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| 1 | The clinical impact of bacterial biofilms显示文摘Bacteria survive in nature by forming biofilms on surfaces and probably most, if not all, bacteria (and fungi) are capable of forming biofilms. A biofilm is a structured consortium of bacteria embedded in a self-produced polymer matrix consisting of polysaccharide, protein and extracellular DNA. Bacterial biofilms are resistant to antibiotics, disinfectant chemicals and to phagocytosis and other components of the innate and adaptive inflammatory defense system of the body. It is known, for example, that persistence of staphylococcal infections related to foreign bodies is due to biofilm formation. Likewise, chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients are caused by biofilm growing mucoid strains. Gradients of nutrients and oxygen exist from the top to the bottom of biofilms and the bacterial cells located in nutrient poor areas have decreased metabolic activity and increased doubling times. These more or less dormant cells are therefore responsible for some of the tolerance to antibiotics. Biofilm growth is associated with an increased level of mutations. Bacteria in biofilms communicate by means of molecules, which activates certain genes responsible for production of virulence factors and, to some extent, biofilm structure. This phenomenon is called quorum sensing and depends upon the concentration of the quorum sensing molecules in a certain niche, which depends on the number of the bacteria. Biofilms can be prevented by antibiotic prophylaxis or early aggressive antibiotic therapy and they can be treated by chronic suppressive antibiotic therapy. Promising strategies may include the use of compounds which can dissolve the biofilm matrix and quorum sensing inhibitors, which increases biofilm susceptibility to antibiotics and phagocytosis. | Niels Hoiby Oana Ciofu Helle Krogh Johansen Zhi-jun Song Claus Moser Peter Ostrup Jenser Soren Molin Michael Givskov Tim Tolker-Nieisen Thomas Bjamsholt | 2011 | International Journal of Oral Science2011，3，2： | 48 |
| 2 | Evaluation of growth and reproduction as indicators of soil metal toxicity to the Collembolan, Sinella curviseta显示文摘实验室研究评估了 Sinella curviseta 布鲁克的敏感(Collembola:Entomobryidae ) 到选择重金属(Cu, Pb 和 Zn ) 。S 的幸存,复制和生长。curviseta 在与金属修改到 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600 和 3200 mg/kg 的集中的农业土壤的 4 星期的暴露测试被决定。结果在 Cu 和 Zn 的最高的集中(3200 mg/kg ) 在成年幸存和繁殖失败显示出减小。为 Cu 和 Zn 的 EC 50 繁殖 价值分别地是约 442 和 2760 mg/kg。Pb 的申请根本,层次与控制相比导致了大量子孙和没有重要死亡。成年生长率与控制相比为所有金属处理减少了,建议金属影响 S。在更慢的生长的 curviseta 新陈代谢和结果。我们证明复制比生长是一个稍微更敏感的参数。因为生长测试需要更少少年并且比繁殖测试花更少的时间,我们断定二个参数是补足的并且能被用于沾染物层次的更好的 ecotoxicological 评估。然而,在生长测试比繁殖测试作为更快的尚不致命的测试被接受以前,相对生长和繁殖敏感应该与更多的化学药品被测试。 | Jie Xu Xin Ke Paul Henning Krogh Yin Wang Yong-Ming Luo Jing Song | 2009 | Insect Science2009，16，1： | 8 |
| 3 | Brain changes in diabetes mellitus patients withgastrointestinal symptoms显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is a common disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. In various studies up to 30%-70% of patients present dysfunction and complications related to the gut. To date several clinical studies have demonstrated that autonomic nervous system neuropathy and generalized neuropathy of the central nervous system(CNS) may play a major role. This systematic review provides an overview of the neurodegenerative changes that occur as a consequence of diabetes with a focus on the CNS changes and gastrointestinal(GI) dysfunction. Animal models where diabetes was induced experimentally support that the disease induces changes in CNS. Recent investigations with electroencephalography and functional brain imaging in patients with diabetes confirm these structural and functional brain changes. Encephalographic studies demonstrated that altered insular processing of sensory stimuli seems to be a key player in symptom generation. In fact one study indicated that the more GI symptoms the patients experienced, the deeper the insular electrical source was located. The electroencephalography was often used in combination with quantitative sensory testingmainly showing hyposensitivity to stimulation of GI organs. Imaging studies on patients with diabetes and GI symptoms mainly showed microstructural changes,especially in brain areas involved in visceral sensory processing. As the electrophysiological and imaging changes were associated with GI and autonomic symptoms they may represent a future therapeutic target for treating diabetics either pharmacologically or with neuromodulation. | Anne M Drewes Eirik Søfteland Georg Dimcevski Adam D Farmer Christina Brock Jens B Frøkjær Klaus Krogh Asbjørn M Drewes | 2016 | World Journal of Diabetes2016，7，2： | 4 |
| 4 | Synthesis of feedback logic for a class of controlled Petri nets显示文摘 | Holloway L E KROGH B H | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 5 | 快速凝固富钛Ti-V合金的微观组织和储氢性能(英文)显示文摘研究目的在于优化Ti0.8-0.9V0.2-0.1二元合金的相结构成分、微观组织和储氢性能。该合金主要用于从含有大量一氧化碳的高温气态混合物中吸收氢气。Ti0.8-0.9V0.2-0.1合金中的α-(HCP)和β-(BCC)相在纯氢气中基于氢化作用,形成单相FCC结构的氢化物,此过程与合金的化学成分无关。同步辐射X射线衍射的原位分析表明,在含有氢气和10%一氧化碳的混合气体中,只有β相转变成相应的氢化物。快速凝固(RS)处理细化了Ti0.8V0.2和Ti0.9V0.1合金的晶粒组织,而且,快速凝固处理增加了Ti0.9V0.1合金中的β相,其所占比例是普通熔铸条件下的两倍。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明,Ti0.9V0.1合金含有片状组织,层片的厚度约为300nm。热脱附谱(TDS)显示,微观组织的细化可以加快氢脱附的动力学过程。 | Suwarno SUWARNO Jan Ketil SOLBERG Jan Petter MAEHLEN Bente KROGH Bφrre Tore BφRRESEN Esther OCHOA-FERNANDEZ Erling RYTTER Mario WILLIAMS Roman DENYS Volodymyr A.YARTYS | 2012 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2012，22，8： | 2 |
| 6 | 脊髓损伤后残存自主神经功能载录国际标准显示文摘近年来,脊髓损伤神经学分类园际标准(International Stand- ards for the Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury, ISNCSCI)被用来记载脊髓损伤后运动和感觉功能的损害,目前该标准已是第六版。1992年第一份国际认可的标准出版时,曾进行了较大的修订,修订内容包括完全性损伤与不完全性损伤的定义, | MS Alexander AB Jackson W Donovan DE Graves SL Elliott A Krassioukov AW Sheel I Estoresl B Green A Gousse NL Braekett D Cardenas M Kennelly A-K Karlason F Biering-Sorensen K Krogh T Linsenmeyer R Marino J Ditunno CJ Mathias I Perkash G Creasey G Schilero J Wecht B Schurch V Dietz J Sonksen S Stiens D Bodner LA Wuermser J-J Wyndaele 周谋望 刘楠 S Charlifue | 2010 | 中华物理医学与康复杂志2010，32，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the in vitro and in viuo biofilm mode of growth 显示文摘 | Hoiby N Krogh JH Moser C | 2001 | Microbes Infect2001，3，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model:Application to complete genomes显示文摘 | KROGH A LARSSON B HEIJNE G | 2001 | Journal of Molecular Biology2001，305，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Deciphering the biology of My cobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence 显示文摘 | Cole S T Brosch R Parkhill J Gamier T Churcher C Harris D Gordon S V Eiglmeier K Gas S Barry C E Tekaia F Badcock K Basham D Brown D Chillingworth T Cormor R Davies R Devlin K FeltweU T Gentles S Hamlin N Holroyd S Hornsby T Jagels K Kroghs A McLean J Moule S Murphy L Oliver K Osborne J Quail M A Rafandream M A Rogers J Rutter S Seeger K Skelton J Squaraes R Squares S Sulston J E Taylo K Whitehead S Barrell B G | 1998 | Nature1998，393，： | 1 |
| 10 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the in vitro and in vivo biofilm mode of growth 显示文摘 | Hoiby N Krogh J H Moser C | 2001 | Microbes Infect2001，3，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Leadership in organizational knowledge creation:A Review and Framework显示文摘 | Krogh G V Nonaka I Rechsteiner L | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 12 | The DEMO trial:a randomized,parallel-group,observer-blinded clinical trial of strength versus aerobic versus relaxation training for patients with mild to mod-erate depression显示文摘 | Krogh J Saltin B Gluud C | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 13 | Soil microbial toxicity of eight polycyclic aromatic compounds:Effects on nitrification,the genetic diversity of bacteria,and the total number of protozoans显示文摘 | Sverdrup L E Ekelund F Krogh P H | | 0，，08： | 1 |
| 14 | Extraction of teeth in the presence of acute infections显示文摘 | Krogh HW | 1951 | J Oral Surg Anesth Hosp Dent Serv1951，9，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: application to complete genomes显示文摘 | Krogh A Larsson B von Heijne G | 2001 | Journal of Molecular Biology2001，305，3： | 1 |
| 16 | European course on HPV associated pathology: Guidelines for primary care physicians for the diagnosis and management of anogenital warts显示文摘 | Krogh G Lacey CJ Gross G | 2000 | Sex Transm Infect2000，76，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Relative sensitivity of three terrestrial invertebrate tests to polycyclic aromatic compounds显示文摘 | Sverdrup L E Krogh P H Nielsen T | | 0，，09： | 1 |
| 18 | Learning with ensembles:how over-fitting csn be useful显示文摘 | Sollich P Krogh A | 1996 | Aduances in Neural infoumation Processing Systems1996，，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model:application to complete genomes显示文摘 | Krogh A Larsson B von Heijne G | 2001 | J Mol Biol2001，305，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Muhilayer High Gradient Insulator Technology 显示文摘 | Sampayan S E Krogh P A | 2000 | IEEE Trans Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation2000，7，3： | 1 |
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