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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance:An evidence-based approach显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) makes up 75%-85% of all primary liver cancers and is the fourth most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. Chronic liver disease is the most significant risk factor for HCC with 80%-90% of new cases occurring in the background of cirrhosis. Studies have shown that early diagnosis of HCC through surveillance programs improve prognosis and availability of curative therapies. All patients with cirrhosis and high-risk hepatitis B patients are at risk for HCC and should undergo surveillance. The recommended surveillance modality is abdominal ultrasound(US) given that it is cost effective and noninvasive with good sensitivity. However, US is limited in obese patients and those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). With the current obesity epidemic and rise in the prevalence of NAFLD, abdominal computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging may be indicated as the primary screening modality in these patients. The addition of alpha-fetoprotein to a surveillance regimen is thought to improve the sensitivity of HCC detection.Further investigation of serum biomarkers is needed. Semiannual screening is the suggested surveillance interval. Surveillance for HCC is underutilized and low adherence disproportionately affects certain demographics such as nonCaucasian race and low socioeconomic status. | Patrick S Harris Ross M Hansen Meagan E Gray Omar I Massoud Brendan M McGuire Mohamed G Shoreibah | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，13： | 31 |
| 3 | OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GeO_2 AND Ge NANOCRYSTALS显示文摘he co m pound m aterial of n m size particles Ge O2 Si O2 w as synthesied through hydrolysis of Si( O C2 H4) and Ge Cl4 . A heat treatm ent w as carried out for the sa m ples at 100 ~1200 ℃in air . Its optical property w as deter mined by U V Vis spectur m . We have found that theabsorption edge of spectru m shifted progressively to longer w avelengths . The quantu m size ef fect of nanocrystals appears because crystals gro w and energy of optical band gap reduces d ueto the influence of te m perature . By the analysis of X ray diffraction w e have observed theprocess in w hich the structure of particles changed fro m disorder into order . | Y.H.Zhou 1) ,Y.Y.Feng 2) and H.Y.Lu 2) 1)Department of Physics Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097,China 2)Physics and Ch寁O P T I C A L P R O P E R T I E S O F Ge O2 A N D Ge N A N O C R Y S T A L S Y. H. Zhou1) , Y. Y. Feng2) | 1999 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1999，12，5： | 22 |
| 4 | Significance of hepatitis virus infection in the oncogenicinitiation of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Chronic infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus(HCV) is a major risk factor in the development of the HCC, independently from excessive alcohol abuse and metabolic disease. Since the biology of HBV and HCV is different, their oncogenic effect may go through different mechanisms, direct and/or indirect. Viral hepatitis infection is associated with cellular inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, that may lead to subsequent hepatic injuries such as chronic hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally HCC. Direct oncogenic properties of these viruses are related with their genotypic characteristics and the ability of viral proteins to interact with host proteins, thus altering the molecular pathways balance of the cells. In addition, the integration of HBV DNA, especially the gene S and X, in a particular site of the host genome can disrupt chromosomal stability and may activate various oncogenic mechanisms, including those in hematopoietic cells. Recently, several studies also had demonstrated that viral hepatitis could trigger the population of hepatic cancer stem cells. This review summarize available pre-clinical and clinical data in literature regarding oncogenic properties of HBV and HCV in the early initiation of HCC. | Caecilia HC Sukowati Korri E El-Khobar Susan I Ie Beatrice Anfuso David H Muljono Claudio Tiribelli | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，4： | 18 |
| 5 | 高血压患者脑小血管病变化对认知功能的影响显示文摘高血压是脑小血管病进展与认知功能障碍的主要危险因素之一。该研究旨在探讨高血压患者脑小血管病损伤变化与认知功能减退及轻度认知功能障碍的关系。该研究的数据从ISSYS队列(探讨高血压无症状性脑卒中:一个磁共振成像研究)中获得,其是一项纵向人群研究,纳入基线无痴呆及脑卒中,年龄50~70岁的高血压患者。 | Jiménez-Balado J Riba-Llena I Abril O Garde E Penalba A Ostos E Maisterra O Montaner J Noviembre M Mundet X Ventura O Pizarro J Delgado P 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2019 | 中华高血压杂志2019，27，2： | 15 |
| 6 | 内脏脂肪组织通过产生骨桥蛋白调控成纤维细胞衰老促进心脏衰老显示文摘老化通过增加包括骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)在内的细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)蛋白的沉积引起心脏结构和功能改变进而导致进行性间质纤维化。虽然已知OPN参与各种病理状况,但其在心肌衰老中的作用仍不清楚。 | Sawaki D Czibik G Pini M Ternacle J Suffee N Mercedes R Marcelin G Surenaud M Marcos E Gual P Clément K Hue S Adnot S Hatem SN Tsuchimochi I Yoshimitsu T Hénégar C Derumeaux G 刘青 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，3： | 14 |
| 7 | 胃癌外科治疗:荷兰全国随机D1与D2临床试验15年随访结果报告显示文摘 | Songun I Putter H Kranenbarg E 张信华 | 2010 | 消化肿瘤杂志(电子版)2010，，01： | 13 |
| 8 | Hepatocellular carcinoma: Review of disease and tumor biomarkers显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a common malignancy and now the second commonest global cause of cancer death. HCC tumorigenesis is relatively silent and patients experience late symptomatic presentation. As the option for curative treatments is limited to early stage cancers, diagnosis in non-symptomatic individuals is crucial. International guidelines advise regular surveillance of high-risk populations but the current tools lack sufficient sensitivity for early stage tumors on the background of a cirrhotic nodular liver. A number of novel biomarkers have now been suggested in the literature, which may reinforce the current surveillance methods. In addition, recent metabonomic and proteomic discoveries have established specific metabolite expressions in HCC, according to Warburg's phenomenon of altered energy metabolism. With clinical validation, a simple and non-invasive test from the serum or urine may be performed to diagnose HCC, particularly benefiting low resource regions where the burden of HCC is highest. | Jin Un Kim Mohamed I F Shariff Mary M E Crossey Maria Gomez-Romero Elaine Holmes I Jane Cox Haddy K S Fye Ramou Njie Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，10： | 13 |
| 9 | 非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病冠状动脉疾病的危险因素:英国糖尿病前瞻性研究(UKPDS:23)显示文摘目的:评价2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉疾病的基线危险因素。设计:对2 693例资料完整的患者进行年龄和性别调整的逐步选择过程分析,以确定哪些冠状动脉疾病的危险因素应纳入 Cox 比例风险模型。对象:3 055例白人患者,平均年龄52岁,均新近诊断为2型糖尿病,且无动脉粥样硬化相关疾病的证据。平均随访期7.9年。335例患者于10年内出现冠状动脉疾病。结局评定:具有明确异常心电图的心绞痛、致死或非致死性心肌梗塞。结果:冠状动脉疾病与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低、甘油三酯浓度升高、高血红蛋白 A_(1c)、高收缩压、高空腹血糖以及吸烟史密切相关。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇较高1/3对较低1/3区间的估计风险比为2.26(95%可信区间为1.70~3.00),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为0.55(0.41~0.73),血红蛋白 A_(1c)为1.52(1.15~2.01),收缩压为1.82(1.34~2.47)。吸烟者的估计风险比为1.41(1.06~1.88)。结论:2型糖尿病患者中,存在冠状动脉疾病潜在的、可变的5种危险因素的交叉重叠影响。它们是低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低、高血压、高血糖和吸烟。 | R C Turner H Millns H A W Neil I M Stratton S E Manley D R Matthews R R Holman 赵维纲 | 1998 | 英国医学杂志中文版1998，0，3： | 11 |
| 10 | Real time endoscopic ultrasound elastography and strain ratio in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions显示文摘AIM To evaluate the accuracy of the elastography score combined to the strain ratio in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions(SPL). METHODS A total of 172 patients with SPL identified by endoscopic ultrasound were enrolled in the study to evaluate the efficacy of elastography and strain ratio in differentiating malignant from benign lesions. The semi quantitative score of elastography was represented by the strain ratio method. Two areas were selected, area(A) representing the region of interest and area(B) representing the normal area. Area(B) was then divided by area(A). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV), and accuracy were calculated by comparing diagnoses made by elastography, strain ratio and final diagnoses.RESULTS SPL were shown to be benign in 49 patients and malignant in 123 patients. Elastography alone had a sensitivity of 99%, a specificity of 63%, and an accuracy of 88%, a PPV of 87% and an NPV of 96%. The best cut-off level of strain ratio to obtain the maximal area under the curve was 7.8 with a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 77%, PPV of 91%, NPV of 80% and an accuracy of 88%. Another estimated cut off strain ratio level of 3.8 had a higher sensitivity of 99% and NPV of 96%, but with less specificity, PPV and accuracy 53%, 84% and 86%, respectively. Adding both elastography to strain ratio resulted in a sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 77%, PPV of 91%, NPV of 95% and accuracy of 92% for the diagnosis of SPL. CONCLUSION Combining elastography to strain ratio increases the accuracy of the differentiation of benign from malignant SPL. | Hussein Okasha Shaimaa Elkholy Ramy El-Sayed Mohamed-Naguib Wifi Mohamed El-Nady Walid El-Nabawi Waleed A El-Dayem Mohamed I Radwan Ali Farag Yahya El-sherif Emad Al-Gemeie Ahmed Salman Mohamed El-Sherbiny Ahmed El-Mazny Reem E Mahdy | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，32： | 11 |
| 11 | Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in operated stomach: Outcome of 105 cases显示文摘AIM: To compare the causes and clinical outcome of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGB) and a history of gastric surgery to those with AUGB but without a history of gastric surgery in the past.METHODS: The causes and clinical outcome were compared between 105 patients with AUGB and a history of gastric surgery, and 608 patients with AUGB but without a history of gastric surgery.RESULTS: Patients who underwent gastric surgery in the past were older (mean age: 68.1±11.7 years vs 62.8±17.8 years, P= 0.001), and the most common cause of bleeding was marginal ulcer in 63 patients (60%). No identifiable source of bleeding could be found in 22 patients (20.9%) compared to 42/608 (6.9%) in patients without a history of gastric surgery (P = 0.003). Endoscopic hemostasis was permanently successful in 26 out of 35 patients (74.3%) with peptic ulcers and active bleeding or non-bleeding visible vessel. Nine patients (8.6%) were operated due to continuing or recurrent bleeding,compared to 23/608 (3.8%) in the group of patients without gastric surgery in the past (P= 0.028). Especially in peptic ulcer bleeding patients, emergency surgery was more common in the group of patients with gastric surgery in the past [9/73 (12.3%) vs 19/360 (5.3%), P = 0.025].Moreover surgically treated patients in the past required more blood transfusion (3.3±4.0 vs 1.5±1.7, P = 0.0001) and longer hospitalization time (8.6±4.0 vs 6.9±4.9 d,P = 0.001) than patients without a history of gastric surgery. Mortality was not different between the two groups [4/105 (3.8%) vs 19/608 (3.1%)].CONCLUSION: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding seems to be more severe in surgically treated patients than in non-operated patients. | Vassiliki N Nikolopoulou Konstantinos C Thomopoulos George I Theocharis Vassiliki A Arvaniti Constantine E Vagianos | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，29： | 9 |
| 12 | 消耗肠道微生物能够减轻肾脏缺血再灌注损伤显示文摘越来越多的证据表明,肠道微生物群通过调节局部和全身的免疫力而在健康和疾病中发挥重要作用;然而,微生物组在肾脏疾病发生中的重要性在很大程度上是未知的。 | Emal D Rampanelli E Stroo I 王建中 | 2017 | 中华肾病研究电子杂志2017，6，4： | 9 |
| 13 | 强脉冲离子注入中的脉冲能量效应研究显示文摘在脉冲离子束流密度为15-120A/cm2、脉宽为50-150ns、加速电压为150-260kV范围内,在1×104cm-2的低注量水平上,研究了高功率Cn++H+混合离子束注入45号钢样品的强脉冲能量效应.摩擦磨损和微观硬度测量以及SEM和X射线衍射分析表明,上述低注量强脉冲离子束注入可以改变材料表面的微观结构和力学特性,而且强烈依赖于单个脉冲离子束的功率密度和能量密度,在相同离子注量条件下,普通C++H+离子注入对45号钢样品表面微硬度和摩擦系数未见明显影响.直接证明了强脉冲能量效应在离子注入中是相对独立于注入元素掺杂效应的又一可利用的重要效应.基于一维导热模型,讨论了强脉冲能量效应以及脉冲离子束功率密度对离子束材料表面改性的作用。 | 赵渭江 颜莎 乐小云 韩宝玺 薛建明 王宇钢 Remmev G E Opekounov M S Isakov I F Grushin II | 2000 | 核技术2000，23，10： | 8 |
| 14 | Metadoxine improves the three- and six-month survival rates in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the impact of metadoxine(MTD) on the 3- and 6-mo survival of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis(AH).METHODS:This study was an open-label clinical trial,performed at the'Hospital General de México,Dr.Eduardo Liceaga'.We randomized 135 patients who met the criteria for severe AH into the following groups:35 patients received prednisone(PDN)40 mg/d,35patients received PDN+MTD 500 mg three times daily,33 patients received pentoxifylline(PTX)400 mg three times daily,and 32 patients received PTX+MTD 500 mg three times daily.The duration of the treatment for all of the groups was 30 d.RESULTS:In the groups treated with the MTD,thesurvival rate was higher at 3 mo(PTX+MTD 59.4%vs PTX 33.3%,P=0.04;PDN+MTD 68.6%vs PDN20%,P=0.0001)and at 6 mo(PTX+MTD 50%vs PTX18.2%,P=0.01;PDN+MTD 48.6%vs PDN 20%,P=0.003)than in the groups not treated with MTD.A relapse in alcohol intake was the primary independent factor predicting mortality at 6 mo.The patients receiving MTD maintained greater abstinence than those who did not receive it(74.5%vs 59.4%,P=0.02).CONCLUSION:MTD improves the 3-and 6-mo survival rates in patients with severe AH.Alcohol abstinence is a key factor for survival in these patients.The patients who received the combination therapy with MTD were more likely to maintain abstinence than those who received monotherapy with either PDN or PTX. | Fátima Higuera-de la Tijera Alfredo I Servín-Caamano Aurora E Serralde-Zúniga Javier Cruz-Herrera Eduardo Pérez-Torres Juan M Abdo-Francis Francisco Salas-Gordillo JoséL Pérez-Hernández | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，16： | 8 |
| 15 | Colonic duplication in adults: Report of two cases presenting with rectal bleeding显示文摘Gastrointestinal duplication is an uncommon congenital abnormality in two-thirds of cases manifesting before the age of 2 years. Ileal duplication is common while colonic duplication, either cystic or tubular, is a rather unusual clinical entity that remains asymptomatic and undiagnosed in most cases. Mostly occurring in pediatric patients,colonic duplication is encountered in adults only in a few cases. This study reports two cases of colonic duplication in adults. Both cases presented with rectal bleeding on admission. The study was focused on clinical, imaging,histological, and therapeutical aspects of the presenting cases. Gastrografin enema established the diagnosis in both cases. The cystic structure and the adjacent part of the colon were excised en-block. The study implies that colonic duplication, though uncommon, should be included in the differential diagnosis of rectal bleeding. | C Fotiadis M Genetzakis I Papandreou EP Misiakos E Agapitos GC Zografos | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，32： | 7 |
| 16 | 评估清晨或夜晚服用降压药对24h动态血压的影响:清晨或夜间服用降压药的希腊英国联合研究显示文摘观察数据显示,临床血压水平与随后的主要不良心血管事件之间存在强烈的线性关系。然而,动态血压监测显示,夜间血压水平比24h或白天血压水平更能预测主要的不良心血管事件。此外,夜间与白天的血压比值和杓型状态也是心血管结局的重要独立预测因素。这些发现可能对抗高血压药物的最佳给药时间有影响,一些研究表明,夜晚服用降压药可能较白天服药减少心血管事件。 | Poulter NR Savopoulos C Anjum A Apostolopoulou M Chapman N Cross M Falaschetti E Fotiadis S James RM Kanellos I Szigeti M Thom S Sever P Thompson D Hatzitolios AI 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，10： | 7 |
| 17 | From blood to breath: New horizons for esophageal cancer biomarkers显示文摘Esophageal cancer is a lethal cancer encompassing adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma subtypes. The global incidence of esophageal cancer is increasing world-wide, associated with the increased prevalence of associated risk factors. The asymptomatic nature of disease often leads to late diagnosis and five-year survival rates of less than 15%. Current diagnostic tools are restricted to invasive and costly endoscopy and biopsy for histopathology. Minimally and non-invasive biomarkers of esophageal cancer are needed to facilitate earlier detection and better clinical management of patients. This paper summarises recent insights into the development and clinical validation of esophageal cancer biomarkers, focussing on circulating markers in the blood, and the emerging area of breath and odorant biomarkers. | Roger Yazbeck Simone E Jaenisch David I Watson | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，46： | 6 |
| 18 | Augmented reality assisted surgery: a urologic training tool显示文摘扩充现实广泛地在航空学被使用并且是在外科以内的一个发展中的概念。在这个预研项目,我们在古格尔·格拉斯 ® 上为使用开发了一个应用程序训练在怎么放可膨胀的阴茎修复术的泌尿学居民的光装头的显示。我们使用扩充的短语现实帮助了外科在外科的设置描述扩充现实的这个新奇应用程序。应用程序表明可膨胀的阴茎修复术放置的外科的过程的步。它也包含允许的软件用一个照相机的点从光装头的显示喂使教师能在阴茎修复术的放置期间与居民一起交往的兴趣的察觉。自愿参加学习的泌尿学受训练者和教师被给时间经历技术在起作用或 perioperative 背景并且要求完成反馈调查。从用 10 点规模的 30 个全部的参加者,教育实用性被评估 8.6,航行的容易被评估 7.6,到使用的可能性的被评估 7.4,并且在操作空间的分心被评估 4.9。当在受训练者和教师之间成层时,受训练者发现技术更教育有用,并且少些分散。总的来说, 81% 参加者在他们的住处程序想要这种技术,并且 93% 以后在操作房间里看见这种技术。这种技术的进一步的开发在完整的版本前被保证,并且进一步的研究是必要的更好描绘扩充现实的有效性在泌尿科的外科的训练的帮助外科。 | Ryan M Dickey Neel Srikishen Larry I Lipshultz Philippe E Spiess Rafael E Carrion Tariq S Hakky | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，5： | 6 |
| 19 | 肠道SOCS3蛋白调控炎症性肠病发展显示文摘根据Lancaster大学科学家开展的一项研究发现:炎性肠病(IBD)的发展会受到肠道中一种能导致炎症的蛋白质的影响。在英国,每百人中有一人在其一生中将罹患IBD,包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎。肠衬里被修复的速度取决于其与肠道中细菌的相互作用。肠道微生物的改变影响肠衬里被修复的速度,肠衬里提供了抵御肠道内传染性病原体的第一道防线。整个肠道衬有单层上皮细胞,在IBD情况下,单层上皮细胞UI发炎和被毁坏。研究人员发现,其在IBD情况下。 | Thagia I Shaw EJ Smith E | 2015 | 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志2015，4，2： | 6 |
| 20 | 液态二氧化碳对俄罗斯某油藏稠油的膨胀与萃取作用实验显示文摘利用俄罗斯某油藏稠油样品,通过实验分析稠油与液态CO_2混合后两者之间的质量传递作用以及混合物中重相(稠油和CO_2的混合物)和轻相(纯CO_2)的特性变化。研究表明,当混合物中CO_2浓度为10%时,稠油基本上不发生膨胀;当混合物中CO_2浓度高于26%时,由于稠油轻质组分的萃取量超过了CO_2在稠油中的饱和量导致重相体积减少,重相黏度呈指数增长,混合物中CO_2的浓度为26%时,有效降低重相黏度的作用最强;重相和轻相密度、体积系数、气体溶解度和闪蒸重相黏度均随着混合物中CO_2浓度的增加而变大;混合物中最佳的CO_2浓度是26%,此时稠油膨胀最大、重相的黏度值最小;混合物中CO_2的浓度为10%~26%时,轻相的体积最小,驱油效果最好。 | LOBANOV A A SHHEKOLDIN K A STRUCHKOV I A ZVONKOV M A HLAN M V PUSTOVA E J KOVALENKO V A ZOLOTUKHIN A B | 2018 | 石油勘探与开发2018，45，5： | 6 |
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