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| 1 | Temporal and spatial variations of the active layer along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway in a permafrost region显示文摘Using monitored active layer thickness(ALT) and environmental variables of 10 observation fields along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway in permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP),a model for ALT estimation was developed.The temporal and spatial characteristics of the ALT were also analyzed.The results showed that in the past 30 years ALT in the study region increased at a rate of 1.33 cm a-1.Temperatures at the upper limit of permafrost and at 50 cm depth,along with soil cumulative temperature at 5 cm depth also exhibited a rising trend.Soil heat flux increased at a rate of 0.1 Wm-2 a-1.All the above changes demonstrated that the degradation of permafrost happened in the study region on the QTP.The initial thawing date of active layer was advanced,while the initial freezing date was delayed.The number of thawing days increased to a rate of 1.18 da-1.The variations of active layer were closely related to the permafrost type,altitude,underlying surface type and soil composition.The variations were more evident in cold permafrost region than in warm permafrost region,in high-altitude region than in low-altitude region,in alpine meadow region than in alpine steppe region;and in fine-grained soil region than in coarse-grained soil region. | LI Ren ZHAO Lin DING YongJian WU TongHua XIAO Yao DU ErJi LIU GuangYue QIAO YongPing | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，35： | 51 |
| 2 | Protective effects of Jiayan Kangtai granules on autoimmune thyroiditis in a rat model by modulating Th17/Treg cell balance显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effects of Jiayan Kangtai(JYKT) granules, consisting of 9 Chinese herbs, in a rat model of autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT), and the possible underlying mechanism.METHODS: Female Lewis rats(6-8 weeks) were randomly apportioned to 5 groups of 10, including a normal control. AIT was induced in the untreated AIT-model group, and rats treated subsequently with daily low, medium, or high dose JYKT granules. After 12 weeks, plasma levels of thyroid autoantibodies and morphological changes in the thyroid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and histological examination, respectively. The presence of interleukin(IL)-6,IL23 p19, and IL-2 in thyroid tissue was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. The percentages of T helper(Th)17 cells and regulatory T cells(Tregs) in the peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry. Relevant levels of cytokines and proteins were examined via bead-based multiplex flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Expressions of genes and proteins regulated by Th17 cells and Tregs were shown by real-time PCR and Western blot.RESULTS: Compared to the control, AIT-model rats had higher plasma concentrations of thyroid autoantibodies. The high-dose JYKT rats showed significantly lower levels of thyroid autoantibodies compared with the AIT model group. Rats in the AIT-JYKT groups also had fewer thyroid lesions and less lymphocytic infiltration, a lower percentage of Th17 cells, and a higher percentage of Tregs, compared with the AIT-model. Rats given high-dose JYKT had a significantly lower Th17/Treg ratio compared with the AIT model. Differences in plasma cytokine concentrations and relevant gene and protein expressions in the spleens of JYKT-treated rats and the AIT group suggested an association between JYKT treatment and lower Th17 cell percentage and higher Treg activity.CONCLUSION: JYKT treatment appeared to be protective against AIT in rats, possibly via the regulation of the Th17 cell/Treg imbalance in AIT. | Hou Yi Wang Tieshan Guo Xiangyu Sun Wen Guo Xuan Wu Lili Qin Lingling Zhang Chengfei Liu Tonghua | 2018 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2018，38，3： | 9 |
| 3 | Modeling permafrost properties in the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau显示文摘Water and heat dynamics in the active layer at a monitoring site in the Tanggula Mountains, located in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau(QXP), were studied using the physical-process-based COUPMODEL model, including the interaction between soil temperature and moisture under freeze-thaw cycles. Meteorological, ground temperature and moisture data from different depths within the active layer were used to calibrate and validate the model. The results indicate that the calibrated model satisfactorily simulates the soil temperatures from the top to the bottom of the soil layers as well as the moisture content of the active layer in permafrost regions. The simulated soil heat flux at depths of 0 to 20 cm was consistent with the monitoring data, and the simulations of the radiation balance components were reasonable. Energy consumed for phase change was estimated from the simulated ice content during the freeze/thaw processes from 2007 to 2008. Using this model, the active layer thickness and the energy consumed for phase change were predicted for future climate warming scenarios. The model predicts an increase of the active layer thickness from the current 330 cm to approximately 350–390 cm as a result of a 1–2°C warming. However, the effect active layer thickness of more precipitation is limited when the precipitation is increased by 20%–50%. The COUPMODEL provides a useful tool for predicting and understanding the fate of permafrost in the QXP under a warming climate. | HU GuoJie ZHAO Lin WU XiaoDong LI Ren WU TongHua XIE ChangWei PANG QiangQiang XIAO Yao LI WangPing QIAO YongPing SHI JianZong | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，12： | 7 |
| 4 | Changes in the Thermal and Hydraulic Regime within the Active Layer in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘The change trends of air temperature,precipitation and evaporation from 1999 to 2008 shows that the climate in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost region had become warmer.The analysis of the systematic active-layer data monitoring network along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway indicated that the active-layer thickness had been increasing and the soil temperature was rising.The soil temperature was rising in winter but not at the end of spring or during the entire summer.With thickening and warming of the active layer,the liquid water content of the active layer had an obvious downward migration and liquid water content in the top horizons decreased,but in the deeper horizons it increased. | XIE Changwei ZHAO Lin WU Tonghua DONG Xicheng | 2012 | Journal of Mountain Science2012，9，4： | 7 |
| 5 | Effect of lit-moxa stimulation of Guanyuan(CV 4) acupoint on levels of lactic acid and super-oxide dismutase in skeletal muscle of rats显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of lit-moxa stimulating acupoint Guanyuan(CV 4) on lactic acid and super-oxide dismutase(SOD) in skeletal muscle after exercise exhaustion.METHODS:Twenty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group,exhausted control group,exercise group and moxibustion group using exercise training and mild heating with lit-moxa stick as treatment methods.The exhausted control group,moxibustion group and exercise group received an exhaustive swimming after 20 days of intervention.Swimming exhausted times were recorded.Lactic acid and SOD concentration in soleus muscle were detected and compared between every two groups.RESULTS:The swimming exhausted times of the moxibustion group and the exercise group were significantly increased compare to the exhausted control group(P < 0.05).The lactic acid of the exhausted control group was significantly increased comparing with the normal control group(P <0.05),and the lactic acid of the moxibustion group and the exercise group were significantly lower than that of the exhausted control group(P < 0.05).The SOD level of the exhausted control group was significantly decreased comparing with the normal control group(P < 0.05),and the SOD level of the moxibustion group and the exercise group were significantly higher than that of the exhausted control group(both,P < 0.05).There was no statistical difference between the moxibustion group and the exercise group.CONCLUSION:With lit moxa stick,heat stimulating acupoint of Guanyuan(CV 4) decreased the levels of lactic acid and SOD in rat's skeletal muscle. | Mo Jie Wu Lili Sun Zhifang Wang Hongbin Ding Na He Long Zhang Lufen Liu Tonghua Li Xiaohong | 2015 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2015，35，2： | 6 |
| 6 | Changes and spatial patterns of the differences between ground and air temperature over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau显示文摘地面土壤和空气温度( Ts-Ta )之间的差别被从 1960~2000 在 Qinghai-Xizang (西藏)高原上使用地面的数据和 99 个车站的空气温度学习,并且它的空间分发和时间变化趋势被主要部件分析和力量诊断了光谱分析方法。结果证明价值(Ts-Ta ) 在 12 月是在 6 月和最小的最大值。开始的三装载特徵向量,它反映主要空间地异常的结构( Ts-Ta )在 Qinghai-Xizang 高原上,包含矛盾的变化模式在之间西北并且东南的区域,海水平举起的模式反应和地理,并且永久冻土的分发的模式反应。有包括有最小的价值的单调的增加或减少的趋势,基本稳定性模式和抛物线模式的模式的时间进化的四个模式。(Ts-Ta ) 有一个周期的变化大约 2 年。根据第三的空间分发装载特徵向量(Ts-Ta ) 在在冷季节,永久冻土反应区域和季节的冻结的地面的 Qinghai-Xizang 高原上,反应区域被识别。 | ZHANG Wengang LI Shuxun WU Tonghua PANG Qiangqiang | 2007 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2007，17，1： | 5 |
| 7 | Effect of Tangnaikang on TGF-β_1-induced transdifferentiation of human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the function of Tangnaikang (TNK) in the prevention and treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis through transdifferentiation of the human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 induced by transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).METHODS: HK-2 cells cultured in dulbecco's modified eagle medium/F12 (1∶1) with 10% fetal calf serum were divided into six groups: blank control group, TGF-β1 group (TGF-β1 10 ng/mL), serum control group (TGF-β1 10 ng/mL+10% serum), treatment group 1 (TGF-β1 10 ng/mL+ 5% TNK serum),treatment group 2 (TGF-β1 10 ng/mL+10% TNK serum), and treatment group 3 (TGF-β1 10 ng/mL+20% TNK serum). Cell proliferation was detected by 4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and E-cadherin were observed by immunohistochemical assay. The contents of collagen Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ), collagen Ⅲ (Col Ⅲ), and fibronectin (FN) in the culture medium supernatant were detected by ELISA.RESULTS: E-cadherin was expressed and α-SMA was not expressed in normal HK-2 cells. In HK-2 cells cultured with TGF-β1,α-SMA expression significantly increased, HK-2 cells significantly proliferated, and secretion of Col Ⅰ, Col Ⅲ, and FN significantly increased compared with the blank control group (all P<0.05). In the HK-2 cells cultured with TGF-β1 and TNK serum, the expression of α-SMA significantly decreased, the expression of E-cadherin significantly increased, and the cell proliferation and the secretion of Col Ⅰ, Col Ⅲ and FN were significantly inhibited compared with the TGF-β1 group (all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: TNK can inhibit cell proliferation and reduce secretion of Col Ⅰ, Col Ⅲ, and FN.This indicates that TNK can inhibit transdifferentiation of human renal tubular epithelial cells induced by TGF-β1, with the effect of preventing and treating renal interstitial fibrosis. | Lixia Yang Xinhuan Ma Tao Cheng Tonghua Liu Lili Wu Wen Sun Margetts Peter Joseph | 2013 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2013，33，3： | 5 |
| 8 | Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China显示文摘Hydrothermal processes are key components in permafrost dynamics; these processes are integral to global warming. In this study the coupled heat and mass transfer model for(Coup Model) the soil-plant-atmosphere-system is applied in high-altitude permafrost regions and to model hydrothermal transfer processes in freeze-thaw cycles. Measured meteorological forcing and soil and vegetation properties are used in the Coup Model for the period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 at the Tanggula observation site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A 24-h time step is used in the model simulation. The results show that the simulated soil temperature and water content, as well as the frozen depth compare well with the measured data. The coefficient of determination(R2) is 0.97 for the mean soil temperature and 0.73 for the mean soil water content, respectively. The simulated soil heat flux at a depth of 0–20 cm is also consistent with the monitored data. An analysis is performed on the simulated hydrothermal transfer processes from the deep soil layer to the upper one during the freezing and thawing period. At the beginning of the freezing period, the water in the deep soil layer moves upward to the freezing front and releases heat during the freezing process. When the soil layer is completely frozen, there are no vertical water exchanges between the soil layers, and the heat exchange process is controlled by the vertical soil temperature gradient. During the thawing period, the downward heat process becomes more active due to increased incoming shortwave radiation at the ground surface. The melt water is quickly dissolved in the soil, and the soil water movement only changes in the shallow soil layer. Subsequently, the model was used to provide an evaluation of the potential response of the active layer to different scenarios of initial water content and climate warming at the Tanggula site. The results reveal that the soil water content and the organic layer provide protection against active layer deepening in summer, so climate warming will cause the permafrost active layer to become deeper and permafrost degradation. | HU Guojie ZHAO Lin LI Ren WU Tonghua WU Xiaodong PANG Qiangqiang XIAO Yao QIAO Yongping SHI Jianzong | 2015 | Chinese Geographical Science2015，25，6： | 4 |
| 9 | An analytical model for estimating soil temperature profiles on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China显示文摘Soil temperature is a key variable in the control of underground hydro-thermal processes. To estimate soil temperature more accurately, this study proposed a solution method of the heat conduction equation of soil temperature(improved heat conduction model) by applying boundary conditions that incorporate the annual and diurnal variations of soil surface temperature and the temporal variation of daily temperature amplitude, as well as the temperature difference between two soil layers in the Tanggula observation site of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. We employed both the improved heat conduction model and the classical heat conduction model to fit soil temperature by using the 5 cm soil layer as the upper boundary for soil depth. The results indicated that the daily soil temperature amplitude can be better described by the sinusoidal function in the improved model, which then yielded more accurate soil temperature simulating effect at the depth of 5 cm. The simulated soil temperature values generated by the improved model and classical heat conduction model were then compared to the observed soil temperature values at different soil depths. Statistical analyses of the root mean square error(RMSE), the normalized standard error(NSEE) and the bias demonstrated that the improved model showed higher accuracy, and the average values of RMSE, bias and NSEE at the soil depth of 10–105 cm were 1.41°C, 1.15°C and 22.40%, respectively. These results indicated that the improved heat conduction model can better estimate soil temperature profiles compared to the traditional model. | HU Guojie ZHAO Lin WU Xiaodong LI Ren WU Tonghua XIE Changwei QIAO Yongping SHI Jianzong CHENG Guodong | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic action of cinnamaldehyde in C57blks/j Db/db mice显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde(CA),an active and major compound in cinnamon,on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in C57BLKS/J db/db mice.METHODS:Sixteen male C57BLKS db/db mice were randomly divided into control and CA treatment groups.CA was given(20 mg.kg-1.day-1,p.o.) for 4 weeks.Pure water was given to control and db/+ mice.Subsequently,the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting serum insulin,triglyeride,cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),and free fatty acids(FFA),as well as the mRNA content of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α in adipose tissue,glucose transporter type 4(GLUT-4) in skeletal muscle,and protein expressions of Akt,phospho-Akt(Thr308),AMPKα,phospho-AMPKα(Thr172) in skeletal muscle were measured.RESULTS:1) CA decreased serum levels of FBG and insulin as well as body weight in db/db mice;2) CA increased serum HDL-C levels;3) CA significantly decreased the mRNA expression of TNF-α in adipose tissue and upregulated mRNA expression of GLUT-4 in skeletal muscle;4) protein expression of p-Akt was increased in CA-treated mice,but Akt,AMPKα and p-AMPKα showed no change.CONCLUSION:CA has antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic actions in db/db mice and could be useful in the treatment of type-2 diabetes. | Juane Li Tonghua Liu Lei Wang Xiangyu Guo Tunhai Xu Lili Wu Lingling Qin Wen Sun | 2012 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2012，32，3： | 4 |
| 11 | Tangnaikang improves insulin resistance and β-cell apoptosis by ameliorating metabolic inflammation in SHR.Cg-Lepr^(cp)/NDmcr rats显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Tangnaikang(TNK), a mixture of five herbal plant extracts,on inflammation-mediated insulin resistance andβ-cell apoptosis in SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr(SHR-cp)rats.METHODS: Seven-week-old SHR-cp rats were randomly divided into a control(CON) group and a TNK(3.24 g/kg) group. Wistar-Kyoto rats at the same age were used as the normal control group.After 7 weeks of continuous intragastric administration of TNK, the glucose metabolic status and insulin sensitivity of the rats were evaluated by assessing fasting serum glucose(FBG), the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT), fasting serum insulin(FINS),and the insulin sensitivity index(ISI). Serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein(CRP) and adiponectin were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Macrophage infiltration and apoptosis in adipose tissues were detected through F4/80 immunohistochemistry and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase d UTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Islet morphology and β-cell apoptosis were investigated using double immunofluorescence staining and the TUNEL assay. The expression of cytokine genes in adipose tissue, the liver, and the pancreas was detected in real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. The expression and phosphorylation levels of insulin signaling-, inflammation-, and β-cell survival-related proteins in the liver and pancreas of SHR-cp rats were detected by western blotting.RESULTS: TNK(3.24 g/kg) treatment significantly decreased body weight, FBG and FINS; improved impaired glucose tolerance; increased the ISI; reduced serum levels of TNF-α, CRP and IL-6; and increased serum adiponectin. The m RNA expression of inflammatory markers was markedly reduced in the liver, pancreas, and adipose tissue. F4/80-and TUNEL-positive cells in adipose tissues were decreased, as was the number of TUNEL-positiveβ-cells. The phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and that of insulin receptor substrate-1 at serines 307 and 1101 was significantly decreased.In the pancreas, the expression of nuclear factor kappa-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells-p65 was significantly decreased, and phosphoinositide3-kinase and IRS-2 were significantly increased.CONCLUSION: TNK was able to improve insulin resistance and β-cell apoptosis in SHR-cp rats, which might be associated with its ability to relieve the overall and local metabolic inflammatory responses observed in SHR-cp rats. | Li Linyi Hisae Yoshitomi Qin Lingling Wu Xinli Zhou Tian Wang Haiyan Jiang Yueying Wei Ying Xu Tunhai Liu Tonghua Gao Ming | 2017 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2017，37，3： | 3 |
| 12 | Shenkang injection improves coagulation in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and Meta-analysis显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Shenkang injection(SKI) on chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS: Seven databases including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and CQVIP from their inception to March 2018 were searched. Only randomized controlled trials that evaluated conventional treatment and conventional treatment with SKI in CKD patients were investigated. Outcomes such as fibrinogen(FIB), D-dimer, prothrombin time(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), and the side effects of SKI were analyzed using Revman 5.3 software. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool and the quality of evidence was assessed using GRADEpro.RESULTS: Four randomized controlled trials were investigated in our analysis, and these studies were of moderate quality. For FIB and D-dimer, SKI had a superior effect compared with the control group(mean difference(MD)=-1.23, 95% confidence interval(CI):-1.46,-0.99, P < 0.01;MD =-0.36, 95%CI:-0.51,-0.21, P < 0.01, respectively)SKI increased APTT and PT compared with the control(MD = 7.34, 95% CI: 3.05, 11.62, P < 0.01;MD = 3.40,95% CI: 2.2, 4.61, P < 0.01, respectively). In the four studies, there were no side effects that were related to SKI.CONCLUSION: SKI may be effective in improving coagulation in patients with CKD without obvious adverse reactions. However, more well-designed studies are required to confirm the findings. | Song Zilin Qin Tianyu Pan Yajing Hua Qian Wu Lili Liu Tonghua | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，4： | 3 |
| 13 | Flavonoids from traditional Chinese herbs for diabetes in rats:a network Meta-analysis显示文摘OBJECTIVE:In this Meta-analysis,we evaluated the hypoglycemic effect of 5 flavonoids found in traditional Chinese herbs(naringenin,kaempferol,puerarin,baicalein,and luteolin)on diabetic rats.METHODS:Four databases including Pub Med,Web of Science,Embase,and Cochrane Library,were searched from inception to May 2020.Only studies using diabetes model rats were included in the analysis.Blood glucose data from the last measurement were collected and analyzed.Pair-wise Meta-analyses were conducted using STATA v14.0 software and a Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA v14.0,ADDIS v1.16.6,and R v3.6.1.The quality of included studies was assessed with the SYRCLE risk of bias tool for animal studies,and publication bias was evaluated with a comparisonadjusted funnel plot.RESULTS:A total of 33 studies were included in the analysis,in which all 5 flavonoids showed a beneficial effect on blood glucose level of diabetic rats were included in the final analysis.The standardized mean differences(95%confidence intervals)were-4.92(-6.67,-3.17)for naringenin,-12(-18.74,-5.27)for kaempferol,-2.52(-3.77,-1.26)for puerarin,-3.04(-5.75,-0.34)for baicalein,and-1.94(-2.95,-0.92)for luteolin.The network Meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the effect sizes of the flavonoids.CONCLUSION:The results of the Meta-analysis showed that naringenin,kaempferol,puerarin,baicalein,and luteolin all have clear hypoglycemic effects in rat diabetes models,highlighting their therapeutic potential for preventing and treating diabetes mellitus in clinical practice. | WU You HU Yuli LIU Wei SUN Boju ZHANG Chengfei WU Lili LIU Tonghua | 2022 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2022，42，1： | 2 |
| 14 | 2021 Chinese consensus on the diagnosis and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy显示文摘Immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)is an acquired disease characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia,which is one of the most common causes of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy.Women with ITP who have severe thrombocytopenia are at an increased risk for life-threatening obstetric complications.Therefore,we established this consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of ITP during pregnancy(detailed information is available in the Supplementary File,http://gffzz16e312a87a7141a5hkf55vcfwfbok6cpp.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/A978). | Zhang Xiaohui Chen Fangping Chen Xiequn Cheng Yunfeng Fang Meiyun Feng Jianming Fu Haixia Gao Hong Han Yue He Aili Hou Ming Hu Yu Huang Ruibin Huang Wenrong Jing Zhicheng Kong Peiyan Liang Aibin Liang Meiying Liu Daihong Liu Junling Liu Lin Liu Xiaowei Ma Liangming Mei Heng Ni Heyu Niu Ting Peng Jun Qiao Jianlin Ren Jinhai Song Yongping Tang Liang V Tong Tong Wang Shaoyuan Wang Xin Wang Zhao Wei Hui Wu Depei Wu Guangsheng Xu Caigang Xu Xue Xu Yajing Yang Linhua Yang Renchi Yang Tonghua Yin Chenghong Yu Li Zhang Guangsen Zhang Lei Zhang Liansheng Zhang Xi Zhao Weili Zhao Yongqiang Zhou Daobin Zhou Hu Zhou Zeping Zhu Tienan Wang Jianliu Huang Xiaojun | 2022 | Chinese Medical Journal2022，，8： | 2 |
| 15 | Fast Distance Protection Scheme for Wind Farm Transmission Lines Considering R-L and Bergeron Models显示文摘The distributed capacitance of the line becomes larger as the scale of wind farms,the transmission voltage level,and the transmission distance increase.Hence,the error of the traditional time-domain distance protection scheme based on the R-L model,which ignores the distributed capacitance of the line,becomes unacceptable.Therefore,the error of the time-domain fault location method based on the R-L model,especially the maximum error range,is theoretically analyzed in this paper.On this basis,a novel fault location method based on the RL and Bergeron models is proposed.Then,a fast time-domain distance protection scheme is designed.In the proposed scheme,the error in the fitting calculation is used to construct a weight matrix,and an algorithm for solving the time-domain differential equations is designed to improve the calculation speed and stability.Compared with the traditional frequency-domain distance protection scheme,the proposed scheme is independent of the power supply characteristics;thus,it is suitable for wind farm transmission lines.In addition,compared with the traditional method based on the R-L model,the proposed scheme effectively avoids the negative influence of the distributed capacitance of the line,which significantly improves the operating speed.Different types of faults are simulated by PSCAD/EMTDC to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed scheme. | Zepeng Hu Bin Li Yuping Zheng Tonghua Wu Jiawei He Bin Yao Yaru Sheng Wei Dai Xindong Li | 2023 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2023，11，3： | 2 |
| 16 | Trans-cinnamaldehyde promotes nitric oxide release via the protein kinase-B/v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway to alleviate hypertension in SHR.Cg-Lepr^(cp)/NDmcr rats显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether endothelial dysfunction and hypertension are prevented by trans-cinnamaldehyde(t CA) through the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS).METHODS:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) were cultured in vitro and stimulated with t CA to determine cell viability using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay.The effect of t CA on nitric oxide(NO) production was determined by diaminofluorescein-dyes in the absence or presence of inhibitors of e NOS,AMPK,PKA,and AKT.The effect of t CA on blood pressure was determined by the tail-cuff method in obesity spontaneous hypertension(SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr) rats.The phosphorylation of e NOS and protein expression of the insulin-signaling pathway(Ins R-IRS1-PI3 K-AKT)were measured by western blot.RESULTS:t CA at concentrations less than 100 μM did not affect cell viability in cultured HUVECs.Stimulation with t CA promoted NO release in a time-dependent manner compared with the control group.t CA-treated HUVECs also significantly increased AKT-Ser473 and e NOS-Ser1177 phosphorylation.In SHR-CP rats,treatment with t CA at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks markedly reduced the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure,increased the phosphorylation of AKT and e NOS,and increased urinary nitric oxidation.CONCLUSION:t CA attenuated endothelial dysfunction and reduced blood pressure in SHR-CP rats.The underlying mechanisms may involve the increase in AKT and e NOS phosphorylation and the release of e NOS-derived NO. | Zhang Lu Wu Lili Liu Ximing Yoshitomi Hisae Ikeda Katsumi Negishi Hiroko Pan Yajing Sun Wen Qin Lingling Li Juan-E Xu Tunhai Liu Tonghua Gao Ming | 2018 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2018，38，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Changes in the global cryosphere and their impacts:A review and new perspective显示文摘As one of the five components of Earth's climatic system,the cryosphere has been undergoing rapid shrinking due to global warming.Studies on the formation,evolution,distribution and dynamics of cryospheric components and their interactions with the human system are of increasing importance to society.In recent decades,the mass loss of glaciers,including the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets,has accelerated.The extent of sea ice and snow cover has been shrinking,and permafrost has been degrading.The main sustainable development goals in cryospheric regions have been impacted.The shrinking of the cryosphere results in sea-level rise,which is currently affecting,or is soon expected to affect,17 coastal megacities and some small island countries.In East Asia,South Asia and North America,climate anomalies are closely related to the extent of Arctic sea ice and snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere.Increasing freshwater melting from the ice sheets and sea ice may be one reason for the slowdown in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in the Arctic and Southern Oceans.The foundations of ports and infrastructure in the circum-Arctic permafrost regions suffer from the consequences of permafrost degradation.In high plateaus and mountainous regions,the cryosphere's shrinking has led to fluctuations in river runoff,caused water shortages and increased flooding risks in certain areas.These changes in cryospheric components have shown significant heterogeneity at different temporal and spatial scales.Our results suggest that the quantitative evaluation of future changes in the cryosphere still needs to be improved by enhancing existing observations and model simulations.Theoretical and methodological innovations are required to strengthen social economies'resilience to the impact of cryospheric change. | ShiYin Liu TongHua Wu Xin Wang XiaoDong Wu XiaoJun Yao Qiao Liu Yong Zhang JunFeng Wei XiaoFan Zhu | 2020 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2020，12，6： | 2 |
| 18 | Towards the Preparation of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon/Carbon Composite Membranes for Gas Separation显示文摘 | Bing Zhang Yi Shi Yonghong Wu Tonghua Wang Jieshan Qiu | 2014 | Separation Science and Technology2014，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Comprehensive Analysis of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in 76 Women with Recurrent Miscarriage before and after Lymphocyte Immunotherapy显示文摘 | Peiyan Liang Meilan Mo Guan‐Gui Li Biao Yin Jing Cai Tonghua Wu Xuebing He Xu Zhang Yong Zeng | 2012 | Am J Reprod Immunol2012，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Vertically integrated outdoor in-site line protection based on SoC technique显示文摘By focusing on the problems of speed, reliability, operation and maintenance in the practical application of line protection in conventional and smart substations, we propose system architecture and a technical scheme for in-site(similar in meaning to on-site or near-process) line protection based on vertical integration and outdoor installation. The functions of the single-bay merging unit, relay protection, and intelligent terminal are vertically integrated to reduce the number and types of devices, simplify the configuration, reduce signal transmission, and shorten the protection action time. In addition, this vertically integrated device is applied to provide data acquisition and control execution support for substation-area protection, security and stability of devices, and other substation-area devices. The vital performance outputs are tested and compared. Finally, the experimental results verify that the proposed scheme is feasible and the technology is advanced. | Tonghua Wu Yuping Zheng Yutao Qiu Xiaoping Zhang Gang Yao Jimin Chai Xiaofan Hou | 2018 | Global Energy Interconnection2018，1，2： | 1 |
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