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| 1 | Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality显示文摘Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink(referred to as terrestrial C sink) is an important way to slow down the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration and to achieve carbon neutrality target.To better understand the characteristics of terrestrial C sinks and their contribution to carbon neutrality,this review summarizes major progress in terrestrial C budget researches during the past decades,clarifies spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial C sources and sinks in China and around the world,and examines the role of terrestrial C sinks in achieving carbon neutrality target.According to recent studies,the global terrestrial C sink has been increasing from a source of (-0.2±0.9) Pg C yr^(-1)(1 Pg=1015g)in the 1960s to a sink of (1.9±1.1) Pg C yr^(-1) in the 2010s.By synthesizing the published data,we estimate terrestrial C sink of 0.20–0.25 Pg C yr^(-1) in China during the past decades,and predict it to be 0.15–0.52 Pg C yr^(-1) by 2060.The terrestrial C sinks are mainly located in the mid-and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,while tropical regions act as a weak C sink or source.The C balance differs much among ecosystem types:forest is the major C sink;shrubland,wetland and farmland soil act as C sinks;and whether the grassland functions as C sink or source remains unclear.Desert might be a C sink,but the magnitude and the associated mechanisms are still controversial.Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,nitrogen deposition,climate change,and land cover change are the main drivers of terrestrial C sinks,while other factors such as fires and aerosols would also affect ecosystem C balance.The driving factors of terrestrial C sink differ among regions.Elevated CO_(2) concentration and climate change are major drivers of the C sinks in North America and Europe,while afforestation and ecological restoration are additionally important forcing factors of terrestrial C sinks in China.For future studies,we recommend the necessity for intensive and long-term ecosystem C monitoring over broad geographic scale to improve terrestrial biosphere models for accurately evaluating terrestrial C budget and its dynamics under various climate change and policy scenarios. | Yuanhe Yang Yue Shi Wenjuan Sun Jinfeng Chang Jianxiao Zhu Leiyi Chen Xin Wang Yanpei Guo Hongtu Zhang Lingfei Yu Shuqing Zhao Kang Xu Jiangling Zhu Haihua Shen Yuanyuan Wang Yunfeng Peng Xia Zhao Xiangping Wang Huifeng Hu Shiping Chen Mei Huang Xuefa Wen Shaopeng Wang Biao Zhu Shuli Niu Zhiyao Tang Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，5： | 32 |
| 2 | Scenario analysis on the global carbon emissions reduction goal proposed in the declaration of the 2009 G8 Summit显示文摘A goal of a 50% reduction in global greenhouse gases emissions by 2050, with an 80% reduction by developed countries (hereafter referred to as the G8 Goal), was proposed at the G8 Summit held in L’Aquila, Italy, in July 2009. Here we analyze the scientific and political implications of the G8 Goal and its equity and feasibility by examining four greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Our results show that (1) the goal to keep atmospheric CO2 concentration of <450 ppmv, stated by G8 nations, can only be achieved under the scenario of a steady, linear emissions reduction by all countries and simultaneously meeting the G8 Goal during the period 2005-2050; (2) under the G8 Goal, the carbon emissions quota for developing countries would not meet their carbon emission demands even if very strict reduction regimes are followed, with a gap of up to >1/3 of emissions demand in the next 45 years; and (3) under the G8 Goal, the cumulative per capita emissions during the period of 2006-2050 for developed and developing countries will be 81 t C and 40-47 t C, respectively, with the former doubling that of the latter, implying that the historical disparity of carbon emissions between developed and developing countries would be widened. Historically, the cumulative per capita emissions from developed countries are 12 times of those from developing countries. We therefore conclude that (1) the G8 Goal seeks to impose binding reduction targets on developing countries that will impede their industrialization process and cause conflicts among developing countries in the allocation of carbon emission rights; (2) the G8 Goal will not only widen the existing disparities of historical carbon emissions between developed and developing countries, but also generate new inequalities in the rights of carbon emissions; and (3) the 450 ppmv threshold of atmospheric CO2 concentration control, which is the basis for the G8 Goal, is impractical and impossible, and should not be accepted as the foundation for international climate negotiation on carbon emission reduction. In summary, the G8 Goal is clearly against the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibilities' and thus is unacceptable for developing countries. | FANG JingYun WANG ShaoPeng YUE Chao ZHU JiangLing GUO ZhaoDi HE CanFei TANG ZhiYao | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，11： | 8 |
| 3 | Mechanism of vertical crack formation in Yb_(2)SiO_(5) coatings deposited via plasma spray-physical vapor deposition显示文摘Plasma spray-physical vapor deposition(i.e.,PS-PVD)is a promising method for obtaining advanced environmental barrier coatings(EBCs).The EBCs must meet some requirements in the application,in which the thermal cycle performance affects the service lifetime.The preparation of artificial vertical cracks in Yb_(2)SiO_(5) coatings is an effective approach for meeting the requirements above because vertical cracks provide a strain tolerance.To clarify the formation mechanism of vertical cracks during the PSPVD,the effects of coating thickness and substrate temperature on the formation of vertical cracks were investigated.In addition,the interactions of spray powder and plasma flame during coating deposition were also characterized by optical spectroscopy.It is indicated that vertical cracks are formed due to a thermal expansion mismatch between Yb_(2)SiO_(5) and mullite coating,transient cooling after deposition and the nucleation of evaporated Yb_(2)SiO_(5) as well. | Xiaofeng Zhang Chao Wang Ruijun Ye Chunming Deng Xinghua Liang Ziqian Deng Shaopeng Niu Jinbing Song Guo Liu Min Liu Kesong Zhou Jian Lu Junli Feng | 2020 | Journal of Materiomics2020，6，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Photo-Isomerization Energy Storage Using Azobenzene and Nanoscale Templates: A Topical Review显示文摘Azobenzene(AZO) has attached tremendous attention in the field of photo-isomerization energy storage due to its advantages of absorbing light in ultraviolet-visible range and reversible isomerization. However, the issues of low energy density and short half-lifetime restrict the further development of AZO. Therefore, a method, by preparing hybrid photo-isomerization energy storage materials using nanoscale templates, was proposed to handle the above two issues. In this paper, a summary of hybrid photo-isomerization energy storage materials with AZO and nanoscale templates is conducted from the aspects of templates, preparation methods, derivatives and applications. The performances of template candidates, i.e. carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and graphene(GO) are reviewed and compared based on the analysis of grafting density, energy density, and half-lifetime of hybrid materials. Then, two major preparation methods of AZO hybrid materials including non-covalent and covalent functionalizations are discussed. Furthermore, the studies on AZO derivatives functionalized on nanoscale templates are summarized to further point to the direction of derivatization towards high performance AZO-functionalized materials. Finally, due to the superiority of AZO hybrid solid-state films in large-scale utilization, their current applications are reviewed to find out some promising applications. | LI Shuwei WANG Hongqiang FANG Juan LIU Qibin WANG Jiangjiang GUO Shaopeng | 2020 | Journal of Thermal Science2020，29，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Kinetics of oxidation inhibition of sodium sulphite in wet flue gas desulfurization process显示文摘 | Guo Shaopeng Chen Xin Tong Ming | 2013 | Asian Journal of Chemistry2013，25，10： | 1 |
| 6 | Status of the IHEP 1.3 GHz superconducting RF program显示文摘The 1.3 GHz superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) technology is one of the key technologies for the ILC and future XFEL and ERL projects in China. With the aim to develop 1.3 GHz SRF technology, IHEP has started a program to build an SRF Accelerating Unit. This unit contains a 9-cell 1.3 GHz superconducting cavity, a short cryomodule, a high power input coupler, a tuner and a low level RF system. This program also includes the SRF laboratory upgrade, which will permit the unit to be built and tested at IHEP. The unit will be used for the 1.3 GHz SRF system integration study, high power horizontal test and possible beam test in the future. In this paper, we report the recent R&D status of this program. The first large grain low-loss shape 9-cell superconducting RF cavity made by IHEP reached 20 MV/m in the first vertical test in July, 2010. The prototype tuner and low level RF (LLRF) system are under test. The high power input coupler and cryomodule are under fabrication. Several key SRF facilities for 9-cell cavity surface treatment and pre-tuning were successfully commissioned and are in operation. | GAO Jie ZHAI JiYuan PAN WeiMing LI ShaoPeng SUN Yi DAI JianPing CHI YunLong LI ZhongQuan ZHAO TongXian HUANG TongMing MA Qiang GE Rui LI ChunHua GUO HaiSheng WANG GuangWei QIU Feng LIN HaiYing HOU Mi WANG QunYao | 2011 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2011，54，S2： | 1 |
| 7 | Electromagnetic Performance Analysis of Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Tubular Machine with Hybrid Cores显示文摘The performance of traditional flux switching permanent magnet tubular machine(FSPMTM)are improved by using new material and structure in this paper.The existing silicon steel sheet making for all mover cores or part of stator cores are replaced by soft magnetic composite(SMC)cores,and the lamination direction of the silicon steel sheet in stator cores have be changed.The eddy current loss of the machine with hybrid cores will be reduced greatly as the magnetic flux will not pass through the silicon steel sheet vertically.In order to reduce the influence of end effect,the unequal stator width design method is proposed.With the new design,the symmetry of the permanent magnet flux linkage has been improved greatly and the cogging force caused by the end effect has been reduced.Both 2-D and 3-D finite element methods(FEM)are applied for the quantitative analysis. | Shaopeng Wang Chengcheng Liu Youhua Wang Gang Lei Youguang Guo Jianguo Zhu | 2020 | CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems2020，4，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Development of a New Flux Switching Transverse Flux Machine with the Ability of Linear Motion显示文摘This paper proposes a new rotary flux switching transverse flux machine with the ability of linear motion(FSTFMaLM),in which both the stator and the rotor cores are made by using soft magnetic composite(SMC)materials.With the special design pattern,for the rotary motion model,the proposed machine can combine both the advantages of the flux switching permanent magnet machine(FSPMM)and the transverse flux machine(TFM).It can output with relatively high torque density,and as there is no windings or the magnets on the rotor cores,the proposed machine can operate in the high speed region to improve the output power.With the adoption of the SMC materials,the manufacturing of this machine can be quite easy.By stacking the rotor core together and prolong it with the determined length in the axial direction,in addition with the special control algorithm,the proposed machine can have the ability of the linear motion.In this paper,the operation principle of this machine has been explained and the design methods are also presented.To seek the better performance,the main dimension of the machine is optimized,and for the performance evaluation,the finite element method(FEM)is adopted.The proposed machine can be used for the electric driving systems,robotic systems or other applications where the linear motion ability is required. | Chengcheng Liu Shaopeng Wang Youhua Wang Gang Lei Youguang Guo Jianguo Zhu | 2018 | CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems2018，2，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Experimental investigation of three-dimensional propagation process from surface fault显示文摘Experimental study of the formation and propagation of three-dimensional (3D) faults is of great sig- nificance in the understanding of the propagation process developing from initial natural faults. In the study described in this paper, experimental investigations of 3D propagation processes of a type of surface fault are carried out under biaxial compression. The strain field near the surface fault is dy- namically measured and fully analyzed with a high-density Multi-Channel Digital Strain Gauge (MCDSG) and Digital Speckle Correlation Method (DSCM) based on the white-light image analysis. Simultane- ously the micro-fracture process involved in fault formation is observed by a 3D acoustic emission (AE) location system with a set of multi-channel whole-wave record equipment. The experimental results show that the 3D propagation process of surface fault differs greatly from that of the two-dimensional (2D) state and that a new more complicated type of 3D morphological characters and deformation mechanisms are produced. The 3D propagation process of surface faults may be divided into three stages: 1) the first stage of crack propagation initiated by wing cracks; 2) the conversion stage propa- gated by petal cracks; and 3) the second stage of crack propagation formed by shell-shaped fracture surface. The primary propagation patterns of the three stages are different. The corresponding defor- mation fields and micro-fracture distributions are likewise different. The fracture activities from petal cracks especially are of vital importance during surface fault propagation. This is also a key conversion state and marks an intrinsic difference between 2D-like and the 3D state in fault development. | LIU LiQiang LIU PeiXun WONG HonChu MA ShaoPeng GUO YanShuang | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Gas Characteristics of Pine Sawdust Catalyzed Pyrolysis by Additives显示文摘In order to effectively investigate the variation of gas production characteristics of biomass under normal-speed pyrolysis conditions,the gas production rate,gas production component yield and gas production calorific value of pine sawdust with adding Na_(2)CO_(3),CaO and Fe_(2)O_(3)were systematically analyzed.In the experiment,an improved tube furnace was used to research the pyrolysis process with the temperature from 350℃to 750℃.The results indicate that the gas yield rises with the increase of temperature without additives,reaching 19.59%at 750℃.The liquid yield reaches 59.38%at 450℃and then the yield change is small.CaO increases the calorific value of the pyrolysis product gas due to the adsorption of CO_(2).Na_(2)CO_(3)is fused with inorganic substances in the biomass to form a char skeleton structure.The effect of Fe2O3 on H2 is more obvious at higher temperature.Na_(2)CO_(3)has the most obvious effect on the pyrolysis of pine sawdust among the discussed additives,which effectively promotes the production of H_(2). | YU Dongling JIN Guang PANG Yunji CHEN Yisheng GUO Shaopeng SHEN Shengqiang | 2021 | Journal of Thermal Science2021，30，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of a Low-Cost,Recycled and Energy-Efficient Solar Air Heater with Waste Beverage Cans:An Experimental Research显示文摘Solar air heaters are at the centre of interest owing to their widespread use for various purposes.In the study,thermal performance analysis of a solar air heater that can be easily produced from daily waste materials is done.The system has a low-cost structure with both waste material use and a simple design.The proposed system is tested under different climatic conditions,and the energetic and the exergetic performance figures are obtained for the first time in literature.It is observed from the experimental tests that the results are stable and coherent as well as in good accordance with the similar attempts in literature with some cost reductions and performance improvements.Thermodynamic performance analyses indicate that the maximum energy efficiency of the system is about 21%,whereas the exergy efficiency is 1.8%.The energetic and exergetic outputs of the system are also determined to be 27 W and 3 W,respectively,which is promising. | Pinar Mert CUCE Abhishek SAXENA Erdem CUCE Yusuf Nadir YILMAZ Saboor SHAIK GUO Shaopeng | 2023 | Journal of Thermal Science2023，32，4： | 0 |
| 12 | Dynamically modulated synthesis of hollow metal-organic frameworks for selective hydrogenation reactions显示文摘Hollow metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted increasing attention in the field of catalysis in recent years due to their unique cavity structure with fast mass-diffusion rates and easily accessible active sites.Here,we report the use of dynamic modulators,which are formed by the in-situ imine condensation reaction of 4-aminobenzoic acid and 4-formylbenzoic acid,to regulate the growth of MOFs to synthesize well-defined hollow thioether functionalized UiO-67(denoted as H-UiO-67-S)single crystals.After supporting Pd nanoparticles,the designed catalysts Pd@H-UiO-67-S show excellent conversion(>99.9%),selectivity(>99.9%),and stability(10 cycles)in the selective hydrogenation of nitrobenzenes with other reducible groups.Density functional theory calculations and the experimental results reveal that Pd nanoparticles not only selectively adsorb the nitro-groups on nitrobenzene,but also restrict the adsorption of the aniline product,due to the interaction of thioether with Pd in the confined pores of H-UiO-67-S,finally result in a significant increase in selectivity of nitro-hydrogenation. | Liyun Xiao Chuanqi Cheng Zhixi Li Chaoyang Zheng Jing Du Meina Song Yue Wan Shaopeng Li Guo Jun Meiting Zhao | 2023 | Nano Research2023，16，8： | 0 |
| 13 | Effect of Encapsulation Combined with Microwave Heating on Self-Healing Performance of Asphalt Mixture显示文摘As an innovative maintenance technology of asphalt pavement,encapsulated rejuvenator used to improve its self-healing performance has been widely investigated by researchers in recent years.In this work,the selfhealing properties of asphalt mixture with and without encapsulations were comparatively studied considering these parameters:Healing time,healing cycles and microwave heating.Three-point bending strength recovery test and fatigue loading cycles recovery test were conducted for two kinds of encapsulations containing the healing agents present inside the asphalt mixture,namely compartmented Ca-alginate/SiO_(2) fiber and compartmented Ca-alginate/graphene oxide fiber.The results showed that the optimum healing time was three days.After the 30 s of microwave heating,the recovery of fatigue loading cycles of asphalt mixture with compartmented Ca-alginate/graphene oxide fiber was four times larger than that of control asphalt mixture.Compared with the single effect related to the encapsulated healing agent or temperature,the synergistic effect of temperature and encapsulation could further significantly improve the self-healing properties of asphalt mixture.The compartmented Ca-alginate/graphene oxide fiber not only could soften asphalt through the encapsulated healing agent to improve self-healing properties of asphalt,but also could repeatedly and quickly heal cracks thanks to microwave action.The synthesis of the fiber breaks the current boundary between the two technologies(capsules healing method and induction healing method)and opens up a new horizon for the asphalt self-healing technology. | Benan Shu Lixian Guo Bing Qiu Tengyu Yang Tao Sun Wenjun Qiu Min Zhou Putao Song Yuanyuan Li Diego Maria Barbieri Shaopeng Wu | 2021 | Journal of Renewable Materials2021，9，10： | 0 |
| 14 | Different mechanisms underlie similar species-area relationships in two tropical archipelagoes显示文摘Despite much research in the field of island biogeography,mechanisms regulating insular diversity remain elusive.Here,we aim to explore mechanisms underlying plant species-area relationships in two tropical archipelagoes in the South China Sea.We found positive plant species-area relationships for both coral and continental archipelagoes.However,our results showed that different mechanisms contributed to similar plant species-area relationships between the two archipelagoes.For coral islands,soil nutrients and spatial distance among communities played major roles in shaping plant community structure and species diversity.By contrast,the direct effect of island area,and to a lesser extent,soil nutrients determined plant species richness on continental islands.Intriguingly,increasing soil nutrients availability(N,P,K)had opposite effects on plant diversity between the two archipelagoes.In summary,the habitat quality effect and dispersal limitation are important for regulating plant diversity on coral islands,whereas the passive sampling effect,and to a lesser extent,the habitat quality effect are important for regulating plant diversity on continental islands.More generally,our findings indicate that island plant species-area relationships are outcomes of the interplay of both niche and neutral processes,but the driving mechanisms behind these relationships depends on the type of islands. | Shengchun Li Tieyao Tu Shaopeng Li Xian Yang Yong Zheng Liang-Dong Guo Dianxiang Zhang Lin Jiang | 2024 | Plant Diversity2024，46，2： | 0 |
| 15 | Nonscalability of Fractal Dimension to Quantify Canopy Structural Complexity from Individual Trees to Forest Stands显示文摘Canopy structural complexity is a critical emergent forest attribute,and light detection and ranging(lidar)-based fractal dimension has been recognized as its powerful measure at the individual tree level.However,the current lidar-based estimation method is highly sensitive to data characteristics,and its scalability from individual trees to forest stands remains unclear.This study proposed an improved method to estimate fractal dimension from lidar data by considering Shannon entropy,and evaluated its scalability from individual trees to forest stands through mathematical derivations.Moreover,a total of 280 forest stand scenes simulated from the terrestrial lidar data of 115 trees spanning large variability in canopy structural complexity were used to evaluate the robustness of the proposed method and the scalability of fractal dimension.The results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the robustness of lidar-derived fractal dimensions.Both mathematical derivations and experimental analyses demonstrate that the fractal dimension of a forest stand is equal to that of the tree with the largest fractal dimension in it,manifesting its nonscalability from individual trees to forest stands.The nonscalability of fractal dimension reveals its limited capability in canopy structural complexity quantification and indicates that the power-law scaling theory of a forest stand underlying fractal geometry is determined by its dominant tree instead of the entire community.Nevertheless,we believe that fractal dimension is still a useful indicator of canopy structural complexity at the individual tree level and might be used along with other stand-level indexes to reflect the“tree-to-stand”correlation of canopy structural complexity. | Xiaoqiang Liu Qin Ma Xiaoyong Wu Tianyu Hu Guanhua Dai Jin Wu Shengli Tao Shaopeng Wang Lingli Liu Qinghua Guo Yanjun Su | 2022 | Journal of Remote Sensing2022，，1： | 0 |
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