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| 1 | 肝的 osteodystrophy : 为在长期的肝的考虑的一件重要的事疾病显示文摘 Hepatic osteodystrophy (HO) is the generic term defining the group of alterations in bone mineral metabolism found in patients with chronic liver disease. This paper is a global review of HO and its main pathophysiological, epidemiological and therapeutic aspects. Studies examining the most relevant information concerning the prevalence, etiological factors, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects involved in HO were identified by a systematic literature search of the PubMed database. HO generically defines overall alterations in bone mineral density (BMD) (osteoporosis or osteopenia) which appear as a possible complication of chronic liver disease. The origin of HO is multifactorial and its etiology and severity vary in accordance with the underlying liver disease. Its exact prevalence is unknown, but different studies estimate that it could affect from 20% to 50% of patients. The reported mean prevalence of osteoporosis ranges from 13%-60% in chronic cholestasis to 20% in chronic viral hepatitis and 55% in viral cirrhosis. Alcoholic liver disease is not always related to osteo-penia. HO has been commonly studied in chronic cholestatic disease (primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis). Several risk factors and pathogenic mechanisms have been associated with the loss of BMD in patients with chronic liver disease. However, little information has been discovered in relationship to most of these mechanisms. Screening for osteopenia and osteoporosis is recommended in advanced chronic liver disease. There is a lack of randomized studies assessing specific management for HO. | Germán López-Larramona Alfredo J Lucendo Sonia González-Castillo José M Tenias | 2011 | World Journal of Hepatology2011，3，12： | 9 |
| 2 | Effects of feeding yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae), organic selenium and chromium mixed on growth performance and carcass traits of hair lambs显示文摘Yeasts and organic minerals are used in diets to improve health, productive performance and some carcass characteristics of ruminants and non-ruminants. Thirty-two lambs(Pelibuey×Katahdin; BW=(30.55±1.67) kg; n=8) were used in a 56-d feeding experiment to study the effects of different levels of live yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae; yeast), selenium(Se) and chromium(Cr) mixed(Se-Cr), and a mixture of yeast-Se-Cr on growth performance and carcass traits. Animals were stratified by body weight(BW) and randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 1) control group(0.0 g kg–1 yeast); 2) yeast(1.50 g kg–1 dry matter intake(DMI) d–1); 3) Se-Cr premix(1.5 mg kg–1 DMI d–1 for each mineral); and 4) yeast-Se-Cr mixture. There were no treatment effects on final BW; whereas lambs fed Se-Cr or yeast-Se-Cr had higher(P<0.05) DMI than animals supplemented with only yeast. Average daily gain(ADG), gain:feed ratio, chop area, dorsal fat and carcass yield were similar(P>0.05) among treatment groups. In conclusion, supplementation with yeast, Se-Cr mixed or yeast-Se-Cr did not improve ADG, final BW, back fat content and carcass yield of growing of Pelibuey×Katahdin lambs. Supplementation with Se-Cr and yeast-Se-Cr increased DMI, and approximately 250 g ADG animal–1 d–1 was produced with no negative effects on growth and health of the animals. | Pedro A Hernández-García Alejandro Lara-Bueno Germán D Mendoza-Martínez José R Bárcena-Gama Fernando X Plata-Pérez Rufino López-Ordaz José A Martínez-García | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes 显示文摘 | MALCOVATI L GERMING U KUENDGEN A | 2007 | Clin Oncol2007，25，： | 1 |
| 4 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes显示文摘 | Malcovati L Germing U Kuendgen A | | 0，，23： | 1 |
| 5 | Time-de- pendent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes显示文摘 | Malcovati L Germing U Kuendgen A | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，25，23： | 1 |
| 6 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes显示文摘 | Malcovati L Germing U Kuendgen A | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，25，23： | 1 |
| 7 | Pat tern of injury andthe role of neut roph ils in reperfusion injury of ratlung 显示文摘 | EPP I N GERM J JON ESM L | 1995 | J Surg Res1995，58，： | 1 |
| 8 | Prognostic factors in primary gastric lymphoma显示文摘 | MEDINA-FRANCO H GERMES S S MALDONADO C L | 2007 | Ann Surg Oncol2007，14，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Prognostic factors in primary gastric lymphorna 显示文摘 | Medina-Franco H Germes S S Maldonado C L | 2007 | Ann Surg 0ncol2007，14，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes显示文摘 | Malcovati L Germing U Kuendgen A | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，25，23： | 1 |
| 11 | Changes in bird species richness through different levels of urbanization: Implications for biodiversity conservation and garden design in Central Brazil显示文摘 | Elivania Reis Germán Manuel López-Iborra Renato Torres Pinheiro | 2012 | Landscape and Urban Planning2012，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes 显示文摘 | Malcovati L Germing U Kuendgen A | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，2535，： | 1 |
| 13 | The wear behaviour of electro-codeposited Ni-SiC composites 显示文摘 | HOU K H GERM D WANG L M | 2002 | Wear2002，253，910： | 1 |
| 14 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evo- lution in myelodysplastic syndromes 显示文摘 | Malcovati L Germing U Kuendgen A | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，25，23： | 1 |
| 15 | Clinical Pattern and Therapeutic Results Achieved in 1490 Patients with Germ-Cell Tumours of the Testis: the Experience of the Spanish Germ-Cell Cancer Group (GG)显示文摘 | J.R Germà-Lluch X Garcia del Muro P Maroto L Paz-Ares J.A Arranz J Gumà E Alba J Sastre J Aparicio A Fernández A Barnadas J Terrassa A Sáenz D Almenar M López-Brea M.A Climent M.A Sánchez R Lasso de la Vega G Berenguer X Pérez | 2002 | European Urology2002，，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes显示文摘 | MALCOVATI L GERMING U KUENDGEN A | 2007 | J Clin Ohcol2007，25，23： | 1 |
| 17 | Difference in clinical features between Japanese and German patients with refractory anemia in myelodysplastic syndromes 显示文摘 | Matsuda A Germing U Jinnai L | 2005 | Blood2005，106，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes显示文摘 | MALCOVATI L GERMING U KUENDGEN A | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，25，： | 1 |
| 19 | Time-dependent prognos- tic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in my- elodysplastic syndromes显示文摘 | Malcovati L Germing U Kuendgen A | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，25，23： | 1 |
| 20 | Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survivaland lerkemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes 显示文摘 | Malcovatic L Germing U Kuendgen A | 2007 | JClin Oncol2007，25，3： | 1 |
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