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| 1 | CONSORT 2010说明与详述:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘大量证据显示随机对照临床试验(randomised controlled trial,RCT)的报告质量不理想。报告不透明,则读者既不能评判试验结果是否真实可靠,也不能从中提取可用于系统综述的信息。最近的方法学分析表明,报告不充分和设计不合理与对治疗效果产生评价偏倚有关。这种系统误差对RCT损害严重,而RCT正是以其能减少或避免偏倚而被视为评价干预措施的金标准。为了提高RCT的报告质量,一个由专家和编辑组成的工作组制定了临床试验报告的统一标准(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials,CONSORT)声明。CONSORT声明于1996年首次发表,并于2001年更新。声明由对照检查清单和流程图组成,供作者在报告RCT时使用。许多核心医学期刊和主要国际性编辑组织都已认可CONSORT声明。该声明促进了对RCT的严格评价和解释。2001年,在对CONSORT进行修订时,人们就已经清楚地认识到,解释和说明制定CONSORT声明的原理,有助于研究人员等撰写或评价临床试验报告。一篇CONSORT说明与详述文章于2001年同2001版CONSORT声明一起发表。2007年1月的专家会议之后,对CONSORT声明作了进一步修订并已发表,即'CONSORT2010声明'。这次更新对原版对照检查清单作了文字上的修改,使其更为明晰,并收入了与一些新近才认识到的主题相关的建议,如选择性报告结局产生的偏倚。说明与详述文件旨在加强人们对CONSORT声明的理解、应用和传播,这次也作了大量修订,对每一项新增或更新的清单条目的含义和增改理由进行了解释,提供了优秀的报告实例,还尽可能地提供了相关的经验性研究的参考文献。文中收入了若干流程图实例。'CONSORT2010声明'、其说明与详述文件,以及相关网站(www.consort-statement.org),对于改进随机临床试验报告必将有所裨益。 | David Moher Sally Hopewell Kenneth F Schulz Victor Montori Peter C Gφtzsche P J Devereaux Diana Elbourne Matthias Egger Douglas G Altman 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010,8,8: | 318 |
| 2 | Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in discrimination between focal pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer显示文摘瞄准:作为基于微容器的灌注特征把发炎区分开来与胰腺的癌的一个方法评估提高对比的 endosonography。方法:在有怀疑的慢性胰炎的 86 个病人(变老:62+/-12 年;性别:f/m 38/48 ) ,胰腺的损害被常规内视镜的 B 模式,力量 Doppler 超声和提高对比的力量模式检验(日立 EUB 525, SonoVue, 2.4 mL, Bracco ) 用为恶意的损害的下列标准:用常规力量 Doppler 的没有可检测的 vascularisation 在用 SonoVue 提高对比的技术和没有可检测的静脉的容器里面的短距离上的动脉的容器的扫描、不规则的外观损害。如果所有标准是可检测的,恶意的损害被假定[内视镜的超声(EUS ) 指导了的标准答案好针渴望细胞学,操作] 。没有瘤形成的慢性胰炎的标准在 SonoVue 的注射前被定义为没有可检测的 vascularisation,在在 SonoVue 的注射和动脉、静脉的容器的察觉以后的至少 20 公里的距离上的容器的常规外观。结果:常规 EUS 的敏感和特性为胰腺的癌症分别地是 73.2% 和 83.3% 。与恶意的胰腺的损害和特性在 56 个病人中的 51 个增加到 91.1% 的提高对比的 EUS 的敏感与长期的煽动性的胰腺的疾病在 30 个病人中的 28 个增加了到 93.3% 。结论:提高对比的内视镜的超声改进在慢性胰炎和胰腺的癌之间的区别。 | Michael Hocke Ewald Schulze Peter Gottschalk Theodor Topalidis Christoph F Dietrich | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,2: | 43 |
| 3 | CONSORT 2010声明:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘CONSORT声明被广泛用于提高随机对照临床试验的报告质量。Kenneth Schulz等对CONSORT声明的最新版本CONSORT2010作了详细说明,该版本基于新获得的方法学证据和经验的积累对报告指南作了更新。为了鼓励更多的人使用'CONSORT2010声明',本文可从bmj.com免费获取,也将在Lancet,Obstetrics and Gynecology,PLoS Medicine,Annals of Internal Medicine,Open Medicine,Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,BMC Medicine和Trials等杂志发表。 | Kenneth F Schulz Douglas G Altman David Moher 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010,8,7: | 45 |
| 4 | CONSORT声明:提高平行随机试验报告质量的修订建议显示文摘要想理解随机对照试验(RCT)的结果,读者必须了解其设计、实施、分析和解释。这种目标只能通过作者的完全透明而实现。尽管做了几十年的教育努力,RCTs的报告方法仍然需要改进。调查人员和编辑们为了帮助作者提高报告的质量,通过使用核对表和流程图的形式开发了原CONSORT(报告试验的强化标准)。这里介绍的修改过的CONSORT声明,融合了新的证据,听取了对早期声明的批评意见。核对表的项目涵盖了文题、摘要、引言、方法、结果和讨论部分的内容。修订的核对表包括精选的22个项目,经验证据表明不报告这些信息会对疗效产生错误估计,或者需要这些信息以判断发现的可靠性和相关性。我们有意安插了流程图,以便描述受试者参与RCT的经过。修订的流程图描述了试验的4个阶段(登记、干预分配、随访和分析)的信息。流程图清楚地显示了每个干预组的受试者数量,包含在资料的初步分析中。包含这些数字便于读者判断作者是否采用了意向性治疗分析法(intentiontotreat)。总之,CONSORT声明旨在提高报告RCT的质量,便于读者了解试验的实施,以及评价其结果的有效性。 | David Moher Kenneth F Schulz Douglas G.Altman 代表CONSORT小组 汪谋岳 | 2005 | 中国中西医结合杂志2005,25,7: | 13 |
| 5 | CONSORT 2010声明:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘CONSORT声明被广泛应用于提高随机对照临床试验的报告质量。Kenneth Schulz等对CONSORT声明的最新版本CONSORT 2010作了详细说明,该版本基于新获得的方法学证据和经验的积累对报告指南作了更新。为了鼓励更多的人使用'CONSORT 2010声明',本文可从www.bmj.com免费获取,也将在Lancet,Obstetrics and Gynecology,PLoS Medicine,Annals of Internal Medicine,Open Medicine,Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,BMC Medicine和Trials等杂志发表。 | Kenneth F Schulz Douglas G Altman David Moher | 2011 | 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版)2011,1,1: | 3 |
| 6 | 直接光控晶闸管在脉冲电源上的应用显示文摘具有集成保护功能的直接光控晶闸管 (LTT)已得到了广泛应用。这种晶闸管是为高压直流输电(HVDC)而开发的。通过改进门极结构 ,光控晶闸管也可用于大功率脉冲电源上。由于采用了直接光触发 ,LTT特别适用于串联应用。 | J Przybilla R Keller U Kellner C Schneider H J Schulze F J Niedernostheide | 2002 | 电力电子技术2002,36,6: | 2 |
| 7 | Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver cancer显示文摘AIM:To investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and liver cancer,and NAFLD prevalence in different liver tumors.METHODS:This is a retrospective study of the clinical,laboratory and histological data of 120 patients diagnosed with primary or secondary hepatic neoplasms and treated at a tertiary center where they underwent hepatic resection and/or liver transplantation,with subsequent evaluation of the explant or liver biopsy.The following criteria were used to exclude patients from the study:a history of alcohol abuse,hepatitis B or C infection,no tumor detected in the liver tissue examined by histological analysis,and the presence of chronic autoimmune hepatitis,hemochromatosis,Wilson's disease,or hepatoblastoma.The occurrence of NAFLD and the association with its known risk factors were studied.The risk factors considered were diabetes mellitus,impaired glucose tolerance,impaired fasting glucose,body mass index,dyslipidemia,and arterial hypertension.Presence of reticulin fibers in the hepatic neoplasms was assessed by histological analysis using slide-mounted specimens stained with either hematoxylin and eosin or Masson's trichrome and silver impregnation.Analysis of tumor-free liver parenchyma was carried out to determine the association between NAFLD and its histological grade.RESULTS:No difference was found in the association of NAFLD with the general population(34.2% and 30.0% respectively,95%CI:25.8-43.4).Evaluation by cancer type showed that NAFLD was more prevalent in patients with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer than in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(OR = 3.99,95%CI:1.78-8.94,P < 0.001 vs OR = 0.60,95%CI:0.18-2.01,P = 0.406 and OR = 0.70,95%CI:0.18-2.80,P = 0.613,respectively).There was a higher prevalence of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(OR = 3.50,95%CI:1.06-11.57,P = 0.032).Evaluation of the relationship between the presence of NAFLD,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,and liver fibrosis,and their risk factors,showed no significant statistical association for any of the tumors studied.CONCLUSION:NAFLD is more common in patients with liver metastases caused by colorectal cancer. | Perla Oliveira Schulz Fabio Goncalves Ferreira Maria de Fátima Araújo Nascimento Andrea Vieira Mauricio Alves Ribeiro André Ibrahim David Luiz Arnaldo Szutan | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015,21,3: | 2 |
| 8 | Conversion of ethanol over zeolite H-ZSM-5 显示文摘 | SCHULZ J BANDERMANN F | 1994 | Chem Eng Technol1994,17,: | 1 |
| 9 | Statistics notes :concealing treatment allocation in randomised trials 显示文摘 | ALTMAN D G SCHULZ K F | 2001 | BMJ2001,323,7310: | 1 |
| 10 | Prevalence of clopidogrel nonresponders among patients with stable angina pectoris scheduled for elective coronary stent placement显示文摘 | Besta F Schulz C | 2003 | Thromb Haemost2003,89,5: | 1 |
| 11 | TGFβ induces morphological and molecular changes similar to human anterior subcapsular cataract显示文摘 | Lovicu F J Schulz M W Hales A M | 2002 | Br J Ophthalmol2002,86,2: | 1 |
| 12 | Asymmetrical dimethylarginine is increased in plasma and decreased in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease显示文摘 | Arlt S Schulze F Eichenlaub M | | 0,,: | 1 |
| 13 | Abeiximab and heparin versus bivalirudin for non-ST-elevation myocardial in-farction 显示文摘 | Kastrati A Neumann F J Schulz S | 2011 | N Engl J Med2011,365,21: | 1 |
| 14 | Reducing publication bias of prospective clinical trials through trial registration 显示文摘 | Abaid L N Grimes D A Schulz K F | 2007 | Contraception2007,76,5: | 1 |
| 15 | Mesenchymal stem cells are recruited to striated muscle by NFAT/IL-4- mediated cell fusion 显示文摘 | Schulze M Belema-Bedada F Technau A | 2005 | Genes Dev2005,19,15: | 1 |
| 16 | Addition of bevacizumab to bolus fluorouracil and leucovorin in first line metastatic colorectal cancer :results of a randomized phase Ⅱ trial 显示文摘 | KABBINVAR F F SCHULZ J MCCLEOD M | 2005 | J Clin Oncol2005,23,16: | 1 |
| 17 | Osteopontin and the skin: multiple emerging roles in cutaneous biology and pathology 显示文摘 | Buback F Renkl AC Schulz G | 2009 | Exp Dermatol2009,18,9: | 1 |
| 18 | CONSORT 2010 Statement : updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials显示文摘 | SCHULZ K F ALTMAN D G MOHER D | 2010 | BMJ2010,340,: | 1 |
| 19 | Laser-induced incandescence Recent trends and current questions显示文摘 | Schulz C Kock B F Hofmann M | 2006 | Applied Physics B2006,83,3: | 1 |
| 20 | A mite subversive:cleavage of CD23 and CD25 by derpl enhances allergenicity 显示文摘 | Shakib F Schulz O Sewell H | 1998 | Immunol Today1998,19,7: | 1 |