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| 1 | Alcoholic liver disease:Utility of animal models显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) is a major cause of acute and chronic liver injury. Extensive evidence has been accumulated on the pathological process of ALD during the past decades. However, effective treatment options for ALD are very limited due to the lack of suitable in vivo models that recapitulate the full spectrum of ALD. Experimental animal models of ALD, particularly rodents, have been used extensively to mimic human ALD. An ideal animal model should recapitulate all aspects of the ALD process, including significant steatosis, hepatic neutrophil infiltration, and liver injury. A better strategy against ALD depends on clear diagnostic biomarkers, accurate predictor(s) of its progression and new therapeutic approaches to modulate stop or even reverse the disease. Numerous models employing rodent animals have been established in the last decades to investigate the effects of acute and chronic alcohol exposure on the initiation and progression of ALD. Although significant progress has been made in gaining better knowledge on the mechanisms and pathology of ALD, many features of ALD are unknown, and require further investigation, ideally with improved animal models that more effectively mimic human ALD. Although differences in the degree and stages of alcoholic liver injury inevitably exist between animal models and human ALD, the acquisition and translational relevance will be greatly enhanced with the development of new and improved animal models of ALD. | Arantza Lamas-Paz Fengjie Hao Leonard J Nelson Maria Teresa Vázquez Santiago Canals Manuel Gómez del Moral Eduardo Martínez-Naves Yulia A Nevzorova Francisco Javier Cubero | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，45： | 26 |
| 2 | Dissecting the molecular pathophysiology of drug-induced liver injury显示文摘Drug-induced liver injury(DILI) has become a major topic in the field of Hepatology and Gastroenterology. DILI can be clinically divided into three phenotypes: hepatocytic, cholestatic and mixed. Although the clinical manifestations of DILI are variable and the pathogenesis complicated, recent insights using improved preclinical models, have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms that trigger liver damage. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying DILI. The toxicity of the drug eventually induces hepatocellular damage through multiple molecular pathways, including direct hepatic toxicity and innate and adaptive immune responses. Drugs or their metabolites, such as the common analgesic, acetaminophen, can cause direct hepatic toxicity through accumulation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. The innate and adaptive immune responses play also a very important role in the occurrence of idiosyncratic DILI. Furthermore, we examine common forms of hepatocyte death and their association with the activation of specific signaling pathways. | Hui Ye Leonard J Nelson Manuel Gómez del Moral Eduardo Martínez-Naves Francisco Javier Cubero | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，13： | 19 |
| 3 | Season of the year influences infection rates following total hip arthroplasty显示文摘AIM To research the influence of season of the year on periprosthetic joint infections.METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the entire Medicare files from 2005 to 2014. Seasons were classified as spring, summer, fall or winter. Regional variations were accounted for by dividing patients into four geographic regions as per the United States Census Bureau(Northeast, Midwest, West and South). Acute postoperative infection and deep periprosthetic infections within 90 d after surgery were tracked. RESULTS In all regions, winter had the highest incidence of periprosthetic infections(mean 0.98%, SD 0.1%) and was significantly higher than other seasons in the Midwest, South and West(P < 0.05 for all) but not the Northeast(P = 0.358). Acute postoperative infection rates were more frequent in the summer and were significantly affected by season of the year in the West.CONCLUSION Season of the year is a risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection following total hip arthroplasty(THA). Understanding the influence of season on outcomes following THA is essential when risk-stratifying patients to optimize outcomes and reduce episode of care costs. | Samuel Rosas Alvin C Ong Leonard T Buller Karim G Sabeh Tsun yee Law Martin W Roche Victor H Hernandez | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，12： | 4 |
| 4 | 青少年甘油磷酸胆碱代谢和心血管病的危险因素:一项队列研究显示文摘甘油磷酸胆碱(glycerophosphocholine,GPC)代谢物可调节动脉粥样硬化,从而导致心血管病风险。临床前期心血管病可能从青春期就开始。研究人员应用靶向血清脂质组学鉴定一组新的GPC,并测试在青春期时这些GPC中的任何一种是否与心血管病传统危险因子,如过量内脏脂肪、升高的血压、胰岛素抵抗和致动脉粥样硬化血脂异常相关。 | Syme C Czajkowski S Shin J Abrahamowicz M Leonard G Perron M Richer L Veillette S Gaudet D Strug L Wang Y Xu H Taylor G Paus T Bennett S Pausova Z 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，10： | 3 |
| 5 | Increasing diabetes self-management education in community settings显示文摘 | Susan L Norris Phyllis J Nichols Carl J Caspersen Russell E Glasgow Michael M Engelgau Leonard Jack Susan R Snyder Vilma G Carande-Kulis George Isham Sanford Garfield Peter Briss David McCulloch | 2002 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2002，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity,mutagenicity and teratogenicity of manganese compounds显示文摘 | Gerber G B Leonard A Hantson P | 2002 | Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology2002，42，： | 1 |
| 7 | Superstars in the National BasketballAssociation:Economic Value and Policy显示文摘 | Hausman J A Leonard G K | 1997 | Journal of Labor Eco-nomics1997，15，4： | 1 |
| 8 | The Casparians trip as a barrier to the movement of lanthanum in corn roots显示文摘 | Nagahashi G Thompson WW Leonard RT | 1974 | Science1974，183，： | 1 |
| 9 | Mesoscopic structureand viscoelastic properties of β-1actoglobulin gels at low pH and low ionic strength 显示文摘 | Leonard M C Cecile V Renate G | 2002 | Food Hydrocolloids2002，16，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Model-based feedback control of autonomous underwater gliders 显示文摘 | LEONARD N E CRAVER J G | 2001 | IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering2001，26，4： | 1 |
| 11 | The role of positive interactions in communities: Lessons from intertidal habitats显示文摘 | BERTNESS M D LEONARD G H | 1997 | Ecology1997，78，： | 1 |
| 12 | Ex vivo expansion of polyclonal and antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by artificial APCs expressing ligands for the T-cell receptor, CD28 and 4-1BB显示文摘 | Maus M V Thomas A K Leonard D G | 2002 | Nat Biotechnol2002，20，： | 1 |
| 13 | Environmental Pollution显示文摘 | de Boer Jacob Wester Peter G van der Horst Aschwin Leonard Pim E G | 2003 | 122 : 632003，122，： | 1 |
| 14 | Drought analysis using triva- riate copulas conditional on climatic states显示文摘 | Wong G Lambert MF Leonard M | 2010 | Journal of Hydrologic Engineering2010，，15： | 1 |
| 15 | Cooperative AUV navigation using a single maneuvering sur- face craft 显示文摘 | FALLON M F PAPADOPOULOS G LEONARD J J | 2010 | The International Journal of Robotics Re- search2010，29，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Fibrilassemblies in aqueous whey protein mixtures显示文摘 | Bolder S G Hendrickx H Leonard M C S | 2006 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2006，54，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Estimation of runoff critical shear stress for soil erosion from soil shear strength显示文摘 | LEONARD J RICHARD G | 2004 | Catena2004，57，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Reliability Evaluation of Plastic Encapsulated Parts显示文摘 | LEONARD W MICHAEL G | 1993 | IEEE Transaction on Reliability1993，42，4： | 1 |
| 19 | GLEAMS:Groundwater loading effects of agricultural management systems显示文摘 | Leonard R A Knisel W G Still D A | 1987 | Trans Amer Soc of Agri Engrs1987，30，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Clinical utility gane card for: Alagille syndrome (ALGS)显示文摘 | Leonard LD Chao G Baker A | 2014 | Eur J Hum Genet2014，22，3： | 1 |
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