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| 1 | Ketamine and midazolam sedation for pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in the Arab world显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intravenous ketamine-midazolam sedation during pediatric endoscopy in the Arab world.METHODS:A retrospective cohort study of all pediatric endoscopic procedures performed between 2002-2008 at the shared endoscopy suite of King Abdullah University Hospital,Jordan University of Science & Technology,Jordan was conducted.All children were > 1 year old and weighed > 10 kg with American Society of Anesthesiologists class 1 or 2.Analysis was performed in terms of sedation-related complications(desaturation,respiratory distress,apnea,bradycar-dia,cardiac arrest,emergence reactions),adequacy of sedation,need for sedation reversal,or failure to complete the procedure.RESULTS:A total of 301 patients(including 160 males) with a mean age of 9.26 years(range,1-18 years) were included.All were premedicated with atropine;and 79.4%(239/301) had effective and uneventful sedation.And 248(82.4%) of the 301 patients received a mean dose of 0.16 mg/kg(range,0.07-0.39) midazolam and 1.06 mg/kg(range,0.31-2.67) ketamine,respectively within the recommended dosage guidelines.Recommended maximum midazolam dose was exceeded in 17.6% patients [34 female(F):19 male(M),P = 0.003] and ketamine in 2.7%(3 M:5 F).Maximum midazolam dose was more likely to be exceeded than ketamine(P < 0.001).Desaturation occurred in 37(12.3%) patients,and was reversible by supplemental oxygen in all except 4 who continue to have desaturation despite supplemental oxygen.Four(1.3%) patients had respiratory distress and 6(2%) were difficult to sedate and required a 3rd sedative;12(4%) required reversal and 7(2.3%) failed to complete the procedure.None developed apnea,bradycardia,arrest,or emergence reactions.CONCLUSION:Ketamine-midazolam sedation appears safe and effective for diagnostic pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in the Arab world for children aged > 1 year and weighing > 10 kg without co-morbidities. | Mohamad-Iqbal S Miqdady Wail A Hayajneh Ruba Abdelhadi Mark A Gilger | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，31： | 5 |
| 2 | Prevalence and Health Outcomes of Functional Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Infants From Birth to 12 Months of Age显示文摘 | Yvan Vandenplas Abdelhak Abkari Marc Bellaiche Marc Benninga Jean Pierre Chouraqui Fügen?ullu ?okura Tracy Harb Badriul Hegar Carlos Lifschitz Thomas Ludwig Mohamed Miqdady Mauro Batista de Morais Seksit Osatakul Silvia Salvatore Raanan Shamir Annamaria S | 2015 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutriti2015，，5： | 1 |
| 3 | COVID-19-induced liver injury in infants,children,and adolescents显示文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)typically presents with fever and respiratory symptoms in children.Most children develop an asymptomatic and mild illness,with a minority requiring specialist medical care.Gastrointestinal manifestations and liver injury can also occur in children following infection.The mechanisms of liver injury may include infection following direct viral hepatic tissue invasion,immune response,or medication effects.Affected children might develop mild liver dysfunction which has a benign course in most children with no pre-existing liver disease.However,the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or other pre-existing chronic liver disorders is associated with a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 illness with poor outcomes.On the other hand,the presence of liver manifestations is associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease and is considered an independent prognostic factor.Respiratory,hemodynamic,and nutritional supportive therapies are the mainstay of management.Vaccination of children at increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease is indicated.This review describes the liver manifestations in children with COVID-19,detailing its epidemiology,basic mechanisms,clinical expression,management,and prognosis in those with and without pre-existing liver disease and also children who have had earlier liver transplantation. | Rana Bitar Ahmed A Elghoudi David Rawat Amer Azaz Mohamad Miqdady Hassib Narchi | 2023 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2023，12，3： | 0 |
| 4 | Advances and challenges of gastrostomy insertion in children显示文摘When oral feeding cannot provide adequate nutritional support to children,enteral tube feeding becomes a necessity.The overall aim is to ultimately promote appropriate growth,improve the patient’s quality of life and increase carer satisfaction.Nasogastric tube feeding is considered appropriate on a short-term basis.Alternatively,gastrostomy feeding offers a more convenient and safer feeding option especially as it does not require frequent replacements,and carries a lower risk of complications.Gastrostomy tube feeding should be considered when nasogastric tube feeding is required for more than 2-3 wk as per the ESPEN guidelines on artificial enteral nutrition.Several techniques can be used to insert gastrostomies in children including endoscopic,image guided and surgical gastrostomy insertion whether open or laparoscopic.Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages.The timing of gastrostomy insertion,device choice and method of insertion is dependent on the local expertise,patient requirements and family preference,and should be individualized with a multidisciplinary team approach.We aim to review gastrostomy insertion in children including indications,contraindications,history of gastrostomy,insertion techniques and complications. | Rana Bitar Amer Azaz David Rawat Mohamed Hobeldin Mohamad Miqdady Seifeleslam Abdelsalam | 2023 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2023，15，9： | 0 |
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