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| 1 | Optimizing bio-physical conditions and pre-treatment options for breaking lignin barrier of maize stover feed using white rot fungi显示文摘The greatest limitation to utilization of maize stover by ruminants as a feed is the high concentration of lignin, which limits fibre digestibility. However, ruminants can effectively utilize maize stover if its nutritive value is improved using white rot fungal species. This study was designed to determine optimal biophysical conditions for mycelial growth and select the most ideal fungal species and pre-treatment options for improving nutritive value of maize stover. Four popular edible Pleurotus fungal species(viz.Pleurotus florida,Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus sajor caju and Pleurotus pulmonarius) were subjected to varying temperatures, pH levels, hydrogen peroxide(H_2 O_2) concentration and illumination to establish the extent of mycelial growth rate.Inclusion of H_2 O_2 was used to determine optimal levels for preservation and prevention of contamination from other indigenous microbiota. Effects of pre-treatment options on chemical composition and nutritive value of maize stover were also examined. Mycelial growth rate of Pleurotus species on potato dextrose agar(PDA) varied(P < 0.05) with temperature, pH level and H_2 O_2 concentration following a quadratic trend. Optimal temperature, pH and H_2 O_2 concentration for mycelial growth on PDA were 25 ℃,5 and 0.01 mL/L, respectively. Under the different bio-physical conditions,P. sajor caju had the highest mycelia density and growth rate. Chemical composition of solid-state fermented maize stover differed(P < 0.05) among the Pleurotus species. Maize stover fermented with P. sajor caju had the highest crude protein(CP) of 86.6 g/kg DM, in-vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) of 731 g/kg DM, in-vitro organic matter digestibility(IVOMD) of 670.4 g/kg DM and metabolizable energy(ME) of10.0 MJ/kg DM but with the lowest lignin(sa) of 50 g/kg DM. At 25℃, P. sajor caju had the highest mycelial growth rate on PDA and highest lignin(sa) breakdown in the maize stover substrate. It was, therefore,selected as the most ideal fungal species for improving nutritive value of maize stover. Pre-treatment of maize stover with Lactobacillus plantarum and molasses under anaerobic condition for 7 days before inoculation with P. sajor caju resulted into a substrate with the highest(P< 0.05) CP(96.6 g/kg DM), IVDMD(752.3 g/kg DM), IVOMD(687.2 g/kg DM) and ME(10.2 MJ/kg DM). However, neutral detergent fiber exclusive of residual ash(NDFom) and lignin(sa) fractions decreased(P < 0.05) as a result of subjecting maize stover to pre-treatment with L. plantarum and molasses prior to fermentation with P. sajor caju.Therefore, pre-treatment of maize stover with L. plantarum and molasses for 7 days prior to fermentation with P. sajorcaju for 14 days in darkness at 25℃ offered the greatest potential for breaking the lignin barrier. | Andrew M. Atuhaire Fred Kabi Samuel Okello Swidiq Mugerwa Cyprian Ebong | 2016 | Animal Nutrition2016，，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Combination immunotherapy with soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors plus interleukin 1 receptor antagonist decreases sepsis mortality显示文摘 | Daniel G. Remick Douglas R. Call Samuel J. Ebong David E. Newcomb Pia Nybom Jean A. Nemzek Gerald E. Bolgos | 2001 | Critical Care Medicine2001，，： | 2 |
| 3 | Effects of piperine on gastric acid secretion in albino rats显示文摘 | Ononiwu IM Ibeneme CE Ebong OO | 2002 | Afr J Med Med Sci2002，31，： | 1 |
| 4 | Advanced buried contact solar cell structure显示文摘 | Cho Y Ebong A Cho E | 1997 | Solar Enrgy Materials and Solar Cells1997，48，： | 1 |
| 5 | Immunopathologic alterations in murine models of sepsis of increasing severity显示文摘 | Ebong S Call D Nemzek J | 1999 | Infect hnmun1999，67，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Combination immunotherapywith soluble tulnor necrosis factor receptors plus interleukin 1 receptor antagonist decreases sepsis mortality显示文摘 | Remick DG Call DR Ebong SJ | 2001 | Crit Care Med2001，29，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Imaging the endothelial glycocalyx in vitro by rapid freezing/freeze substitution transmission electron microscopy显示文摘 | Ebong EE Macaluso FP Spray DC | | 0，，08： | 1 |
| 8 | Cell proliferation and STAT6 pathways are negatively regulated in T cells by STAT1 and suppressors of cytokin e signaling显示文摘 | YU C R MAHDI R M EBONG S | 2004 | Journal of Immunology2004，173，2： | 1 |
| 9 | CMOS and memristor-based显示文摘 | Ebong I E and Mazumder P | 2012 | Proceedings of the IEEE2012，100，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Device and circuit modeling of GaN/InGaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) for optimum current spreading显示文摘 | EBONG A ARTHUR S DOWNEY E | 2003 | SSE2003，47，： | 1 |
| 11 | High-efficiency ( 19% ) screen-printed textured cells on low-resistivity float-zone silicon with high sheet-resistance Emitters 显示文摘 | HILALIM M NAKAYASHIKI K EBONG A | 2006 | Prog Photovolt: Res Appl2006，14，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Immunopathologic alterations in routine models of sepsis of increasing severity 显示文摘 | Ebong S Call D Nemzek J | 1999 | Infect Im- mun1999，67，66： | 1 |
| 13 | Nanoscale memristor device as synapse in neuromorphic systems显示文摘 | JO S H CHANG T EBONG I | 2010 | Nano Letters2010，10，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Ratio of local to systemic chemokine concentrations regulates neutrophil recruitment显示文摘 | CALL D R NEMZEK J A EBONG S J | 2001 | Am J Pathol2001，158，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Combination immunotherapy with soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors plus interleukin 1 receptor antagonist decreases sepsis mortality显示文摘 | REMICK D G CALL D R EBONG S J | 2001 | Crit Care Med2001，29，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3regulates proliferation and activation of T-helper cells显示文摘 | Yu C-R Mahdi RM Ebong S | 2003 | J Biol Chem2003，278，29： | 1 |
| 17 | Combination immunotherapy with soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors plus interleukin 1 receptor antagonist decreases sepsis mortality 显示文摘 | Remick DG Call DR Ebong S J | 2001 | Crit Care Med2001，29，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Activation of STAT signaling pathways and induction of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in mammalian lens by growth factors显示文摘 | Ebong S Yu CR Carper DA | 2004 | Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci2004，45，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Nano-scale memristor device as synapse in neuromorphic systems显示文摘 | Jo S H Chang T Ebong I | 2010 | Nano Let- ters2010，10，： | 1 |
| 20 | Combination im-munotherapy with soluble tumor nectosis factor receptors plus interleukin-1 receptor antagonist decreases sepsis mortality显示文摘 | REMICK D G CALL D R EBONG S J | 2001 | Crit CareMed2001，110，1： | 1 |
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