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| 1 | 一种房颤风险评分系统的建立(Framingham心脏研究):基于社区的队列研究显示文摘背景房颤导致了发病率和病死率的显著上升。本研究旨在建立一种预测个体罹患房颤绝对风险的风险评分系统,并提供研究人员评价新危险因素的流程。方法作者评估了Framingham心脏研究中于1968年6月至1987年9月间进行了8044次检测的4764例参与者(55%为女性,年龄45~95岁)。此后,参与者被随访至房颤首发,随访期最长达10年。多变量Coxi回归确认出1(1年内罹患房颤的临床危险因素。次级分析纳入了常规超声心动图检测指标(5152例4参与者,7156次检测)对房颤风险进行再分层评估,并评价超声检测指标能否提高风险预测能力。结果4764例参与者中的457例4(10%)罹患房颤。年龄、性别、体重指数、收缩压、降压治疗、PR间期、有临床意义的心脏杂音及心力衰竭与房颤相关,并被纳入了风险评分模型(除体重指数P=0.08外,其余均为P〈0.05),模型的C统计量为0.78(95%CI0.76~0.80)。10年房颤风险随年龄变化:年龄〈65岁的人群中53例(1%)风险高于15%,而〉65岁的人群中为783例(27%)。为提高预测能力而纳入超声检测指标仅使模型C统计量略微增高,由0.78(95%C10.75~0.80)增至0.79(95%CI0.77~0.82:P=0.005)。超声心动图检测指标并不能改善风险再分层评估(P=0.18)。结论基于社区医疗中易得的临床因素建立的风险评分系统,有助于确认社区个体罹患房颤的风险,评估技术或标志物能否改善风险预测,以及针对高危个体采取预防措施。 | Renate B Schnabel Lisa M Sullivan Daniel Levy Michael J Pencina Joseph M Massaro Ralph B D'Agostino Sr Christopher Newton-Cheh Jennifer F Yamamoto Jared W Magnani Thomas M Tadros William B Kannel Thomas J Wang Patrick T Ellinor Philip A Wolf Ramachanclran S Vasan Emelia J Benjamin 黄刚(译) | 2009 | 世界临床医学2009，，9： | 2 |
| 2 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 3 | Epidemiology of constipation (EPOC) study in the United States: relation of clinical subtypes to sociodemographic features显示文摘 | Walter F Stewart Joshua N Liberman Robert S Sandler Michael S Woods Annette Stemhagen Elsbeth Chee Richard B Lipton Christina E Farup | 1999 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology1999，，12： | 2 |
| 4 | Bacterial RNA chaperones confer abiotic stress tolerance in plants and improved grain yield in maize under water-limited condition 显示文摘 | Paolo C Dave W Robert J B Don C A Jay H Martin S Mark A Ganesh K Sara S Robert D Santiago N Stephanie B Mary F Jayaprakash T Santanu D Christopher B Michael H L Jacqueline E H | 2008 | Plant Physiology2008，147，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Acute cholangitis and pancreatitis secondary to common duct stones: management update显示文摘 | MICHAEL G T RARATY M B MARGARET F | 1998 | World J Surg1998，22，： | 1 |
| 6 | cDNA cloning of cyto- plasmic ribosomal protein S7 of winter rye(Secale cereale) and its expression in low-temperature-treated leaves显示文摘 | THOMAS B MICHAEL U JU'RGEN F | 2000 | Biochim Biophys Acta2000，1492，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Seasonal dynamics of colored dissolved material in the Sargasso Sea显示文摘 | NELSON N B SIEGEL D A MICHAELS A F | 1998 | Deep-Sea Re- search1998，45，： | 1 |
| 8 | Modification of carbohydrate content in developing tomato fruit显示文摘 | Ilan L Moshe B Michael F | 1999 | Hortscience1999，34，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Structural properties of XPath fragment显示文摘 | Michael B Diego C Wenfei F | 2003 | ICDE heidelberg springer2003，12，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Generationof potentially bioactive ergosterol-derived products following pulsedultraviolet light exposure of mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)显示文摘 | MICHAEL D K ROBERT B B MICHAEL F H | 2012 | FoodChemistry2012，135，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Tumour stem cells and drug resistance显示文摘 | Michael D Tito F Susan B | 2005 | Nature Reviews2005，5，： | 1 |
| 12 | Gene expression profiling of multiple histone deacetylase (HDAC) in- hibitors:defining a common gene set produced by HDAC inhibi- tion in T24 and MDA carcinoma cell lines显示文摘 | Glaser Keith B Stayer Michael J Waring Jeffrey F | 2003 | Molecular Cancer Therapeutics2003，2，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Restoration of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter(GLUT4) gene expression in muscle cells by the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1显示文摘 | Michael L F Wu Z Cheatham R B | 2001 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2001，98，： | 1 |
| 14 | Miscanthus biomass production for energy in Europe and its potential contribution to decreasing fossil fuel carbon emissions显示文摘 | John C Paul F Michael B | 2004 | Global Change Biology2004，10，： | 1 |
| 15 | Seasonal dynamics of colored dissolved organic material in the Sargasso Sea显示文摘 | Nelson N B Siegel D A Michaels A F | 1998 | Deep-Sea Res Pt I1998，45，： | 1 |
| 16 | Interseismic strain accumulation and anthropogenic mo- tion in metropolitan Los Angeles 显示文摘 | Donald F Argus Michael B Heflin Fre'deric Crampe' | 2005 | Journal of Geophysi- cal Research2005，110，04401： | 1 |
| 17 | Treatment of electrolytedisorders in adult patients in the intensive careunit显示文摘 | Michael D K Imad F B Gordon S S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Sensory and rheological characterization of acidified milk drinks显示文摘 | THOMAS J MICHAEL B F RICHARD I | 2008 | Food HydrocoUoids2008，22，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Biological features of genetic immunization显示文摘 | MICHAEL A B STEPHEN A F | 1997 | Ilserier Sci Ltd1997，15，8： | 1 |
| 20 | The role of elevation and soil chemistry in the distribution and ion accumulation of floral morphs of Streptanthus polygaloides Gray (Brassicaceae), a Californian nickel?hyperaccumulator 显示文摘 | Nathaniel P Michael F Robert S B | 2014 | Plant ecology & diversity2014，7，42： | 1 |
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