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| 1 | Liver fat content determined by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy显示文摘Hepatic steatosis as the most prevalent liver disorder can either be related to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In both conditions, hepatocytes excessively accumulate fatcontaining vacuoles within their cytoplasm, which is the key histological feature. In contrast to ALD, NAFLD is commonly associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity and insulin resistance. To determine increased liver fat content, liver biopsy is currently considered the gold standard. Besides the invasive technique, various other non-invasive techniques have been developed, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based methods. Among these techniques, ultrasound and CT provide only qualitative information about hepatic steatosis, whereas MRS-or MRI-based methods are able to determine even small amounts of fat accurately. These non-invasive magnetic resonance techniques have already proven their great potential, especially in longitudinal and cross-sectional studies regarding various metabolic conditions and medical treatment regimens. In this review, the most common, non-invasive MRS/MRI techniques for assessment of intrahepatic lipid content are described with their inherent advantages and limitations. | Fabian Springer Jürgen Machann Claus D Claussen Fritz Schick Nina F Schwenzer | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，13： | 19 |
| 2 | Effect of β-casomorphins and analogs on insulin release in dogs显示文摘 | SCHUSDZIARRA V SCHICK A D de la FUENTE A | 1983 | Endocrinology1983，112，3： | 1 |
| 3 | John Deere active seat:a new level of seat performance显示文摘 | Dufner D L Schick T E | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Erythropoiesis andperformance after two weeks of living high andtraining low in welltrained triathletes显示文摘 | DehnertC Hutler M Liu Y Menold E Netzer C Schick R Kubanek B Lehmann M Boning D Steinacker JM | 2002 | Int J Sports Med2002，23，8： | 1 |
| 5 | Novel navigated ultrasound compared with conventional ultrasound for vascular access-a prospective study in a gel phantom Model 显示文摘 | SANDER D SCHICK V ECKER H | 2015 | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth2015，29，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Long-term study of endonasal duraplasty and review of the literature显示文摘 | Schick B Ibing R Brors D | 2001 | Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol2001，110，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Long-term study of endonasal duarplasty and review of the literature显示文摘 | Schick B Ibing R Brors D | 2001 | Ann Otol Rhinl Laryngol2001，110，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Phase transitions in mixed gas hydrates: Experimental observations versus calculated data显示文摘 | Schicks J M Naumann R Erzinger J Hester K C Koh C A Sloan E D | 2006 | The Journal of Physical Chemistry B2006，110，11： | 1 |
| 9 | Longterm study of endonasal duarplasty and review of the literature显示文摘 | Schick B Ibing R Brors D | 2001 | Ann Otol Rhinl Laryngol2001，37，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Longterm study of endonasal dura-plasty and review of the literature显示文摘 | Schick B lbing R Bross D | 2001 | Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngo12001，110，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Long-term study of endonasal dura-plasty and reviewof the literature显示文摘 | SCHICK B IBING R BROSS D | 2001 | Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol2001，110，： | 1 |
| 12 | Detection of an occult transclival cerebrospinal fluid fistula by CT and MRI 显示文摘 | Schick B Brors D Goedecke A | 1998 | Neuroradiology1998，40，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Magnetic resonance bone densitometry: comparison of different methods based on susceptibility 显示文摘 | Schick F Seitz D Machann J | 1995 | Invest Radiol1995，30，： | 1 |
| 14 | Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with sudden hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo显示文摘 | Schick B Brors D Koch O | 2001 | Otol Neurotol2001，22，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Multidetector CT dose: clinical practice improvement strategies from a success- ful optimization program 显示文摘 | Wallace AB Goergen SK Schick D | 2010 | J Am Coil Radiol2010，7，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Water-based sulfopolyester polymers for printing inks显示文摘 | Schick M F Phan H D | 1998 | Ink Maker1998，76，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Microendoscopic lumbar discectomy versus open surgery: an intraoperative EMG study显示文摘 | U. Schick J. D?hnert A. Richter A. K?nig H. Vitzthum | 2002 | European Spine Journal2002，，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Identification of genes associated with platinum drug sensitivity and resistance in human ovarian cancer cells 显示文摘 | Roberts D Schick J Conway S | 2005 | Cancer2005，92，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Identification of genes associated with platinum drug sensitivity and resistance in human ovarian cancer cells显示文摘 | Roberts D Schick J Conway S | 2005 | Sr J Cancer2005，92，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of beta-casomorphins and analogs on insulin release in dogs 显示文摘 | Schusdziarra V Schick A D La Fuente A | 1983 | Endocrinology1983，112，3： | 1 |
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