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| 1 | Chronic hepatitis C virus infection:Serum biomarkers inpredicting liver damage显示文摘Currently, a major clinical challenge in the management of the increasing number of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infected patients is determining the best means for evaluating liver impairment. Prognosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C(CHC) are partly dependent on the assessment of histological activity, namely cell necrosis and inflammation, and the degree of liver fibrosis. These parameters can be provided by liver biopsy; however, in addition to the risks related to an invasive procedure, liver biopsy has been associated with sampling error mostly due to suboptimal biopsy size. To avoid these pitfalls, several markers have been proposed as non-invasive alternatives for the diagnosis of liver damage. Distinct approaches among the currently available non-invasive methods are(1) the physical ones based on imaging techniques; and(2) the biological ones based on serum biomarkers. In this review, we discuss these approaches with special focus on currently available non-invasive serum markers. We will discuss:(1) class?Ⅰ?serum biomarkers individually and as combined panels, particularly those that mirror the metabolism of liver extracellular matrix turnover and/or fibrogenic cell changes;(2) class Ⅱ biomarkers that are indirect serum markers and are based on the evaluation of common functional alterations in the liver; and(3) biomarkers of liver cell death, since hepatocyte apoptosis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HCV infection. We highlight in this review the evidence behind the use of these markers and assess the diagnostic accuracy as well as advantages, limitations, and application in clinical practice of each test for predicting liver damage in CHC. | Pamela Valva Daniela A Ríos Elena De Matteo Maria V Preciado | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Screening analysis of beer ageing using near infrared spectroscopy and the successive projections algorithm for variable selection显示文摘 | MAHDI G V SEYED S M MARIA L R M | 2012 | Talanta2012，89，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Biological Response Modifier Activity of an Exopolysaccharide from Paenibacillus jamilae CP-7显示文摘 | Alfonso R B Maria J V Encarnacion M | 2001 | Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology2001，8，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Understanding the Effects of Market Orientation and E-Marketing on Service Performance显示文摘 | Tsiotsou R H Maria V | 2011 | Marketing Intelligence & Planning2011，，2： | 1 |
| 5 | An expeditious method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides residues in estuarine sediments using microwave assisted pre-extraction and automated headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 显示文摘 | Pedro N C Pedro N R Filipe A Rafael E Maria C P Teresa M V | 2008 | Talanta2008，76，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Toddaculin, a natural coumarin from Toddalia asiatica, induces differentiation and apop- tosis in U - 937 leukemic cells 显示文摘 | Ramiro V Maria E R M6nica V | 2012 | Phytomedicine2012，19，89： | 1 |
| 7 | Three-dimensional model of the melt blowing process显示文摘 | Maria V T Shambaugh R L | 2003 | Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research2003，42，26： | 1 |
| 8 | Chemical modification of cross-linked resinbased on acrylonitrile for anchoring metal ions 显示文摘 | de Santa Maria L C Amorim M C V Aguiar M R M P | 2001 | Reactive and Functional Polymers2001，49，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Investigating the effect of largewind farms on energy in the atmosphere显示文摘 | Maria M R V S?Jacobson M Z | 2009 | Energies2009，2，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Textile sludge applica-tion to non-productive soil:Physico-chemical and phytotoxicity aspects 显示文摘 | Edson V C R Luciana M Maria M S | 2007 | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety2007，65，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Zirconium carbide thin films deposited by pulsed laser ablation显示文摘 | ALESSIO L D SANTAGATA A TEGHIL R ZACCAGNINO M ZACCARDO I MAROTTA V FERRO D MARIA G D | 2000 | Appl Surf Sci2000，168，14： | 1 |
| 12 | Acetylcholinesterase-based biosensors for quantification of carbofuran,carbaryl,methylparaoxon,and dichlorvosin 5% acetonitrile显示文摘 | GABRIELA V R MONTSERRAT C MARIA T R S | 2008 | Anal Bioanal Chem2008，392，： | 1 |
| 13 | Transfer of quinolone resistance gene qnrA1 to Escherichia coli through a 50 kb conjugative plasmid resulting from the splitting of a 300 kb plasmid显示文摘 | Ulises G R Humberto B Maria Jose H V | 2012 | Antimicrob Chemother2012，67，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Development and validation of a clinical scale for the diagnosis of drug-induced hepatitis显示文摘 | MARIA V A VICTORINO R M | 1997 | Hepatology1997，26，： | 1 |
| 15 | Disturbance torque estimation in a sensorless dc drive显示文摘 | GIUSEPPE S BUJA R M MARIA I V | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 16 | Medical applications of organic inorganic hybrid materials within the field of silica based bioeeramics 显示文摘 | Maria V R Montserrat C B Gonza L | 2011 | Chem Soc Rev2011，40，2： | 1 |
| 17 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Aline R B Emilene M B Celine L Maria G R V Sergio L C F Bernhard W | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Sous vide cooked beef muscles: effects of low temperature-long time (LT-LT) treatment on their quality characteristics and storage stability显示文摘 | SERGIO R V GUILLERMO S MARIA S | 2002 | International Journal of Food Science and Technology2002，，37： | 1 |
| 19 | FPGA implementation of an OFDM-based WLAN receiver 显示文摘 | MARIA J C JAVIER V VICENC A JOSE M R | 2012 | Microprocessors and Microsystems2012，36，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Association of HLA shared epitope with joint damageprogression in rheumatoid arthritis显示文摘 | Angel V Maria FG Rosa R | 1999 | Hum Immunol1999，60，： | 1 |
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