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| 1 | Experimental Study of the Pressure Fluctuations in a Pump Turbine at Large Partial Flow Conditions显示文摘Frequent shifts of output and operating mode require a pump turbine with excellent stability. Current researches show that large partial flow conditions in pump mode experience positive-slope phenomena with a large head drop. The pressure fluctuation at the positive slope is crucial to the pump turbine unit safety. The operating instabilities at large partial flow conditions for a pump turbine are analyzed. The hydraulic performance of a model pump turbine is tested with the pressure fluctuations measured at unstable operating points near a positive slope in the performance curve. The hydraulic performance tests show that there are two separated positive-slope regions for the pump turbine, with the flow discharge for the first positive slope from 0.85 to 0.91 times that at the maximum efficiency point. The amplitudes of the pressure fluctuations at these unstable large partial flow conditions near the first positive slope are much larger than those at stable operating condtions. A dominant frequency is measured at 0.2 times the impeller rotational frequency in the flow passage near the impeller exit, which is believed to be induced by the rotating stall in the flow passage of the wicket gates. The test results also show hysteresis with pressure fluctuations when the pump turbine is operated near the first positive slope. The hysteresis creates different pressure fluctuations for those operation points even though their flow rates and heads are similar respectively. The pressure fluctuation characteristics at large partial flow conditions obtained by the present study will be helpful for the safe operation of pumped storage units. | RAN Hongjuan LUO Xianwu ZHU Lei ZHANG Yao WANG Xin XU Hongyuan | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2012，25，6： | 33 |
| 2 | Multi-objective optimization of a mixed-flow pump impeller using modified NSGA-II algorithm显示文摘In order to maintain a uniform distribution of pareto-front solutions, a modified NSGA-II algorithm coupled with a dynamic crowding distance(DCD) method is proposed for the multi-objective optimization of a mixed-flow pump impeller. With the pump meridional section fixed, ten variables along the shroud and hub are selected to control the blade load by using a three-dimensional inverse design method. Hydraulic efficiency, along with impeller head, is applied as an optimization objective; and a radial basis neural network(RBNN) is adopted to approximate the objective function with 82 training samples. Local sensitivity analysis shows that decision variables have different impacts on the optimization objectives. Instead of randomly selecting one solution to implement, a technique for ordering preferences by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) is introduced to select the best compromise solution(BCS) from pareto-front sets. The proposed method is applied to optimize the baseline model, i.e. a mixed- flow waterjet pump whose specific speed is 508 min?1?m3s?1?m. The performance of the waterjet pump was experimentally tested. Compared with the baseline model, the optimized impeller has a better hydraulic efficiency of 92% as well as a higher impeller head at the design operation point. Furthermore, the off-design performance is improved with a wider highefficiency operation range. After optimization, velocity gradients on the suction surface are smoother and flow separations are eliminated at the blade inlet part. Thus, the authors believe the proposed method is helpful for optimizing the mixed-flow pumps. | HUANG RenFang LUO XianWu JI Bin WANG Peng YU An ZHAI ZhiHong ZHOU JiaJian | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，12： | 32 |
| 3 | QTL analysis of the rice seedling cold tolerance in a double haploid population derived from anther culture of a hybrid between indica and japonica rice显示文摘A doubled haploid population, derived from anther culture of F hybrid between a typical indica cv. and a japonica cv. has been used to investigate the seedling cold tolerance (SCT) in growth cabinet. By dynamically analyzing every day’s survival percentages of the parents and DH lines under 7-d cold plus 9-d normal temperature condition, the guantitative trait loci (QTLs) for SCT have been mapped based on a molecular linkage map constructed from this population. The results show that two parents had significant differences in SCT and the segregation of SCT in DH lines was basically a continuous distribution with most serious injury on the 6th d of the cold treatment. A total of 4 QTLs for SCT have been identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The additive effects of qSCT-1, qSCT-2 and qSCT-3 have been contributed by the japonica ev JX17, but that of qSCT-4 has been contributed by the indica cv ZYQ8. The mechanism of SCT seems complicated since the above 4 QTLs detected at different stages | QIAN Qian ZENG Dali HE Ping ZHENG Xianwu CHEN Ying ZHU Lihuang | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，5： | 18 |
| 4 | Characteristics of rare-earth elements (REE),strontium and neodymium isotopes in hydrothermal fluorites from the Bailashui tin deposit in the Furong ore field,southern Hunan Province,China显示文摘In this paper the authors present the REE concentrations and Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of fluorites from the Bailashui tin deposit of the Furong ore field,southern Hunan Province. The results showed that the total amount of REE in fluorites is usually low,ranging from 0.705 to 8.785 μg/g with the chondrite-normalized REE dis-tribution patterns similar to those of the Qitianling granites in the study area,characterized by LREE-enrichment patterns with pronounced negative Eu anomalies. The fluorites vary in Sr isotopic composition within the range of 0.7083-0.7091,the values are lower than those of the granites and higher than those of the host carbonate rocks in this area. The εNd(t) values of fluorites vary between -9.4 and +10.3,revealing that both the crust-and mantle-source materials were involved in the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids. Combined with previous studies on this ore deposit,the Bailashui tin deposit is temporally and spatially closely related with granitic magmatism in this area. The hydro-thermal fluorites are the product of fluid/rock interactions between granitic magmatic hydrothermal fluid and marine carbonate rocks. The REE and F in the ore-forming fluid were derived from the granites,whereas Sr in the ore-forming fluid came mainly from the granitic magmatic hydrothermal fluid and marine carbonate rocks,although variations in Sr isotopic composition cannot be explained by a simple mixture of these two end-members. Evidence demonstrated that the ore-forming fluids are of crustal-mantle mixing origin,but that the fluids were probably in-completely homogenized and this may be caused by inhomogeneous mixing of the fluids of different sources. | YUAN Shunda PENG Jiantang HU Ruizhong BI Xianwu QI Liang LI Zhaoli LI Xiaomin SHUANG Yan | 2008 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2008，27，4： | 16 |
| 5 | Cavitation shedding dynamics around a hydrofoil simulated using a filter-based density corrected model显示文摘The unsteady turbulent cloud cavitation around a NACA66 hydrofoil was simulated using the filter-based density corrected model(FBDCM). The cloud cavitation was treated as a homogeneous liquid-vapor mixture and the effects of turbulent eddy viscosity were reduced in cavitation regions near the hydrofoil and in the wake. The numerical results(in terms of the vapor shedding structure and transient pressure pulsation due to cavitation evolution) agree well with the available experimental data, showing the validity of the FBDCM method. Furthermore, the interaction of vortex and cavitation was analyzed based on the vorticity transport equation, revealing that the cavitation evolution has a strong connection with vortex dynamics. A detailed analysis shows that the cavitation could promote the vortex production and flow unsteadiness by the dilatation and baroclinic torque terms in the vorticity transport equation. | YU An JI Bin HUANG RenFang ZHANG Yao ZHANG YuNing LUO XianWu | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，5： | 8 |
| 6 | REE geochemical characteristics of the No. 302 uranium deposit in northern Guangdong, South China显示文摘The No. 302 uranium deposit, located in Guangdong Province, is a typical granite-type uranium ore deposit. REE geochemical characteristics of the wall rocks, pitchblende, altered rocks, calcite and fluorite from this deposit have been systematically studied in this paper. The result showed that the alkali-metasomatic granites and other altered rocks have the same REE distribution patterns as Indosinian granites. It is indicated that the hydrothermal ore-forming solution had altered the Indosinian granites, and ore-forming materials may directly originate from the Indosinian granites. Calcite and fluorite of different stages are the products derived from the same source but different stages. The evolution and degassing of the mineralizing solution might induce LREE enrichment to varying degree. Mantle fluid and a large volume of mineralizer may be the crucial factors controlling uranium mineralization, and the hydrothermal solution with mineralizer played an important role in U transport and concentration. Meanwhile, the degassing of CO2 might promote U and REE precipitation. | ZHANG Guoquan HU Ruizhong BI Xianwu FENG Haisheng SHANG Pengqiang TIAN Jianji | 2007 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2007，26，4： | 8 |
| 7 | Unstable flow characteristics in a pump-turbine simulated by a modified Partially-Averaged Navier-Stokes method显示文摘Positive slope characteristics are very important for the safe and stable operation of a pump-turbine. In this study, the unsteady flows in a pump-turbine at pump mode are investigated numerically. To predict the positive slope characteristics with an improved accuracy, a modified Partially-Averaged Navier-Stokes(MPANS) model is employed to capture the unstable physics in a pump-turbine. It is confirmed that the present numerical method predicts the positive slope characteristics in the pumpturbine fairly well compared with the experimental data. It is noted that at the drooping point of the performance curve(positive slope), there are three sets of rotating stall cells in the flow passages of both the guide vanes and stay vanes. In the guide vane region, the flow is completely shut off by the rotating stall, whereas in the stay vane region, the flow passage is partly blocked at the drooping point. The numerical results also reveal that the remarkable variation and high angle of attack(AOA) values upstream the leading edge of the guide vane contribute to the flow separation at the vane suction side and induce rotating stall in the flow passage within the positive slope region. Furthermore, the propagation of the rotating stall is depicted by both Eulerian and Lagrangian viewpoints: the rotating stall blocks the flow passage between two neighboring guide vanes and pushes the flow toward the leading edge of the subsequent guide vane. The rotating stall cell shifts along the rotational direction with a much lower frequency(0.146 f_n) compared with the runner rotational frequency, f_n. | YANG Dandan LUO XianWu LIU DeMin HUANG RenFang ZHU ZuChao | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，3： | 7 |
| 8 | Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting tolerance to low phosphorus in rice (Oryza Sativa L.)显示文摘Phosphorus (P)-deficiency in rice (Oryza. Sativa. L) may cause yield reductions. This research has been conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for tolerance to low phosphorus stress in a doubled haploid (DH) population. By using the linkage map of this population, the OTLs for relative dry weight, relative P content and relative P utilization efficiency have been located. The results indicate that one RFLP marker located on chromosome 6 is closely associated with relative root dry weight, relative shoot dry weight and relative total dry weight, which explain 24.9%, 20.5% and 25.2% of the total phenotypic variations, respectively. Two QTLs affect relative P uptake content, which account for 20.7% of the total phenotypic variations. One micro-effect QTL has been found to be associated with relative P utilization efficiency. It is suggested that the P uptake efficiency is more associated with P efficiency. Among the secondary physiological indices of P uptake efficiency, the root dry weight is | MING Feng ZHENG Xianwu MI Guohua HE Ping ZHU Lihuang ZHANG Fusuo | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，6： | 7 |
| 9 | The chimeric Japanese encephalitis/Dengue 2 virus protects mice from challenge by both dengue virus and JEV virulent virus显示文摘 | Yang, Jian Yang, Huiqiang Li, Zhushi Lin, Hua Zhao, Yu Wang, Wei Tan, Shuai Zeng, Xianwu Li, Yuhua | 2017 | Protein & Cell2017，8，3： | 7 |
| 10 | A draft sequence of the rice (Oryza sativa ssp. indica) genome显示文摘The sequence of the rice genome holds fundamental information for its biology, including physiology, genetics, development, and evolution, as well as information on many beneficial phenotypes of economic significance. Using a 'whole genome shotgun' approach, we have pro-duced a draft rice genome sequence of Oryza sativa ssp. in-dica, the major crop rice subspecies in China and many other regions of Asia. The draft genome sequence is constructed from over 4.3 million successful sequencing traces with an accumulative total length of 2214.9 Mb. The initial assembly of the non-redundant sequences reached 409.76 Mb in length, based on 3.30 million successful sequencing traces with a total length of 1797.4 Mb from an indica variant cultivar 93-11, giving an estimated coverage of 95.29% of the rice genome with an average base accuracy of higher than 99%. The coverage of the draft sequence, the randomness of the sequence distribution, and the consistency of BIG-ASSEM-BLER, a custom-designed software package | YU Jun, HU Songnian, WANG Jun,LI Songgang WONG Ka-Shu Gane, LIU Bin,DENG Yajun, DAI Li, ZHOU Yan,ZHANG Xiuqing, CAO Mengliang, LIU Jing,SUN Jiandong , TANG Jiabin, CHEN Yanjiong,HUANG Xiaobing, LIN Wei, YE Chen, TONG Wei,CONG Lijuan, GENG Jianing, HAN Yujun, LI Lin,LI Wei, HU Guangqiang, HUANG Xiangang,LI Wenjie, LI Jian, LIU Zhanwei, LI Long,LIU Jianping, Ql Qiuhui, LIU Jinsong, LI Li,WANG Xuegang, LU Hong, WU Tingling,ZHU Miao, Nl Peixiang, HAN Hua, DONG Wei,REN Xiaoyu, FENG Xiaoli, GUI Peng,LI Xianran, WANG Hao, XU Xin, ZHAI Wenxue,XU Zhao, ZHANG Jinsong, HE Sijie,ZHANG Jianguo, XU Jichen, ZHANG Kunlin,ZHENG Xianwu, DONG Jianhai, ZENG Wanyong,TAO Lin, CHEN Xuewei, HE Jun, LIU Daofeng,TIAN Wei, TIAN Chaoguang, XIA Hongai,LI Gang, GAO Hui, LI Ping, CHEN Wei ,WANG Xudong, ZHANG Yong, HU Jianfei,WANG Jing, LIU Song, YANG Jian,ZHANG Guangyu, XIONG Yuqing, LI Zhijie,MAO Long, ZHOU Chengshu, ZHU Zhen,CHEN Runsheng, HAO Bailin,ZHENG Weimou, CHEN Shouyi, QUO Wei,LI Guojie, LIU Siqi, HUANG Guyang,TAO Ming, WANG Jian, ZHU Lihuang,YUAN Longping& YANG HuanmingBeijing Genomics Institute/Center of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300, China Hangzhou Genomics Institute/Institute of Bioinformatics of Zhejiang University/Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China Institute of Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China National Hybrid Rice R & D Center, Changsha 410125, China Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1Q0080, China Digital China Ltd., Beijing 100080, China Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, ChinaThese authors contributed equally to this work.Corresponding author.Corresponden | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，23： | 6 |
| 11 | Ge-rich hydrothermal solutions and abnormal enrichment of Ge in coal显示文摘AT present, the main source of germanium includes two types of ore deposits: some sulfide-rich Pb, Zn,Cu, Ag and An deposits and some coal deposits. Germanium occurs as an associated element in these oredeposits. The Lincang germanium deposit discovered recently in China occurs in a basin where there areexposed the Neogene coal-bearing clastic rocks with Indosinian Ge-rich ((1.9-5.0)×10-6) granitesas the basement in Lincang County, Yunnan Province. Germanium is mainly concentrated in the coalseams of the first coal-bearing horizon (Nth2) and in regard to its grade (normally n×100×10-6 with themaximum over 1000×10-6) and scale (the proven reserve about 800 t), no such germanium mineralization has been reported so far in other parts of the world. What is the reason? The available studies have indicated that this germanium deposit is of epigenetic origin, whichdetermines that germanium must have been transferred into coal with the help of a kind of medium. It isnoticed that (i) organic germanium in natural waters is stable and it is never involved in its | HU Ruizhong, BI Xianwu, SU Wenchao, QI Huawen and YE Zaojun Intitue of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，S2： | 5 |
| 12 | Zircon U-Pb Ages and Sr-Nd-Hf Isotopic Characteristics of the Huichizi Granitic Complex in the North Qinling Orogenic Belt and Their Geological Significance显示文摘The Huichizi granite complex is the largest Paleozoic I-type intrusion located in the North Qinling orogenic belt(NQB). In this study, we present systematic geochemical element data, zircon U-Pb ages, Lu-Hf isotopic data, and Sr-Nd isotopic data for the Huichizi granites. In terms of mineral and chemical compositions, these granites are biotite monzonitic and alkali-feldspar granites, both of which are characterized by high SiO 2 and total alkali contents and low Mg O, Ti O2, and TFeO contents. These granites are weakly peraluminous(A/CNK values are 1–1.06 for biotite monzonitic granites and 1.04–1.09 for alkali-feldspar granites) and possess the geochemical characteristics of adakitic rocks, e.g., high Sr contents(319 ppm–633 ppm), Sr/Y ratios(18.5–174), and(La/Yb)N ratios(17.6–57) and low MgO(0.04 wt.%–0.83 wt.%), Y(3.0 ppm–17.2 ppm), and heavy rare-earth element(HREE) contents. This indicates that these rocks were most likely derived from the partial melting of a thickened lower crust. In situ zircon U-Pb dating of these granites yields Early Caledonian ages(437 Ma for biotite monzonitic granites and 424 Ma for alkali-feldspar granites), indicating that the Huichizi granitic complex is the product of multi-periodic magmatism. The positive but varying zircon εHf(t) values(+0.6 to +8.5) suggest that this thickened lower crust was mainly juvenile, i.e., accreted from depleted mantle during the Neo-Mesoproterozoic Period, but involved the ancient recycled crust. Biotite monzonitic granites formed during crust thickening at the extrusion stage, whereas the alkali granites formed during crust thickening at the extension stage(post extrusion). The Huichizi granite complex witnessed the process of extrusion to extension because of the collision between the NCB and the Qinling microcontinent in the Caledonian. | Youwei Chen Ruizhong Hu Xianwu Bi Shaohua Dong Yue Xu Ting Zhou | 2018 | Journal of Earth Science2018，29，3： | 5 |
| 13 | Analysis of ventilated cavitation around a cylinder vehicle with nature cavitation using a new simulation method显示文摘In the present paper, a new simulation method is developed for unsteady cavitating flow with air ventilation,which is very useful for alleviating the pressure oscillation in hydroturbine draft tube and reducing the drag force on an underwater vehicle. Because the fluid includes three components, i.e., the water, vapor, and air, the interactions between water–air and water–vapor are treated by applying the level set method, and the effect of surface tension is taken into account in governing equations. Further, the phase change between the water and the vapor is modeled by a homogeneous model,where the effect of air injection is considered by applying the air volume fraction in the mass transport equation. For calibration, the cavitating flows around a cylinder vehicle were simulated using the proposed method, and the numerical results were compared with the experimental data at three different ventilation conditions. The good agreement of cavitation evolutions between the simulation and the experiment indicated that the proposed method was acceptable for the simulation of ventilated cavitating flows with nature cavitation and would be usable for various engineering applications.Moreover, the vorticity analysis depicts that the vortex is closely related to cavitation evolution, and air injection much changes the vorticity production in cavitating flow. It was also revealed that vorticities only occurred in regions with high vapor/air volume fraction and the vortex stretching term created the most vorticities. | An Yu Xianwu Luo Bin Ji | 2015 | Science Bulletin2015，60，21： | 5 |
| 14 | An experimental study of tin partition between melt and aqueous fluid in F/Cl-coexisting magma显示文摘为了调查听矿石的形成机制,与忍受 F 花岗石联系了,在忍受 F 之间的听分区的试验性的研究花岗石融化,共存的忍受 HCl 水的液体与接近 NNO 的 fo 2 在 850 ° C 和 100MPa 被进行。锡的 Geochemical 行为被变化在以不同氧化铝浸透索引 ASI 开始稳固的材料跟踪,在 F 内容并且在开始各种各样的 HCl 集中的液体。结果显示出那 D 有 ASI 的 Sn 增加融化并且每铝土融化为进在 F/Cl-coexisting 系统的水的液体的听分区是有利的。更高的 HCl 集中的水的液体为锡的丰富是有益的。而且,在玻璃跑产品的氯内容在岩浆与 F 和 Cl 内容断然相关。在 F/Cl-coexisting 系统,花岗石在能为听矿石的形成用作一座水库的 melt 与内容(>∼1 wt%) 能提取并且充实的高 F 融化锡。然而,当在 melt 的 F 内容在 1 wt% 下面时,锡的分配系数将显著地增加。因此, F 内容的减少对进有高 HCl 内容的水的液体的锡的分区有利,因此支持热水的听矿石的免职。 | HU XiaoYan BI XianWu SHANG LinBo HU RuiZhong CAI GuoSheng CHEN YouWei | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，6： | 4 |
| 15 | A Time-dependent Stochastic Grassland Fire Ignition Probability Model for Hulun Buir Grassland of China显示文摘Grassland fire is one of the most important disturbance factors in the natural ecosystems.This paper focuses on the spatial distribution of long-term grassland fire patterns in the Hulun Buir Grassland located in the northeast of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China.The density or ratio of ignition can reflect the relationship between grassland fire and different ignition factors.Based on the relationship between the density or ratio of ignition in different range of each ignition factor and grassland fire events,an ignition probability model was developed by using binary logistic regression function and its overall accuracy averaged up to 81.7%.Meanwhile it was found that daily relative humidity,daily temperature,elevation,vegetation type,distance to county-level road,distance to town are more important determinants of spatial distribution of fire ignitions.Using Monte Carlo method,we developed a time-dependent stochastic ignition probability model based on the distribution of inter-annual daily relative humidity and daily temperature.Through this model,it is possible to estimate the spatial patterns of ignition probability for grassland fire,which will be helpful to the quantitative evaluation of grassland fire risk and its management in the future. | GUO Zhixing FANG Weihua TAN Jun SHI Xianwu | 2013 | Chinese Geographical Science2013，23，4： | 4 |
| 16 | A miniature pump with a fluid dynamic bearing显示文摘This paper describes the development of a miniature pump having an impeller with an exit diameter of 24 mm supported with the motor rotor by a fluid dynamic bearing.Tests verify that the miniature pump is stable and quiet for rotational speeds larger than 4000 min-1.The three-dimensional turbulent flow in the entire pump flow passage and the laminar flow in the fluid dynamic bearing were then simulated numerically.The average pump performance was well predicted by the simulations.Both the tests and the simulations show that there is no obvious Reynolds effect for the miniature pump within the tested range of rotational speeds.The numerical results also show that the bearing capacity of the fluid dynamic bearing increases with the pump rotor rotational speed and the eccentricity ratio of the journal to the bushing.This pump is very compact,so it is a promising device for surgical use. | LUO XianWu JI Bin ZHUANG BaoTang ZHU Lei LU Li XU HongYuan | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，3： | 4 |
| 17 | On Reduced Variational Equations of Coupled Systems显示文摘OnReducedVariationalEquationsofCoupledSystemsZengXianwu,DuNailinDepartmentofMathematics,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan430072,ChinaChen... | Du Nailin Zeng Xianwu | 1997 | Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences1997，2，2： | 3 |
| 18 | An experimental study on the solubility of copper bichloride in water vapor显示文摘Using the solubility method, the solubility of CuCl2 in liquid-undersaturated HCl-bearing water vapor was investigated experimentally at temperatures of 330-370 ℃ and pressures of 4.2-10 MPa. The re-sults have shown that hydration could significantly enhance copper solubility and the concentrations of copper were positively correlated with PH2O. The solubility of copper in vapor phase increased with increasing PH2O at the constant temperature. CuCl2 was transported as hydrated species CuCl2(H2O)ngas in water vapor. The formation of complexes is proposed to be the result of the following reaction: CuCl2solid + nH2Ogas = CuCl2 (H2O)ngas The hydration number n decreased slightly with increasing temperature. Statistical hydration numbers are 4.0, 3.6 and 3.3 at 330, 350 and 370 ℃ , respectively. | SHANG LinBo BI XianWu HU RuiZhong FAN WenLing | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，3： | 3 |
| 19 | Effects of operating condition on fish behavior and fish injury in an axial pump显示文摘In this study,fish behavior and fish injury at different operating conditions are investigated via numerical simulation to evaluate the fish-friendliness of an axial pump that comprises an inlet pipe,a rotor with six blades,a stator with eight vanes,and an outlet pipe.To precisely obtain the flow field when the fish passes through the axial pump,a hybrid large eddy simulation and immersed boundary method is adopted with the full consideration of the fluid-structure interaction comprehensively.The results indicate that the collision between the fish and the wall of flow components in the axial pump is concentrated near the inlet of the rotor,which results in the complexity of the fish trajectory,especially under the large flow rate condition.It is noted that the fish is likely to move in the reverse direction of the main flow after the impact with the rotor blade if the flow rate coefficient is too large,which increases the possibility of collision between the fish and the rotor blade.It is also indicated that the primary factor affecting the strike injury on the fish when it passes through the axial pump is the strike between the fish and the leading edge of the rotor blade.In addition,the strike injury becomes more significant as the flow rate coefficient increases.Furthermore,the results demonstrate that the fish may simultaneously suffer from strike,pressure,and shear stress injuries,once the collision between the fish and the wall of flow components occurs in the axial pump,thus aggravating the combined damage on the fish.Based on these results,it is recommended that hydraulic machinery should not be operated at large flow rates during fish migration from the view of fish-friendliness. | YANG DanDan ZHAO MingXiang SHEN Lian LUO XianWu | 2022 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2022，65，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Copper partitioning between granitic silicate melt and coexisting aqueous fluid at 850°C and 100 MPa显示文摘Experiments on the partitioning of Cu between different granitic silicate melts and the respective coexisting aqueous fluids have been performed under conditions of 850 °C, 100 MPa and oxygen fugacity(f O_2) buffered at approaching Ni–Ni O(NNO). Partition coefficients of Cu(DCu= cfluid/cmelt) were varied with different alumina/alkali mole ratios [Al_2O_3/(Na_2O·K_2O), abbreviated as Al/Alk], Na/K mole ratios, and Si O_2 mole contents. The DCu increased from 1.28 ± 0.01 to 22.18 ± 0.22 with the increase of Al/Alk mole ratios(ranging from 0.64 to 1.20)and Na/K mole ratios(ranging from 0.58 to 2.56). The experimental results also showed that DCuwas positively correlated with the HCl concentration of the starting fluid.The DCuwas independent of the Si O_2 mole content in the range of Si O_2 content considered. No DCuvalue was less than 1 in our experiments at 850 °C and 100 MPa, indicating that Cu preferred to enter the fluid phase rather than the coexisting melt phase under most conditions in the melt-fluid system, and thus a significant amount of Cu could be transported in the fluid phase in the magmatichydrothermal environment. The results indicated that Cu favored partitioning into the aqueous fluid rather than themelt phase if there was a high Na/K ratio, Na-rich, peraluminous granitic melt coexisting with the high Cl-fluid. | Shuilong Wang Hui Li Linbo Shang Xianwu Bi Xinsong Wang Wenlin Fan | 2016 | Acta Geochimica2016，35，4： | 3 |
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