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| 1 | Human leukocyte antigen typing and crossmatch:A comprehensive review显示文摘Renal transplantation remains the best option for patients suffering from end stage renal disease(ESRD).Given the worldwide shortage of organs and growing population of patients with ESRD,those waitlisted for a transplant is ever expanding.Contemporary crossmatch methods and human leukocyte antigen(HLA) typing play a pivotal role in improving organ allocation and afford better matches to recipients.Understanding crossmatch as well as HLA typing for renal transplantation and applying it in clinical practice is the key step to achieve a successful outcome.Interpretation of crossmatch results can be quite challenging where clinicians have not had formal training in applied transplant immunology.This review aims to provide a worked example using a clinical vignette.Furthermore,each technique is discussed in detail with its pros and cons.The index case is that of a young male with ESRD secondary to Lupus nephritis.He is offered a deceased donor kidney with a 1-0-0 mismatch.His complement dependent cytotoxicity(CDC) crossmatch reported positive for B lymphocyte,but flow cytometry crossmatch(FCXM) was reported negative for both B and T lymphocytes.Luminex-SAB(single antigen bead) did not identify any donor specific antibodies(DSA).He never had a blood transfusion.The positive CDCcrossmatch result is not concordant with DSA status.These implausible results are due to underlying lupus erythematosus,leading to false-positive B-lymphocyte crossmatch as a result of binding immune complexes to Fc-receptors.False positive report of CDC crossmatch can be caused by the underlying autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus,that may lead to inadvertent refusal of adequate kidney grafts.Detailed study of DSA by molecular technique would prevent wrong exclusion of such donors.Based on these investigations this patient is deemed to have 'standard immunological risk' for renal transplantation. | Mohammed Mahdi Althaf Mohsen El Kossi Jon Kim Jin Ajay Sharma Ahmed Mostafa Halawa | 2017 | World Journal of Transplantation2017，7，6： | 5 |
| 2 | De novo glomerular diseases after renal transplantation:How is it different from recurrent glomerular diseases?显示文摘The glomerular diseases after renal transplantation can occur de novo,i.e.,with no relation to the native kidney disease,or more frequently occur as a recurrence of the original disease in the native kidney.There may not be any difference in clinical features and histological pattern between de novo glomerular disease and recurrence of original glomerular disease.However,structural alterations in transplanted kidney add to dilemma in diagnosis.These changes in architecture of histopathology can happen due to:(1) exposure to the immunosuppression specifically the calcineurin inhibitors(CNI);(2) in vascular and tubulointerstitial alterations as a result of antibody mediated or cellmediated immunological onslaught;(3) post-transplant viral infections;(4) ischemia-reperfusion injury; and(5) hyperfiltration injury.The pathogenesis of the de novo glomerular diseases differs with each type.Stimulation of B-cell clones with subsequent production of the monoclonal Ig G,particularly Ig G3 subtype that has higher affinity to the negatively charged glomerular tissue,is suggested to be included in PGNMID pathogenesis.De novo membranous nephropathy canbe seen after exposure to the cryptogenic podocyte antigens.The role of the toxic effects of CNI including tissue fibrosis and the hemodynamic alterations may be involved in the de novo FSGS pathophysiology.The well-known deleterious effects of HCV infection and its relation to MPGN disease are frequently reported.The new concepts have emerged that demonstrate the role of dysregulation of alternative complement pathway in evolution of MPGN that led to classifying into two subgroups,immune complex mediated MPGN and complement-mediated MPGN.The latter comprises of the dense deposit disease and the C3 GN disease.De novo C3 disease is rather rare.Prognosis of de novo diseases varies with each type and their management continues to be empirical to a large extent. | Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Jon Kim Jin Ajay Sharma Ahmed Halawa | 2017 | World Journal of Transplantation2017，7，6： | 4 |
| 3 | Thrombotic microangiopathy after renal transplantation: Current insights in de novo and recurrent disease显示文摘Thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA) is one of the most devastating sequalae of kidney transplantation. A number of published articles have covered either de novo or recurrent TMA in an isolated manner. We have, hereby, in this article endeavored to address both types of TMA in a comparative mode. We appreciate that de novo TMA is more common and its prognosis is poorer than recurrent TMA; the latter has a genetic background, with mutations that impact disease behavior and, consequently, allograft and patient survival. Post-transplant TMA can occur as a recurrence of the disease involving the native kidney or as de novo disease with no evidence of previous involvement before transplant. While atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a rare disease that results from complement dysregulation with alternative pathway overactivity, de novo TMA is a heterogenous set of various etiologies and constitutes the vast majority of post-transplant TMA cases. Management of both diseases varies from simple maneuvers, e.g., plasmapheresis, drug withdrawal or dose modification, to lifelong complement blockade, which is rather costly. Careful donor selection and proper recipient preparation, including complete genetic screening, would be a pragmatic approach. Novel therapies, e.g., purified products of the deficient genes, though promising in theory, are not yet of proven value. | Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Jon Jin Kim Ajay Sharma Ahmed Halawa | 2018 | World Journal of Transplantation2018，8，5： | 4 |
| 4 | Safety and efficacy of sorafenib for the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation显示文摘 | Abhijeet Waghray Bengi Balci Galal El‐Gazzaz Richard Kim Robert Pelley KV Narayanan Menon Bassam Estfan Carlos Romero‐Marrero Federico Aucejo | 2013 | Clin Transplant2013，，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Recurrence of primary glomerulonephritis:Review of the current evidence显示文摘In view of the availability of new immunosuppression strategies,the recurrence of allograft glomerulonephritis(GN) are reported to be increasing with time post transplantation.Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the GN recurrent disease provided a better chance to develop new strategies to deal with the GN recurrence.Recurrent GN diseases manifest with a variable course,stubborn behavior,and poor response to therapy.Some types of GN lead to rapid decline of kidney function resulting in a frustrating return to maintenance dialysis.This subgroup of aggressive diseases actually requires intensive efforts to ascertain their pathogenesis so that strategy could be implemented for better allograft survival.Epidemiology of native glomerulonephritis as the cause of end-stage renal failure and subsequent recurrence of individual glomerulonephritis after renal transplantation was evaluated using data from various registries,and pathogenesis of individual glomerulonephritis is discussed.The following review is aimed to define current protocols of the recurrent primary glomerulonephritis therapy. | Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Jon Kim Jin Ajay Sharma Ahmed Halawa | 2017 | World Journal of Transplantation2017，7，6： | 2 |
| 6 | Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Activated Gene-1 Over Expression in Transgenic Mice Suppresses Intestinal Neoplasia显示文摘 | Seung Joon Baek Ryuji Okazaki Seong-Ho Lee Jeanelle Martinez Jong-Sik Kim Kiyoshi Yamaguchi Yuji Mishina David W. Martin Ahmed Shoieb Michael F. Mcentee Thomas E. Eling | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，5： | 2 |
| 7 | Chemokine-binding viral protein MT7 prevents chronic rejection in rat renal allografts显示文摘 | Bedard EL Kim P Jiang J | 2003 | Transplantation2003，76，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Solitary pulmonary nodules: dynamic enhanced multi-detector row CT study and compari son with vascular endothelial growth factor and microvessel density显示文摘 | Chin A Yi Kyung Soo Lee Eun A Kim el al | 2004 | Radiology2004，233，： | 1 |
| 9 | Dihydroartemisinin enhances radio- sensitivity of human glioma cells in vitro 显示文摘 | Kim S J Kim MS Lee JW el al | 2006 | J Cancer Rcs Clin Oneol2006，132，2： | 1 |
| 10 | A multicentre study of Shigella diarrhoea in six Asian countries:disease burden, clinical manifestations, and microbiology 显示文摘 | Seidlein L Kim DR Ali M at el | | Plos Med0，3，： | 1 |
| 11 | Treatment of GABA from Fermented Rice Germ Ameliorates Caffeine-Induced Sleep Distur- bance in Mice显示文摘 | Mabunga DF Gonzales EL Kim H J | 2015 | Biomol Ther (Seoul)2015，23，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Identification of bronchioalveolar stem cells in normal lung and lung cancer显示文摘 | Kim CF Jackson EL Woolfenden AE | 2005 | Cell2005，121，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Functional human hepatocytes:isolation from small liver biopsy samples and primary cultivation with liver-specific functions显示文摘 | Kim HM Han SB Hyun BH el al | 1995 | J Toxicol Sci1995，20，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Norepinephrine upregulates VEGF, IL-8, and IL-6 expression in human melanoma tumor cell lines: hnplications for stress-related enhancement of tumor pro- gression 显示文摘 | Yang EV Kim SJ Donovan EL | 2009 | Brain Behav Immun2009，23，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Cancer immunosuppres- sion and autoimmune disease: beyond immunosuppressive net- works for tumor immunity显示文摘 | Kim R Emiand M Tanabe K el al | 2006 | Immunology2006，119，： | 1 |
| 16 | A randomized phase II trial of' S-I- cxaliplatin versus capeciiabine-oxaliplatin in adwmced gaslric cancev显示文摘 | Kim GM Jeung El(i Rha SY el aI | 2012 | EurJ Can rer2012，48，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Quantification of hemodynamic changes induced by virtual placement of multiple stents across a wide-necked basilar trunk aneurysm 显示文摘 | Kim M Levy El Meng H | 2007 | Neurosurgery2007，61，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Variation of fracture toughness of asphalt concrete under low temperatures显示文摘 | KIM K W EL HUSSEIN M | 1997 | Journal of Construction and Building Materials1997，11，： | 1 |
| 19 | Identification of bronchioalveolar stem cells in normal lung and lung cancer显示文摘 | Kim CF Jackson EL Woolfenden AE | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 20 | Comparision of muhifidus muscle atrophy and trunk extension muscle strength:pereuta-neous versus open pedide serew fixation显示文摘 | Kim DY Lee SH Chung SK el al | 2005 | Spine2005，1，： | 1 |
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