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| 1 | Liver fat content determined by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy显示文摘Hepatic steatosis as the most prevalent liver disorder can either be related to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In both conditions, hepatocytes excessively accumulate fatcontaining vacuoles within their cytoplasm, which is the key histological feature. In contrast to ALD, NAFLD is commonly associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity and insulin resistance. To determine increased liver fat content, liver biopsy is currently considered the gold standard. Besides the invasive technique, various other non-invasive techniques have been developed, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based methods. Among these techniques, ultrasound and CT provide only qualitative information about hepatic steatosis, whereas MRS-or MRI-based methods are able to determine even small amounts of fat accurately. These non-invasive magnetic resonance techniques have already proven their great potential, especially in longitudinal and cross-sectional studies regarding various metabolic conditions and medical treatment regimens. In this review, the most common, non-invasive MRS/MRI techniques for assessment of intrahepatic lipid content are described with their inherent advantages and limitations. | Fabian Springer Jürgen Machann Claus D Claussen Fritz Schick Nina F Schwenzer | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，13： | 19 |
| 2 | S100A8/A9 induces autophagy and apoptosis via ROS-mediated cross-talk between mitochondria and lysosomes that involves BNIP3显示文摘建筑群由 S100 钙绑定蛋白质家庭,的二个成员形成了 S100A8/A9,在不同起源的各种各样的房间施加导致 apoptosis 活动。这里,我们内在的分子的机制包含的现在的证据两个都规划了房间死亡我(PCD 我, apoptosis ) 并且象死亡一样的 PCD II (autophagy ) 。有 S100A8/A9 的房间的处理引起了 Beclin-1 表示以及 Atg12-Atg5 形成的增加。S100A8/A9-induced 房间死亡被特定的 PI3-kinase 班 III 禁止者部分禁止, 3-methyladenine (3 麻省) ,并且由液泡 H+-ATPase 禁止者, bafilomycin-A1 (Baf-A1 ) 。S100A8/A9 挑起了 BNIP3 的 translocation, BH3 仅仅 pro-apoptotic Bcl2 家庭成员,到线粒体。与这发现一致,螖 T M-BNIP3 overexpression 部分禁止了 S100A8/A9-induced 细胞死亡,减少的反应的氧种(ROS ) 产生,并且部分在 S100A8/A9-treated 细胞在 mitochondrial transmembrane 潜力免于减少。另外,任何一个螖 T M-BNIP3 overexpression 或 N-acetyl-L-cysteine 合作处理减少了在与 S100A8/A9 对待的房间的 lysosomal 激活。我们的数据显示 S100A8/A9-promoted 房间死亡通过线粒体的串音发生,经由 ROS 和这个过程的 lysosomes 包含 BNIP3。 | Saeid Ghavami Mehdi Eshragi Sudharsana R Ande Walter J Chazin Thomas Klonisch Andrew J Halayko Karol D Mcneill Mohammad Hashemi Claus Kerkhoff Marek Los | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，3： | 13 |
| 3 | Analysis of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene polymorphism in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis显示文摘AIM:To investigate a genetic polymorphism of the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1 ) gene in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).METHODS:MCP-1 genotyping was performed in 23 patients with SBP and 83 cirrhotic control patients with non-infected ascites.RESULTS:The frequency of carriers of the G-allele was lower in SBP patients but this difference did not reach statistical significance. However,in the subgroup of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (n=80),carriers of the G-allele were significantly less frequent in SBP-patients (38.1%) than in cirrhotic controls (67.8%,P=0.021). CONCLUSION:In patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis,the-2518 MCP-1 genotype AA is a risk factor for the development of SBP. | Erwin Gbele Marcus Mhlbauer Hartwig Paulo Monika Johann Christin Meltzer Franz Leidl Norbert Wodarz Reiner Wiest Jrgen Schlmerich Claus Hellerbrand | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，44： | 7 |
| 4 | Adiponectin and its receptors in rodent models of fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM: To determine circulating and hepatic adiponectin in rodents with fatty liver disease or liver cirrhosis and investigate expression of the adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 on the mRNA and protein level and AdipoR2 on the mRNA level. METHODS: Fat fed rats were used as a model for fatty liver disease and bile duct ligation in mice to investigate cirrhotic liver. Expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA was determined by real time RT-PCR. AdipoR1 protein was analysed by immunoblot. Adiponectin was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Systemic adiponectin is reduced in fat- fed rats but is elevated in mice after bile duct ligation (BDL). Hepatic adiponectin protein is lower in steatotic liver but not in the liver of BDL-mice when compared to controls. Adiponectin mRNA was not detected in human liver samples or primary human hepatocytes nor in rat liver but recombinant adiponectin is taken up by isolated hepatocytes in-vitro. AdipoR1 mRNA and AdipoR1 protein levels are similar in the liver tissue of control and fat fed animals whereas AdipoR2 mRNA is induced. AdipoR2 mRNA and AdipoR1 mRNA and protein is suppressed in the liver of BDL-mice. CONCLUSION: Our studies show reduced circulating adiponectin in a rat model of fatty liver disease whereas circulating adiponectin is elevated in a mouse model of cirrhosis and similar fi ndings have been described in humans. Diminished hepatic expression of adiponectinreceptors was only found in liver cirrhosis. | Markus Neumeier Claus Hellerbrand Erwin Gbele Roland Buettner Cornelius Bollheimer Johanna Weigert Andreas Schffler Thomas S Weiss Monika Lichtenauer Jürgen Schlmerich Christa Buechler | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，34： | 4 |
| 5 | Role of HSP-90 for increased nNOS-mediated vasodilation in mesenteric arteries in portal hypertension显示文摘AIM:To explore the role of heat shock protein-90 (HSP-90) for nitrergic vasorelaxation in the splanchnic circulation in rats with and without portal hypertension. METHODS: Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and HSP-90 were analyzed by immunofluorescence, western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation in the mesenteric vasculature and isolated nerves of portal-vein-ligated (PVL) rats and sham operated rats. In vitro perfused de-endothelialized mesenteric arterial vasculature was preconstricted with norepinephrine (EC80) and tested for nNOS-mediated vasorelaxation by periarterial nerve stimulation (PNS, 2-12 Hz, 45V) before and after incubation with geldanamycin (specific inhibitor of HSP-90 signalling, 3 μg/mL) or L-NAME (non-specific NOSblocker, 10-4 mol/L). RESULTS: nNOS and HSP-90 expression was significantly increased in mesenteric nerves from PVL as compared to sham rats. Moreover, nNOS and HSP-90 were visualized in mesenteric nerves by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation of nNOS co-immunoprecitated HSP-90 in sham and PVL rats. PNS induced a frequencydependent vasorelaxation which was more pronounced in PVL as compared to sham rats. L-NAME and geldanamycin markedly reduced nNOS-mediated vasorelaxation abrogating differences between the study groups. The effect of L-NAME and geldanamycin on nNOS-mediated vasorelaxation was significantly greater in PVL than in sham animals. However, no difference in magnitude of effect between L-NAME and geldanamycin was noted. CONCLUSION: HSP-90 acts as a signalling mediator of nNOS-dependent nerve mediated vascular responses in mesenteric arteries, and the increased nitrergic vasorelaxation observed in portal hypertension is mediated largely by HSP-90. | Lukas Moleda Lars Jurzik Matthias Froh Erwin Gbele Claus Hellerbrand Rainer H Straub Jürgen Schlmerich Reiner Wiest | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，15： | 4 |
| 6 | Photoperiodic regulation of flowering in perennial ryegrass involving a CONSTANS-like homolog显示文摘 | Jérome Martin Morten Storgaard Claus H. Andersen Klaus K. Nielsen | 2004 | Plant Molecular Biology2004，，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Boron nitride: a novel support for ruthenium-based ammonia synthesis catalysts显示文摘 | Claus J H | 2001 | J Catal2001，200，： | 2 |
| 8 | Lipid-induced up-regulation of human acyl-CoA synthetase 5 promotes hepatocellular apoptosis显示文摘 | Andrea Reinartz Josef Ehling Andrea Leue Christian Liedtke Ursula Schneider Jürgen Kopitz Thomas Weiss Claus Hellerbrand Ralf Weiskirchen Ruth Knüchel Nikolaus Gassler | 2010 | BBA - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids2010，，9： | 2 |
| 9 | Nanosized zeolite crystals-conven- ient control of crystal size distribution by confined space synthesis 显示文摘 | Madsen C Claus J H | 1999 | Chem Commun1999，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Selenium redox biochemistry of zinc - sulfur co- ordination sites in proteins and enzymes显示文摘 | Claus J wolfgang M Bert V | 1999 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1999，96，： | 1 |
| 11 | Modeling as a tool for evaluating the effects of energy saving measures, case study: a tumbler drier显示文摘 | Lambert A Spruit F Claus J | 1991 | Appl Energy1991，38，： | 1 |
| 12 | Zeolites by confined space synthesis-characterization of the acid sites in nanosized ZSM-5 by ammonia desorption and27 AL/29 Si-MAS NMR spectroscopy 显示文摘 | Claus J H Jacobsen Madsen C Ton V W Janssen | 2000 | Microporous and Mesoporous Mater2000，39，： | 1 |
| 13 | Myocardial dysfunc-tion late after low-dose anthracycline treatment in asymptomatic pediatric pa-tients 显示文摘 | Ganame J Claus P Uyttebroeck A | 2007 | J Am Soc Echocardiogr2007，20，： | 1 |
| 14 | Sitting versus standing:does the intradiscal pressure cause disc degeneration or low back pain显示文摘 | Claus A Hides J Moseley GL | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 15 | Preserving pre-rigor meat func- tionality for beef patty production显示文摘 | Claus J R Sorheim O | 2006 | Meat Science2006，73，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Layer-by laYer ionic self-assembly of Au colloids into multiplayer thin-films with bulk metal conductivity显示文摘 | LIU Y J WANG Y X CLAUS R | 1998 | Chemical Physics Letter1998，298，： | 1 |
| 17 | On the origin of binding energyshifts of core levels of supported gold nanoparticles anddependence of pretreatment and material synthesis显示文摘 | RADNIK J MOHR C CLAUS P | 2003 | PhysicalChemistry Chemical Physics2003，5，： | 1 |
| 18 | Effects of substituting added water for fat on the textural, sensory, and processing characteristics of bologna显示文摘 | CLAUS J R HUNT M C KASTNER C L | 1990 | Journal of Muscle Foods1990，1，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Layer-by layer ionic self- assembly of Au colloids into muhiplayer thin-films with bulk metal conductivity 显示文摘 | Liu Y J Wang Y X Claus R | 1998 | Chemical Physics Letter1998，298，： | 1 |
| 20 | Rotavirus VP6 pro- tein expressed in cell culture by HSV-l-based vectors 显示文摘 | PALACIOS C A CLAUS J MATFION N | 2015 | Rev Argent Microbiol2015，47，1： | 1 |
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