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| 1 | Circular smooth muscle contributes to esophageal shortening during peristalsis显示文摘AIM:To study the angle between the circular smooth muscle(CSM) and longitudinal smooth muscle(LSM) fibers in the distal esophagus.METHODS:In order to identify possible mechanisms for greater shortening in the distal compared to proximal esophagus during peristalsis,the angles between the LSM and CSM layers were measured in 9 cadavers.The outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis propria was exposed after stripping the outer serosa.The inner circular layer of the muscularis propria was then revealed after dissection of the esophageal mucosa and the underlying muscularis mucosa.Photographs of each specimen were taken with half of the open esophagus folded back showing both the outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle layers.Angles were measured every one cm for 10 cm proximal to the squamocolumnar junction(SCJ) by two independent investigators.Two human esophagi were obtained from organ transplant donors and the angles between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers were measured using micro-computed tomography(micro CT) and Image J software.RESULTS:All data are presented as mean ± SE.The CSM to LSM angle at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to SCJ on the autopsy specimens was 69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 74.9 ± 3.09 degrees,P = 0.32.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ were statistically significantly lower than at 2,3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 82.58 ± 1.34 degrees,84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.013,P = 0.008,P = 0.004,P = 0.009 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ was also statistically significantly lower than the angles at 6,7 and 8 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 80.18 ± 2.09 degrees,81.81 ± 1.75 degrees and 80.96 ± 2.04 degrees,P = 0.05,P = 0.02,P = 0.03 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at 1 cm proximal to SCJ was statistically significantly lower than at 3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,74.94 ± 3.09 degrees vs 84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.019,P = 0.008,P = 0.02 respectively.At 10 cm above SCJ the angle was 80.06 ± 2.13 degrees which is close to being perpendicular but less than 90 degrees.The CSM to LSM angles measured on virtual dissection of the esophagus and the stomach on micro CT at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to the SCJ were 48.39 ± 0.72 degrees and 50.81 ± 1.59 degrees.Rather than the angle of the CSM and LSM being perpendicular in the esophagus we found an acute angulation between these two muscle groups throughout the lower 10 cm of the esophagus.CONCLUSION:The oblique angulation of the CSM may contribute to the significantly greater shortening of distal esophagus when compared to the mid and proximal esophagus during peristalsis. | Anil K Vegesna Keng-Yu Chuang Ramashesai Besetty Steven J Phillips Alan S Braverman Mary F Barbe Michael R Ruggieri Larry S Miller | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 7 |
| 2 | Augmented reality assisted surgery: a urologic training tool显示文摘扩充现实广泛地在航空学被使用并且是在外科以内的一个发展中的概念。在这个预研项目,我们在古格尔·格拉斯 ® 上为使用开发了一个应用程序训练在怎么放可膨胀的阴茎修复术的泌尿学居民的光装头的显示。我们使用扩充的短语现实帮助了外科在外科的设置描述扩充现实的这个新奇应用程序。应用程序表明可膨胀的阴茎修复术放置的外科的过程的步。它也包含允许的软件用一个照相机的点从光装头的显示喂使教师能在阴茎修复术的放置期间与居民一起交往的兴趣的察觉。自愿参加学习的泌尿学受训练者和教师被给时间经历技术在起作用或 perioperative 背景并且要求完成反馈调查。从用 10 点规模的 30 个全部的参加者,教育实用性被评估 8.6,航行的容易被评估 7.6,到使用的可能性的被评估 7.4,并且在操作空间的分心被评估 4.9。当在受训练者和教师之间成层时,受训练者发现技术更教育有用,并且少些分散。总的来说, 81% 参加者在他们的住处程序想要这种技术,并且 93% 以后在操作房间里看见这种技术。这种技术的进一步的开发在完整的版本前被保证,并且进一步的研究是必要的更好描绘扩充现实的有效性在泌尿科的外科的训练的帮助外科。 | Ryan M Dickey Neel Srikishen Larry I Lipshultz Philippe E Spiess Rafael E Carrion Tariq S Hakky | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，5： | 6 |
| 3 | Update on Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections and Their Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Larry M. Baddour Andrew E. Epstein Christopher C. Erickson Bradley P. Knight Matthew E. Levison Peter B. Lockhart Frederick A. Masoudi Eric J. Okum Walter R. Wilson Lee B. Beerman Ann F. Bolger N A. Mark Estes Michael Gewitz Jane W. Newburger Eleanor B. S | 2010 | Circulation2010，，3： | 4 |
| 4 | 苹果果实日灼预测预报计算机模型显示文摘为了及时准确地预测预报苹果果实日灼发生的时间,提高预防措施的效果,特研制了本计算机模型。通过对树上活体果实表面温度进行生长季全程连续监测,同步对比相应的气象资料,研究了主要气象因子(包括气温、日照、风速和相对湿度)与果实表面温度的相关性,确定了上述气象要素与果实表面温度变化的多元回归方程。此外,通过比较研究不同品种、果实发育期以及树势对果实日灼敏感性的差异,确定了不同品种果实日灼阈值温度以及这些因子在影响果实日灼中的效应参数。将模型预测值与田间果实温度实测值进行对比,验证该模型预报结果符合率达85.22%。近两年该模型已开始在美国华盛顿州果园试用。通过在本模型的用户界面下拉菜单中选择品种、月份和树势,并在相应位置输入当日11:00~14:00平均日照、气温、风速和相对湿度数值,即可得到当日是否发生果实日灼的预测预报结果。 | 张建光 刘玉芳 孙建设 Larry S Jerry T | 2004 | 植物保护学报2004，31，1： | 4 |
| 5 | Function of longitudinal vs circular muscle fibers in esophageal peristalsis, deduced with mathematical modeling显示文摘We summarize from previous works the functions of circular vs. longitudinal muscle in esophageal peristaltic bolus transport using a mix of experimental data, the conservation laws of mechanics and mathematical modeling. Whereas circular muscle tone generates radial closure pressure to create a local peristaltic closure wave, longitudinal muscle tone has two functions, one physiological with mechanical implications, and one purely mechanical. Each of these functions independently reduces the tension of individual circular muscle fibers to maintain closure as a consequence of shortening of longitudinal muscle locally coordinated with increasing circular muscle tone. The physiological function is deduced by combining basic laws of mechanics with concurrent measurements of intraluminal pressure from manometry, and changes in cross sectional muscle area from endoluminal ultrasound from which local longitudinal shortening (LLS) can be accurately obtained. The purely mechanical function of LLS was discovered from mathematical modeling of peristaltic esophageal transport with the axial wall motion generated by LLS. Physiologically, LLS concentrates circular muscle fibers where closure pressure is highest. However, the mechanical function of LLS is to reduce the level of pressure required to maintain closure. The combined physiological and mechanical consequences of LLS are to reduce circular muscle fiber tension and power by as much as 1/10 what would be requiredfor peristalsis without the longitudinal muscle layer, a tremendous benefit that may explain the existence of longitudinal muscle fiber in the gut. We also review what is understood of the role of longitudinal muscle in esophageal emptying, reflux and pathology. | James G Brasseur Mark A Nicosia Anupam Pal Larry S Miller | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，9： | 4 |
| 6 | Ileocecal valve dysfunction in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A pilot study显示文摘AIM: To explore whether patients with a defective ileocecal valve (ICV)/cecal distension reflex have small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. METHODS: Using a colonoscope, under conscious sedation, the ICV was intubated and the colonoscope was placed within the terminal ileum (TI). A manometry catheter with 4 pressure channels, spaced 1 cm apart, was passed through the biopsy channel of the colonoscope into the TI. The colonoscope was slowly withdrawn from the TI while the manometry catheter was advanced. The catheter was placed across the ICV so that at least one pressure port was within the TI, ICV and the cecum respectively. Pressures were continuously measured during air insufflation into the cecum, under direct endoscopic visualization, in 19 volunteers. Air was insufflated to a maximum of 40 mmHg to prevent barotrauma. All subjects underwent lactulose breath testing one month after the colonoscopy. The results of the breath tests were compared with the results of the pressures within the ICV during air insufflation. RESULTS: Nineteen subjects underwent colonoscopy with measurements of the ICV pressures after intubation of the ICV with a colonoscope. Initial baseline readings showed no statistical difference in the pressures of the TI and ICV, between subjects with positive lactulose breath tests and normal lactulose breath tests. The average peak ICV pressure during air insufflation into the cecum in subjects with normal lactu-lose breath tests was significantly higher than cecal pressures during air insufflation (49.33 ± 7.99 mmHg vs 16.40 ± 2.14 mmHg, P = 0.0011). The average percentage difference of the area under the pressure curve of the ICV from the cecum during air insufflations in subjects with normal lactulose breath tests was significantly higher (280.72% ± 43.29% vs 100% ± 0%, P = 0.0006). The average peak ICV pressure during air insufflation into the cecum in subjects with positive lactulose breath tests was not significantly different than cecal pressures during air insufflation 21.23 ± 3.52 mmHg vs 16.10 ± 3.39 mmHg. The average percentage difference of the area under the pressure curve of the ICV from the cecum during air insufflation was not significantly different 101.08% ± 7.96% vs 100% ± 0%. The total symptom score for subjects with normal lactulose breath tests and subjects with positive lactu-lose breath tests was not statistically different (13.30 ± 4.09 vs 24.14 ± 6.58). The ICV peak pressures during air insufflations were significantly higher in subjects with normal lactulose breath tests than in subjects with positive lactulose breath tests (P = 0.005). The average percent difference of the area under the pressure curve in the ICV from cecum was significantly higher in subjects with normal lactulose breath tests than in subjects with positive lactulose breath tests (P = 0.0012). Individuals with positive lactulose breath tests demonstrated symptom scores which were significantly higher for the following symptoms: not able to finish normal sized meal, feeling excessively full after meals, loss of appetite and bloating. CONCLUSION: Compared to normal, subjects with a positive lactulose breath test have a defective ICV cecal distension reflex. These subjects also more commonly have higher symptom scores. | Larry S Miller Anil K Vegesna Aiswerya Madanam Sampath Shital Prabhu Sesha Krishna Kotapati Kian Makipour | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，46： | 3 |
| 7 | Quality of life issues in men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: a review显示文摘雄激素剥夺治疗(ADT ) 是为治疗前列腺癌症(PCa ) 的一种必要治疗选择。为神经质的治疗的角色开始被限制为人与变形、不能实行,局部地先进的疾病。现在,它为外科和放射疗法被扩大了到 neoadjuvant 或辅助治疗,为在外科或放射以后的生物化学的恶化,并且为非变形的疾病弄平同样主要的治疗。对待的百分之五十个 PCa 病人将在某点收到 ADT。关于与更普遍的 ADT 使用联系的不利效果和费用正在种担心。生活(QoL ) 的质量上的不利效果,当人们是剥夺雄激素的时,包括物理、社会、心理的健康,可能可观。这评论在下列区域检验 QoL 问题:身体女性化,性变化,关系变化,认知、感情方面的症状,疲劳,睡觉骚乱,消沉和物理效果。推进建议因为减少这些改变的治疗学的途径被建议。 | Rowan G Casey Niall M Corcoran S Larry Goldenberg | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Effective- ness of Grass Strips to Filter Catfish Pond Effluent 显示文摘 | Ghate S R Gary J Burtle George Vellidis G Larry Newton | 1997 | Aquacultural Engineering1997，16，： | 2 |
| 9 | Disentangling the Incentive and Entrenchment Effects of Large Shareholders显示文摘 | Claessens s Djankov S Joseph P H Fan Larry H P Lang | 2002 | Journal of Finance2002，57，： | 1 |
| 10 | Suspension array technology:evolution of the flat-array paradigm显示文摘 | NOLAN LARRY A S | 2002 | Trends in Biotechnology2002，20，1： | 1 |
| 11 | TCP Vegas: End to end congestion avoidance on a global Internet 显示文摘 | BARKMO L S LARRY L | 1995 | IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications1995，13，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Frostfire:An experimental approach to predicting the climate feedbacks from the changing boreal fire regime显示文摘 | Larry D H Masami F David V S | 2003 | Journal of Geophysical Research2003，108，： | 1 |
| 13 | Evolution and game theory 显示文摘 | LARRY S | 2002 | Journal of Economic Perspectives2002，16，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Cross-layer Optimization for State Update in Mobile Gaming显示文摘 | Yu Yang Li Zhu Larry S | 2008 | IEEE Transactions on Multimedia2008，10，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Investigation of transformations in a southern California constructed wastewater treatment wetland显示文摘 | James J Sartoris Joan S Thullan Larry B Barber | 2000 | Ecological Engineering2000，，14： | 1 |
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| 17 | Cyclooxygenase - 2 is over - ex- pressed in Her - 2/neu - positive breast cancer - evidence for in- volvement of AP - 1 and PEA3 显示文摘 | Kotha S Larry N Gerald W | 2002 | J Biol Chem2002，277，18： | 1 |
| 18 | Relationships among Rat- ings, Production, Efficiency and the General Aptitude Test Battery Scales in an Industrial Setting 显示文摘 | Harry E Anderson S Larry R | 1973 | Journal of Ap- plied Psychology1973，，1： | 1 |
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