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| 1 | IDO1 in cancer: a Gemini of immune checkpoints显示文摘Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1)is a rate-limiting metabolic enzyme that converts the essential amino acid tryptophan(Trp)into downstream catabolites known as kynurenines.Coincidently,numerous studies have demonstrated that IDO1 is highly expressed in multiple types of human cancer.Preclinical studies have further introduced an interesting paradox:while single-agent treatment with IDO1 enzyme inhibitor has a negligible effect on decreasing the established cancer burden,approaches combining select therapies with IDO1 blockade tend to yield a synergistic benefit against tumor growth and/or animal subject survival.Given the high expression of IDO1 among multiple cancer types along with the lack of monotherapeutic efficacy,these data suggest that there is a more complex mechanism of action than previously appreciated.Similar to the dual faces of the astrological Gemini,we highlight the multiple roles of IDO1 and review its canonical association with IDO1-dependent tryptophan metabolism,as well as documented evidence confirming the dispensability of enzyme activity for its immunosuppressive effects.The gene transcript levels for IDO1 highlight its strong association with T-cell infiltration,but the lack of a universal prognostic significance among all cancer subtypes.Finally,ongoing clinical trials are discussed with consideration of IDO1-targeting strategies that enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy for cancer patients。 | Lijie Zhai Erik Ladomersky Alicia Lenzen Brenda Nguyen Ricky Patel Kristen L Lauing Meijing Wu Derek A Wainwright | 2018 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2018，15，5： | 17 |
| 2 | Conservation needs of amphibians in China: A review显示文摘The conservation status of all the amphibians in China is analyzed,and the country is shown to be a global priority for conservation in comparison to many other countries of the world.Three Chinese regions are particularly rich in amphibian diversity:Hengduan,Nanling,and Wuyi mountains.Sala-manders are more threatened than frogs and toads.Several smaller families show a high propensity to become seriously threatened:Bombinatoridae,Cryptobranchidae,Hynobiidae and Salamandridae.Like other parts of the world,stream-breeding,high-elevation forest amphibians have a much higher likeli-hood of being seriously threatened.Habitat loss,pollution,and over-harvesting are the most serious threats to Chinese amphibians.Over-harvesting is a less pervasive threat than habitat loss,but it is more likely to drive a species into rapid decline.Five conservation challenges are mentioned with recommendations for the highest priority research and conservation actions. | Michael Wai Neng LAU Simon N STUART Janice S CHANSON Neil A COX Debra L FISCHMAN | 2007 | Science China(Life Sciences)2007，50，2： | 12 |
| 3 | Elevated blood pressure: Our family's fault?The genetics of essential hypertension显示文摘AIM: To provide an updated review on current genetic aspects possibly affecting essential hypertension(EH), and to further elucidate their role in EH. METHODS: We searched for genetic and epigenetic factors in major studies associated with EH between Jan 2008-Oct 2013 using PubMed. We limited our search to reviews that discussed mostly human studies, and were accessible through the university online re-source. We found 11 genome wide association studies(GWAS), as well as five methylation and three miRNA studies that fit our search criteria. A distinction was not made between genes with protective effects or nega-tive effects, as this article is only meant to be a sum-mary of genes associated with any aspect of EH.RESULTS: We found 130 genes from the studies that met our inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of note, genes withmultiple study references include: STK39, CYP17A1, MTHFR-NPPA, MTHFR-NPPB, ATP2B1, CSK, ZNF652, UMOD, CACNB2, PLEKHA7, SH2B3, TBX3-TBX5, ULK4, CSK-ULK3, CYP1A2, NT5C2, CYP171A, PLCD3, SH2B3, ATXN2, CACNB2, PLEKHA7, SH2B3, TBX3-TBX5, ULK4, and HFE. The following genes overlapped between the genetic studies and epigenetic studies: WNK4 and BDKRB2. Several of the identified genes were found to have functions associated with EH. Many epigenetic factors were also correlated with EH. Of the epigenetic factors, there were no articles discussing siRNA and its effects on EH that met the search criteria, thus the topic was not included in this review. Among the miRNA tar-gets found to be associated with EH, many of the genes involved were also identified in the GWAS studies.CONCLUSION: Genetic hypertension risk algorithms could be developed in the future but may be of limited benefit due to the multi-factorial nature of EH. With emerging technologies, like next-generation sequenc-ing, more direct causal relationships between genetic and epigenetic factors affecting EH will likely be discov-ered creating a tremendous potential for personalized medicine using pharmacogenomics. | Aniket Natekar Randi L Olds Meghann W Lau Kathleen Min Karra Imoto Thomas P Slavin | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，5： | 7 |
| 4 | Frequent amplification of a chr19q13.41 microRNA polycistron in aggressive primitive neuroectodermal brain tumors显示文摘 | Li M Lee KF Lu Y Clarke I Shih D Eberhart C Collins VP Van Meter T Picard D Zhou L Boutros PC Modena P Liang ML Scherer SW Bouffet E Rutka JT Pomeroy SL Lau CC Taylor MD Gajjar A Dirks PB Hawkins CE Huang A. | 2009 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2009，7，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Suppression subtractive hybridization:A method for generating differentially regulated or tissue-specific cDNA probes and libraries显示文摘 | Diatchenko L Lau YF Campbell AP | 1996 | Proc Natl Acad USA1996，93，12： | 2 |
| 6 | Hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) of fluorocarbon and organosilicon thin films 显示文摘 | Limb S L Lau K S | 2001 | Thin Solid Films2001，395，12： | 2 |
| 7 | Strategy in emerging economies 显示文摘 | Hoskisson R E Eden L Lau C M Wright M | 2000 | Academy of Management Journal2000，43，3： | 1 |
| 8 | An effective quasi-human based heuristic for solving the rectangle packing problem显示文摘 | Wu Y L Huang W Q Lau S | 2002 | Europearl Journal of Operational Research2002，141，： | 1 |
| 9 | Emerging Web Graphics Standards and Technologies 显示文摘 | Lau R W H Li F Kunii T L | 2003 | IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications2003，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Effect of Milk Fat on the Stability of Vitamin A in Ultra-High Temperature Milk 显示文摘 | LAU B L T KAKUDA Y ARNOTT D R | 1986 | J Dairy Sci1986，69，： | 1 |
| 11 | The newsstand problem: a capacitated multiple-product single-period inventory problem显示文摘 | Lau H S Lau A H L | 1996 | European Journal of Operational Research1996，94，： | 1 |
| 12 | Suppression subtractive hy+bridization: a method for generating differentially regulated or tissue-specific cDNA probes and libraries显示文摘 | Lau Y F Campbell A P | 1996 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1996，93，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Gravitational Constraints on the Internal Structure of Ganymede显示文摘 | LAU E L SJOGREN W L, | 1996 | Nature1996，384，6609： | 1 |
| 14 | Suppression subtractive hybridization:a method for generating differentially regulated or tissue specific cDNA probes and libraries显示文摘 | Diatchenko L Lau Y F Campbell A P | 1996 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1996，93，12： | 1 |
| 15 | Determi- nation of the energy equivalent of a water solution calorim- eter with a standard substance显示文摘 | Mnotgomery R L Melaugh R A Lau C C | 1997 | J Chem Thermodynam- ics1997，9，： | 1 |
| 16 | Suppression subtractive hybridization: a versatile method for identifying differentially expressed genes显示文摘 | Diatchenko L Lukyanov S Lau YF | 1999 | Methods Enzymol1999，303，： | 1 |
| 17 | Determination of alprzaolam and its major metabolites in serum micro samples by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetics in rats显示文摘 | Jin L Lau CE | 1994 | JChromatogr B Biomed Appl1994，654，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Suppression subtractive hybridization: a method for generating differentially regulated or tissue-specific cDNA probes and libraries显示文摘 | Diatchenko L Lau YFC Campbell AP | 1996 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1996，93，12： | 1 |
| 19 | Suppression subtractive hybridization:A method for generating differentially regulated or tissue-specific DNA probe and libraries显示文摘 | Diatchenko L Lau YFC Campbell AP | 1996 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1996，93，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Robust Input Shaper Control Design for Parameter Variations in Flexible Structures显示文摘 | Pao L Y Lau M A | 2000 | Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control2000，122，1： | 1 |
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