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| 1 | Molecular evolution and functional divergence of HAK potassium transporter gene family in rice(Oryza sativa L.)显示文摘The high-affinity K+(HAK) transporter gene family is the largest family in plant that functions as potassium transporter and is impor-tant for various aspects of plant life.In the present study,we identified 27 members of this family in rice genome.The phylogenetic tree divided the land plant HAK transporter proteins into 6 distinct groups.Although the main characteristic of this family was established before the origin of seed plants,they also showed some differences between the members of non-seed and seed plants.The HAK genes in rice were found to have expanded in lineage-specific manner after the split of monocots and dicots,and both segmental duplication events and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of this family.Functional divergence analysis for this family provided statis-tical evidence for shifted evolutionary rate after gene duplication.Further analysis indicated that both point mutant with positive selection and gene conversion events contributed to the evolution of this family in rice. | Zefeng Yang Qingsong Gao Changsen Sun Wenjuan Li Shiliang Gu Chenwu Xu | 2009 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2009，36，3： | 21 |
| 2 | DATA PROCESSING FOR GPS PRECISE POINT POSITIONING显示文摘In the data processing of the precise point positioning (PPP), the un-difference method is commonly used. However, GPS measurements can be differenced with satellites or different observation epochs. In theory,these differencing approaches should be mathematically equivalent. The positioning performance of different PPP data models, including un-difference (UD), satellite difference (SD), time difference (TD) and time-satellite difference (TSD), is examined using the 24 h GPS observation. The positioning accuracy, convergence of ambiguity, and tropspheric delay estimation with these four models are compared with each other. | HUCong-wei CHENWu GAOShah CHENYong-qi DINGXiao-li | 2005 | Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2005，22，2： | 18 |
| 3 | A study on performance influences of airfoil aerodynamic parameters and evaluation indicators for the roughness sensitivity on wind turbine blade显示文摘The roughness increase on horizontal axis wind turbine(HAWT) blade surface,especially on the leading edge,can lead to an aerodynamic performance degradation of blade and power output loss of HAWT,so roughness sensitivity is an important factor for the HAWT blade design.However,there is no criterion for evaluating roughness sensitivity of blade currently.In this paper,the performance influences of airfoil aerodynamic parameters were analyzed by the blade element momentum(BEM) method and 1.5 MW wind turbine blade.It showed that airfoil lift coefficient was the key parameter to the power output and axial thrust of HAWT.Moreover,the evaluation indicators of roughness sensitivity for the different spanwise airfoils of the pitch-regulated HAWT blade were proposed.Those respectively were the lift-to-drag ratio and lift coefficient without feedback system,the maximum lift-to-drag ratio and design lift coefficient with feedback system for the airfoils at outboard section of blade,and lift coefficient without feedback,maximum lift coefficient with feedback for the airfoils at other sections under the pitch-fixed and variable-speed operation.It is not necessary to consider the roughness when HWAT can be regulated to the rated power output by the pitch-regulated and invariable-speed operation. | HUANG ChenWu YANG Ke LIU Qiang ZHANG Lei BAI JingYan XU JianZhong | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，11： | 13 |
| 4 | Genomic selection methods for crop improvement:Current status and prospects显示文摘With marker and phenotype information from observed populations, genomic selection(GS) can be used to establish associations between markers and phenotypes. It aims to use genome-wide markers to estimate the effects of all loci and thereby predict the genetic values of untested populations, so as to achieve more comprehensive and reliable selection and to accelerate genetic progress in crop breeding. GS models usually face the problem that the number of markers is much higher than the number of phenotypic observations.To overcome this issue and improve prediction accuracy, many models and algorithms,including GBLUP, Bayes, and machine learning have been employed for GS. As hot issues in GS research, the estimation of non-additive genetic effects and the combined analysis of multiple traits or multiple environments are also important for improving the accuracy of prediction. In recent years, crop breeding has taken advantage of the development of GS.The principles and characteristics of current popular GS methods and research progress in these methods for crop improvement are reviewed in this paper. | Xin Wang Yang Xu Zhongli Hu Chenwu Xu | 2018 | The Crop Journal2018，6，4： | 12 |
| 5 | A new statistical method for mapping QTLs underlying endosperm traits显示文摘Genetic expression for an endosperm trait in seeds of cereal crops may be controlled simultaneously by the triploid endosperm genotypes and the diploid maternal genotypes. However, current statistical methods for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying endosperm traits have not been effective in dealing with the putative maternal genetic effects. Combining the quantitative genetic model for diploid maternal traits with triploid endosperm traits, here we propose a new statistical method for mapping QTLs con- trolling endosperm traits with maternal genetic effects. This method applies the data set of both DNA molecular marker genotypes of each plant in segregation population and the quantitative observations of single endosperms in each plant to map QTL. The maximum likelihood method implemented via the expectation-maximization algorithm was used to the estimate parameters of a putative QTL. Since this method involves the maternal effect that may contribute to en- dosperm traits, it might be more congruent with the genetics of endosperm traits and more helpful to increasing the preci- sion of QTL mapping. The simulation results show the pro- posed method provides accurate estimates of the QTL effects and locations with high statistical power. | HU Zhiqiu XU Chenwu | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，14： | 8 |
| 6 | Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in crops显示文摘Dissecting the genetic architecture of complex traits is an ongoing challenge for geneticists.Two complementary approaches for genetic mapping,linkage mapping and association mapping have led to successful dissection of complex traits in many crop species.Both of these methods detect quantitative trait loci(QTL) by identifying marker–trait associations,and the only fundamental difference between them is that between mapping populations,which directly determine mapping resolution and power.Based on this difference,we first summarize in this review the advances and limitations of family-based mapping and natural population-based mapping instead of linkage mapping and association mapping.We then describe statistical methods used for improving detection power and computational speed and outline emerging areas such as large-scale meta-analysis for genetic mapping in crops.In the era of next-generation sequencing,there has arisen an urgent need for proper population design,advanced statistical strategies,and precision phenotyping to fully exploit high-throughput genotyping. | Yang Xu Pengcheng Li Zefeng Yang Chenwu Xu | 2017 | The Crop Journal2017，5，2： | 7 |
| 7 | Genomic selection: A breakthrough technology in rice breeding显示文摘Rice(Oryza sativa)provides a staple food source for more than half the world population.However,the current pace of rice breeding in yield growth is insufficient to meet the food demand of the everincreasing global population.Genomic selection(GS)holds a great potential to accelerate breeding progress and is cost-effective via early selection before phenotypes are measured.Previous simulation and experimental studies have demonstrated the usefulness of GS in rice breeding.However,several affecting factors and limitations require careful consideration when performing GS.In this review,we summarize the major genetics and statistical factors affecting predictive performance as well as current progress in the application of GS to rice breeding.We also highlight effective strategies to increase the predictive ability of various models,including GS models incorporating functional markers,genotype by environment interactions,multiple traits,selection index,and multiple omic data.Finally,we envision that integrating GS with other advanced breeding technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles and open-source breeding platforms will further improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of breeding. | Yang Xu Kexin Ma Yue Zhao Xin Wang Kai Zhou Guangning Yu Cheng Li Pengcheng Li Zefeng Yang Chenwu Xu Shizhong Xu | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，3： | 7 |
| 8 | Interface delamination of the thermal barrier coating subjected to local heating显示文摘To investigate the possible failure modes of the thermal barrier coating (TBC) used to protect the scramjet combustion chamber, the local heating via laser beam irradiation was utilized to simulate the service condition of high thermal flux and high temperature gradient. Firstly, the experimental method and process were described and the typical fracture morphology of the TBC under test were provided. Then, the theoretical and finite element modeling were carried out to study the temperature, deformation and stresses of the specimen when the top ceramic coat was subjected to local heating, and to demonstrate the mechanism on the failure of the TBC. It is revealed that the interface delamination shall appear and ultimately lead to the failure of the TBC under such thermal loading of local quick heating. According to the outcome of this study, the driving force of the interface delamination is influenced greatly by the key structural parameters and performance matching. Moreover, by utilizing the rules of the effects of these parameters on the fracture driving force, there is some possibility for the designer to optimize the performances of the TBC. | WU ChenWu, HUANG ChenGuang & CHEN GuangNan Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，12： | 7 |
| 9 | MULTI-FUNCTION VEHICLE NAVIGATION AND MONITORING SYSTEM IN URBAN AREAS显示文摘A vehicle navigation and monitoring system integrated by a high precision navigation system and a vehicle black box is studied to satisfy the demand for the intelligent transportation system (ITS). Firstly, the architecture of the system is proposed. Then the integration scheme of global positioning system/dead reckoning/bluetooth beacon/map matching (GPS/DR/BB/MM) with the hluetooth assistant positioning technology, and the algorithm of the Kalman filter for the integrated GPS/DR are investigated. Finally many field trials for principle prototypes are made. Experimental results show that the proposed integrated navigation algorithm is effective and feasible, and the function of the vehicle black-box is realized. | SHENXue-song LIUJian-ye SUNYong-rong CHENWu | 2005 | Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2005，22，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Using genomic data to improve the estimation of general combining ability based on sparse partial diallel cross designs in maize显示文摘Evaluation of general combining ability(GCA)is crucial to hybrid breeding in maize.Although the complete diallel cross design can provide an efficient estimation,sparse partial diallel cross(SPDC)is more flexible in breeding practice.Using real and simulated data sets of partial diallel crosses between 266 maize inbred lines,this study investigated the performance of SPDC designs for estimating the GCA.With different distributions of parental lines involved in crossing(called random,balanced and unbalanced samplings),different numbers of hybrids were sampled as the training sets to estimate the GCA of the 266 inbred lines.In this process,three statistical approaches were applied.One obtained estimations through the ordinary least square(OLS)method,and the other two utilized genomic prediction(GP)to estimate the GCA.It was found that the coefficient of determination of each approach was always higher than the heritability of a target trait,showing that the GCA for maize inbred lines could be accurately predicted with SPDC designs.Both the GP approaches were more accurate than the OLS,particularly in the scenario for a low-heritability trait with a small sample size.Additionally,prediction results demonstrated that a big sample of hybrids could greatly help improve the accuracy.The random sampling of parental lines had little influence on the average accuracy.However,the prediction for lines that never or seldom involved in crossing might suffer from much lower accuracy. | Xin Wang Zhenliang Zhang Yang Xu Pengchen Li Xuecai Zhang Chenwu Xu | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，5： | 4 |
| 11 | Framework for dissection of complex cytonuclear epistasis by a two-dimensional genome scan显示文摘Epistasis between cytoplasmic and nuclear genes is the primary genetic component of complex quantitative traits.Genetic dissection of cytonuclear epistasis is fundamentally important to understand the genetic architecture of complex traits.In this study,a two-dimensional genome scan strategy was employed to evaluate the contribution of cytoplasm,quantitative trait loci (QTL),QTL×QTL interactions and QTL×QTL×cytoplasm interactions to the phenotypic variation.The p-value and parameter value for each genetic effect were calculated by multiple regression analysis.A stepwise approach was suggested to build confidence in candidate QTL on the basis of q-value estimation,false discovery rate calculation and Bonferroni adjustment.A fine-scale grid scan strategy was proposed for further analysis of peaks of interest.Plant height in maize was used as an example to illustrate the efficiency of the two-dimensional genome scan strategy. | TANG ZaiXiang HU ZhiQiu YANG ZeFeng YU Bo XU ChenWu | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，21： | 3 |
| 12 | IONOSPHERIC CORRECTION METHOD FOR PRECISE POSITIONING WITH GPS ACTIVE NETWORK显示文摘The ionospheric delay error is a major error source which degrades the positioning accuracy in network real time kinematic (RTK) positioning over a long distance. Different approaches are proposed to estimate GPS errors based on GPS reference network, such as virtual reference stations (VRSs) and network corrections. A new method is used to model the ionospheric total electronic content (TEC) distribution in space. Unlike most ionospheric models, only the ionospheric delays along the satellite tracks are modelled. Therefore, the models are of high precise resolution of the ionospheric TEC distribution in both spatial and temporal scales. A new algorithm is used to solve the equation singularity problem. Experiments demonstrate that the new ionospheric correction method can be used to describe the ionospheric variation at a low latitude area where ionospheric activities are strong. Also, the accuracy of the ionospheric model is enough to support centimeter-level positioning within the network. As ionospheric models are satellite-based models (each satellite has one model), the model parameters can be easily incorporated with the existing differential GPS Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Service (DGPS RTCM) 104 format. | GAOShan CHENWu HUCong-wei CHENYong-qi DINGXiao-li | 2005 | Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2005，22，2： | 3 |
| 13 | A multivariate partial least squares approach to joint association analysis for multiple correlated traits显示文摘Many complex traits are highly correlated rather than independent. By taking the correlation structure of multiple traits into account, joint association analyses can achieve both higher statistical power and more accurate estimation. To develop a statistical approach to joint association analysis that includes allele detection and genetic effect estimation, we combined multivariate partial least squares regression with variable selection strategies and selected the optimal model using the Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC). We then performed extensive simulations under varying heritabilities and sample sizes to compare the performance achieved using our method with those obtained by single-trait multilocus methods. Joint association analysis has measurable advantages over single-trait methods, as it exhibits superior gene detection power, especially for pleiotropic genes. Sample size, heritability,polymorphic information content(PIC), and magnitude of gene effects influence the statistical power, accuracy and precision of effect estimation by the joint association analysis. | Yang Xu Wenming Hu Zefeng Yang Chenwu Xu | 2016 | The Crop Journal2016，4，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Genetic analysis and gene cloning of a triangular hull 1 (tri1) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.)显示文摘Grain shape and size are two key factors that determine rice yield and quality. In the present study, a rice triangular hull mutant (tri1) was obtained from the progeny of japonica rice variety Taipei 309 treated with 60Co γ-rays. Compared to the wild type, the tri1 mutant presents a triangular hull, and exhibits an increase in grain thickness and protein content, but with a slight decrease in plant height and grain weight. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene which is stably inherited. Using a map-based cloning strategy, we fine-mapped tri1 to a 47-kb region between the molecular markers CHR0122 and CHR0127 on the long arm of chromosome 1, and showed that it co-segregates with the molecular marker CHR0119. According to the rice genome sequence annotation there are six predicated genes within the mapped region. Sequencing analysis of the mutant and the wild type indicated that there was a deletion of an A nucleotide in exon 3 of the OsMADS32 gene, which could result in a downstream frameshift mutation and premature termination of the predicted polypeptide. Both semi-quantitative and real-time RT-PCR analyses showed that this gene expressed highly in young inflorescences, while expressed at very low levels in other tissues. These results implied that the OsMADS32 gene could be a candidate of TRI1. Taken together, the results of this study lay the foundation for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms regulating rice caryopsis development. | FENG GongNeng ZHANG ChangQuan TANG MingYong ZHANG GuiYun XU ChenWu GU MingHong LIU QiaoQuan | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，24： | 2 |
| 15 | Bin-based model construction and analytical strategies for dissecting complex traits with chromosome segment substitution lines显示文摘Chromosome segment substitution lines have been created in several experimental models,including many plant and animal species,and are useful tools for the genetic analysis and mapping of complex traits.The traditional t-test is usually applied to identify a quantitative trait locus (QTL) that is contained within a chromosome segment to estimate the QTL's effect.However,current methods cannot uncover the entire genetic structure of complex traits.For example,current methods cannot distinguish between main effects and epistatic effects.In this paper,a linear epistatic model was constructed to dissect complex traits.First,all the long substituted segments were divided into overlapping small bins,and each small bin was considered a unique independent variable.The genetic model for complex traits was then constructed.When considering all the possible main effects and epistatic effects,the dimensions of the linear model can become extremely high.Therefore,variable selection via stepwise regression (Bin-REG) was proposed for the epistatic QTL analysis in the present study.Furthermore,we tested the feasibility of using the LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) algorithm to estimate epistatic effects,examined the fully Bayesian SSVS (stochastic search variable selection) approach,tested the empirical Bayes (E-BAYES) method,and evaluated the penalized likelihood (PENAL) method for mapping epistatic QTLs.Simulation studies suggested that all of the above methods,excluding the LASSO and PENAL approaches,performed satisfactorily.The Bin-REG method appears to outperform all other methods in terms of estimating positions and effects. | TANG ZaiXiang XIAO Jing HU WenMing YU Bo XU ChenWu | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，21： | 1 |
| 16 | Modeling of underwater bomb trajectory for ine clearance 显示文摘 | Chu P C Bushnell J M Fan Chenwu | 2010 | Original Article2010，12，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Multi-environment QTL mapping of crown root traits in a maize RIL population显示文摘Crown root traits,including crown root angle(CRA),diameter(CRD),and number(CRN),are major determining factors of root system architecture,which influences crop production.In maize,the genetic mechanisms determining crown root traits in the field are largely unknown.CRA,CRD,and CRN were evaluated in a recombinant inbred line population in three field trials.High phenotypic variation was observed for crown root traits,and all measured traits showed significant genotype–environment interactions.Singleenvironment(SEA)and multi-environment(MEA)quantitative trait locus(QTL)analyses were conducted for CRA,CRD,and CRN.Of 46 QTL detected by SEA,most explained less than 10%of the phenotypic variation,indicating that a large number of minor-effect QTL contributed to the genetic component of these traits.MEA detected 25 QTL associated with CRA,CRD,and CRN,and 2 and 1 QTL were identified with significant QTL-by-environment interaction effects for CRA and CRD,respectively.A total of 26.1%(12/46)of the QTL identified by SEA were also detected by MEA,with many being detected in more than one environment.These findings contribute to our understanding of the phenotypic and genotypic patterns of crown root traits in different environments.The identified environment-specific QTL and stable QTL may be used to improve root traits in maize breeding. | Pengcheng Li Yingying Fana Shuangyi Yina Yunyun Wanga Houmiao Wang Yang Xu Zefeng Yang Chenwu Xu | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Response of the South China Sea to tropical cyclone Emie 1996显示文摘 | Chu P C Veneziano J M Fan Chenwu | 2000 | J Geophys Res2000，105，13： | 1 |
| 19 | A Three-Point Sixth-Order Nonuniform Combined Compact Difference Scheme显示文摘 | PETER C CHU CHENWU FAN | 1999 | Journal of Computational Physics1999，148，2： | 1 |
| 20 | A real-time vision system for nighttime vehicle detection and traffic surveillance显示文摘 | Huang Chenwu | 2011 | IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics2011，58，5： | 1 |
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