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| 1 | Cyclosporine versus tacrolimus in patients with HCV infection after liver transplantation:Effects on virus replication and recurrent hepatitis显示文摘瞄准:决定 calcineurin 禁止者, cyclosporine 和 tacrolimus 的效果,在丙肝上,在病人的周期性的丙肝的病毒(HCV ) 复制和活动张贴肝移植。方法:在我们的中心为在 1999 和 2003 之间的联系 HCV 的肝肝硬化收到了肝移植的 107 个病人的一个队的数据回顾地被分析。浆液 HCV-RNA 的水平和周期性的肝炎的活动在作为主要抑制免疫力的代理人和没在移植以后在开始的 12 瞬间以内导致胆汁的复杂并发症的不那样类似的抑制免疫力的政体收到了 cyclosporine 或 tacrolimus 的 47 个病人之间被比较。结果:HCV-RNA 在移植以后在 3 瞬间以内增加了,但是 cyclosporine 组和 tacrolimus 组之间的差别是不足道的(在 12 瞬间的 P=0.49 ) 。另外,由浆液 transaminases 决定了的周期性的肝炎并且门发炎和纤维变性的组织学的分级没在 12 瞬间(P=0.34 ) 以后显示出有效差量。结论:一个主要抑制免疫力的代理人不在肝移植以后在感染 HCV 的病人影响周期性的肝炎的正式就职或严厉的 Cyclosporine 或 tacrolimus。 | Philip Hilgard Alisan Kahraman Nils Lehmann Cornelia Seltmann Susanne Beckebaum R Stefan Ross Hideo A Baba Massimo Malago Christoph E Broelsch Guido Gerken | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，5： | 235 |
| 2 | Diagnosis of biliary strictures after liver transplantation:Which is the best tool?显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic value of different indirect methods like biochemical parameters, ultrasound (US) analysis, CT-scan and MRI/MRCP in comparison with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC), for diagnosis of biliary complications after liver transplantation. METHODS: In 75 patients after liver transplantation, who received ERC due to suspected biliary complications, the result of the cholangiography was compared to the results of indirect imaging methods performed prior to ERC. The cholangiography showed no biliary stenosis (NoST) in 25 patients, AST in 27 and ITBL in 23 patients. RESULTS: Biliary congestion as a result of AST was detected with a sensitivity of 68.4% in US analysis (specificity 91%), of 71% in MRI (specificity 25%) and of 40% in CT (specificity 57.1%). In ITBL, biliary congestion was detected with a sensitivity of 58.8% in the US, 88.9%in MRI and of 83.3% in CT. However, as anastomotic or ischemic stenoses were the underlying cause of biliary congestion, the sensitivity of detection was very low. InMRI detected the dominant stenosis at a correct localization in 22% and CT in 10%, while US failed completely. The biochemical parameters, showed no significant difference in bilirubin (median 5.7; 4,1; 2.5 mg/dL), alkaline phosphatase (median 360; 339; 527 U/L) or gamma glutamyl transferase (median 277; 220; 239 U/L) levels between NoST, AST and ITBL.CONCLUSION: Our data confirm that indirect imaging methods to date cannot replace direct cholangiography for diagnosis of post transplant biliary stenoses. However MRI may have the potential to complement or precede imaging by cholangiography. Optimized MRCP-processing might further improve the diagnostic impact of this method. | Thomas Zoepf Evelyn J. Maldonado-Lopez Philip Hilgard Alexander Dech■ne Massimo Malago Christoph E. Broelsch Joerg Schlaak Guido Gerken | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，19： | 32 |
| 3 | Successful photodynamic therapy for biliary papillomatosis:A case report显示文摘Papillomatosis of the bile duct is a rare disease with a high risk of malignant transformation. Therapeutical options include partial hepatectomy and liver transplantation. A previously healthy 65-years old male developed jaundice and right upper abdominal quadrant pain in 1996. A villous adenoma of the distal bile duct was diagnosed. A Whipple procedure was performed. In 2002 the patient turned symptomatic again. Another adenoma was found in the right hepatic duct resulting in a right hepatectomy. Two years later the patient again developed cholestasis. After drainage of the left hepatic duct with a percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) catheter, a recurrent biliary adenomatosis was diagnosed by cholangioscopy. As there was no surgical option left, the patient received photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the recurrent biliary papillomatosis. Three mo after he received further photodynamic therapies, the bile duct epithelium appeared normal and the patient had no signs of adenomatosis, both macroscopically and histologically. The follow-up cholangioscopy in late 2005 revealed only a small papilloma without the need for intervention. In early 2006, the patient died of multi organ failure without signs of extrahepatic cholestasis or cholangitis at the age of 75, 10 years after the diagnosis of biliary papillomatosis was established. The patient exceeded the average life expectancy of patients with biliary papillomatosis by far. Thus, PDT might be a sufficient therapeutic option for recurrent papillomatosis patients with no significant side effects. | Lars P Bechmann Philip Hilgard Andrea Frilling Brigitte Schumacher Hideo A Baba Guido Gerken Thomas Zoepf | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，26： | 7 |
| 4 | Radioembolization with yttrium‐90 glass microspheres in hepatocellular carcinoma: European experience on safety and long‐term survival显示文摘 | Philip Hilgard Monia Hamami Amr El Fouly André Scherag Stefan Müller Judith Ertle Till Heusner Vito R. Cicinnati Andreas Paul Andreas Bockisch Guido Gerken Gerald Antoch | 2010 | Hepatology2010，，： | 3 |
| 5 | Optimized endoscopic treatment of ischemic-type biliary lesions after liver transplantation显示文摘 | Thomas Zoepf Evelyn J. Maldonado de Dechêne Alexander Dechêne Massimo Malágo Susanne Beckebaum Andreas Paul Guido Gerken Philip Hilgard | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，3： | 2 |
| 6 | Endoscopic Therapy of Posttransplant Biliary Stenoses After Right-Sided Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | Thomas Zoepf Evelyn J. Maldonado–lopez Philip Hilgard Joerg Schlaak Massimo Malago Christoph E. Broelsch Ulrich Treichel Guido Gerken | 2005 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2005，，11： | 1 |
| 7 | Balloon dilatation vs. balloon dilatation plus bile duct endoprostheses for treatment of anastomotic biliary strictures after liver transplantation显示文摘 | Thomas Zoepf Evelyn J. Maldonado‐Lopez Philip Hilgard Massimo Malago Christoph E. Broelsch Ulrich Treichel Guido Gerken | 2005 | Liver Transpl2005，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Liver cirrhosis as a consequence of iron overload caused by hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia显示文摘Nonspherocytic hereditary anemias are occasionally accompanied by significant iron overload but the significance for the development of chronic liver disease is not clear. We described two cases of patients with chronic liver d isease and severeiron overload due to chronic hereditary hemolysis. Both patients have had signs of liver cirrhosis and severe hemolysis since childhood. A hereditary pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) was discovered as the underlying reason for the hemolysis.Sequencing of the pyruvate kinase gene showed a mutation within exon 11. Liver histology in both patients revealed cirrhosis and a severe iron overload but primary hemochromatosis was excluded by HFE-gene analysis.An iron reduction therapy with desferrioxamine led to significant decrease of serum ferritin and sustained clinical improvement. PKD-induced hemolysis may cause severe iron overload even in the absence of HFE-genotype abnormalities. This secondary iron overload can lead to chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Therefore, the iron metabolism of PKD patients has to be closely monitored and iron overload should be consequently treated. | Philip Hilgard Guido Gerken | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Survival Difference in Patients with Photodynamic Therapy of Nonresectable Bile Duct Cancer Using Different Hematoporphyrins显示文摘 | Alexander Dechene Philip Hilgard Evelyn J. Maldonado-Lopez Juergen F. Riemann Guido Gerken Thomas Zoepf | 2007 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2007，，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Optimized endoscopic treatment of ischemic-type biliary lesions after liver transplantation显示文摘 | Thomas Zoepf Evelyn J. Maldonado de Dechêne Alexander Dechêne Massimo Malágo Susanne Beckebaum Andreas Paul Guido Gerken Philip Hilgard | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Relationship between baseline hepatic status and outcome, and effect of sorafenib on liver function: SHARP trial subanalyses显示文摘 | Jean-Luc Raoul Jordi Bruix Tim F. Greten Morris Sherman Vincenzo Mazzaferro Philip Hilgard Hans Scherubl Max E. Scheulen Georgios Germanidis Sophie Dominguez Sergio Ricci Andrea Nadel Marius Moscovici Dimitris Voliotis Josep M. Llovet | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Controlled and reversible induction of differentiation and activation of adult human hepatocytes by a biphasic culture technique显示文摘AIM: Clinical application of human hepatocytes (HC) is hampered by the progressive loss of growth and differentiation in vitro. The object of the study was to evaluate the effect of a biphasic culture technique on expression and activation of growth factor receptors and differentiation of human adult HC.METHODS: Isolated HC were sequentially cultured in a hormone enriched differentiation medium (DM) containing nicotinamide, insulin, transferrin, selenium, and dexamethasone or activation medium (AM) containing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), andgranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF). Expression, distribution and activation of the HC receptors (MET and EGFR) and the pattern of characteristic cytokeratin (CK) filaments were measured by fluorometry, confocal microscopy and Western blotting.RESULTS: In the biphasic culture system, HC underwent repeated cycles of activation (characterized by expression and activation of growth factor receptors) and re-differentiation (illustrated by distribution of typical filaments CK-18 but low or absent expression of CK-19). In AM increased expression of MET and EGFR was associated with receptor translocation into the cytoplasm and induction of atypical CK-19. In DM low expression of MET and EGFR was localized on the cell membrane and CK-19 was reduced. Receptor phosphorylation required embedding of HC in collagen type Ⅰ gel.CONCLUSION: Control and reversible modulation of growth factor receptor activation of mature human HC can be accomplishedin vitro, when defined signals from the extracellular matrix and sequential growth stimuli are provided. The biphasic technique helps overcome dedifferentiation, which occurs during continuous stimulation by means of growth factors. | Marcus K.H. Auth Kim A. Boost Kerstin Leckel Wolf-Dietrich Beecken Tobias Engl Dietger Jonas Elsie Oppermann Philip Hilgard Bernd H. Markus Wolf-Otto Bechstein Roman A. Blaheta | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，14： | 0 |
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