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| 1 | 小胶质细胞可能通过选择性吞噬丘脑底核谷氨酸能突触来代偿多巴胺能神经元丢失造成的帕金森模型鼠的功能缺失显示文摘当帕金森患者出现临床症状时,其黑质致密部的绝大部分多巴胺神经元已发生退行性改变。这提示可能存在某些代偿机制,延缓了临床症状的出现。本研究制作6-羟多巴胺诱导的偏侧帕金森大鼠模型,观察位于黑质下网状部和苍白球的激活的小胶质细胞在代偿机制中的作用。研究发现,在偏侧帕金森大鼠中,黑质下网状部聚集的激活的小胶质细胞远多于苍白球中。激活的小胶质细胞胞体增大并表达吞噬物标志物CD68和NG2蛋白多糖。激活的小胶质细胞聚集在黑质下网状部的特定部位,该部位的突触蛋白I和突触后密集蛋白95的表达降低。活化的小胶质细胞吞噬突触前、后膜上的各种蛋白,包括NMDA受体。将红色荧光标记物Di I作为顺行示踪剂注入丘脑底核,可见黑质下网状部和苍白球内的细胞吞噬了Di I。在谷氨酸刺激下,原代培养的小胶质细胞吞噬活动增强,编码吞噬相关因子的m RNA转录水平也增加。人工合成的糖皮质激素地塞米松可以减弱这种改变。给PD大鼠皮下注射地塞米松,可以抑制黑质下网状部小胶质细胞的活化,运动功能障碍进一步加重,谷氨酸能突触转录m RNA增加,GABA能突触转录m RNA水平未增加。这些发现提示,当谷氨酸能神经元活动增强时,黑质下网状部和苍白球的小胶质细胞活化,选择性吞噬丘脑底核的谷氨酸能突触。因此,在基底核区可能存在一个负反馈环路,间接地代偿了由于多巴胺能神经元丢失而导致的功能障碍。小胶质细胞在这个负反馈环路中扮演了重要的角色。 | Aono H Choudhury ME Higaki H Miyanishi K Kigami Y Fujita K Akiyama JI Takahashi H Yano H Kubo M Nishikawa N Nomoto M Tanaka J 唐颖馨 | 2017 | 神经损伤与功能重建2017，12，5： | 7 |
| 2 | 螺内酯与可乐定作为难治性高血压第4种治疗药物的比较:难治性高血压的最佳治疗随机研究显示文摘该研究旨在通过一个多中心随机试验对作为难治性高血压患者的第4种治疗药物的螺内酯与可乐定进行比较。采用药丸计数评估药物治疗依从性。难治性高血压患者(定义为包括1种利尿剂在内的3种药物治疗12周,诊室及动态血压监测血压仍未控制)随机给予螺内酯(12.5~50 mg/d)或可乐定(0.1~0.3mg,2次/d)继续治疗12周。 | Krieger EM Drager LF Giorgi DMA Pereira AC Barreto-Filho JAS Nogueira AR Mill JG Lotufo PA Amodeo C Batista MC Bodanese LC Carvalho ACC Castro I Chaves H Costa EAS Feitosa GS Franco RJS Fuchs FD Guimarāes AC Jardim PC Machado CA Magalhāes ME Mion D Jr Nascimento RM Nobre F Nóbrega AC Ribeiro ALP Rodrigues-Sobrinho CR Sanjuliani AF Teixeira MDCB Krieger JE ReHOT Investigators 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，3： | 7 |
| 3 | Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: Non-invasive assessment显示文摘Chronic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and usually develops over many years, as a result of chronic inflammation and scarring, resulting in end-stage liver disease and its complications. The progression of disease is characterised by ongoing inflammation and consequent fibrosis, although hepatic steatosis is increasingly being recognised as an important pathological feature of disease, rather than being simply an innocent bystander. However, the current gold standard method of quantifying and staging liver disease, histological analysis by liver biopsy, has several limitations and can have associated morbidity and even mortality. Therefore, there is a clear need for safe and noninvasive assessment modalities to determine hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. This review covers key mechanisms and the importance of fibrosis and steatosis in the progression of liver disease. We address non-invasive imaging and blood biomarker assessments that can be used as an alternative to information gained on liver biopsy. | Rustam N Karanjia Mary ME Crossey I Jane Cox Haddy KS Fye Ramou Njie Robert D Goldin Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，45： | 6 |
| 4 | 2型糖尿病患者采用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂治疗后血清肌酐急性升高及其继续治疗对主要临床结局的影响显示文摘血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂开始治疗后血清肌酐急性升高≥30%时推荐停药。但血清肌酐升高后继续服药或停药对主要临床结局的长期影响仍不明确。在ADVANCE(糖尿病与血管疾病行动:培哚普利-吲达帕胺与达美康缓释片对照评估)试验中,11 140例糖尿病患者在6周活性导入期后随机采用培哚普利-吲达帕胺或安慰剂治疗。 | Ohkuma T Jun M Rodgers A Cooper ME Glasziou P Hamet P Harrap S Mancia G Marre M Neal B Perkovic V Poulter N Williams B Zoungas S Chalmers J Woodward M 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2019 | 中华高血压杂志2019，27，1： | 6 |
| 5 | 中年直立性低血压和晕倒的风险显示文摘每年有1/3老年人晕倒。直立性低血压(orthostatic hypotension,OH)被认为是晕倒的重要危险因素之一,但先前对此研究的结论并不一致。 | Juraschek SP Daya N Appel LJ Miller ER Windham BG Pompeii L Griswold ME Kucharska-Newton A Selvin E 陈云 叶鹏 | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，10： | 3 |
| 6 | Arginine in asthma and lung inflammation显示文摘 | King NE Rothenberg ME Zimmermann N | 2004 | J Nutr2004，134，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Cardiac hypertrophy and arterial distensibility in essential hypertension显示文摘 | Bouthier JD Deluca N Safar ME | 1985 | Am Heart J1985，109，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Intermittent androgen suppression delays progression to androgen-dependent regulation of prostate-specific antigen gene in the LNCaP prostate turnout model显示文摘 | Sato N Gleave ME Bruehovsky N | 1996 | J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol1996，58，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Bcl-X (L) antisense sensitizes human colon cancer cell line to 5-fluorouracil 显示文摘 | Nita ME Ono-Nita SK Tsuno N | 2000 | Jpn J Cancer Res2000，91，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Antibiotics for Bacterial Vaginosis or Trichomonas in Pregnancy:A Systematic Review显示文摘 | Okun N Gronau KA Hannah ME | 2005 | Obstet & Gynecol2005，105，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Migraine and cardiovascular disease : a population-based study 显示文摘 | Bigal ME Kurth T Santanello N | 2010 | Neurology2010，74，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Potentneutralization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B by synergisticaction of chimeric antibodies显示文摘 | Tilahun ME Rajagopalan G Shah-Mahoney N | 2010 | Infect Immun2010，78，6： | 1 |
| 13 | The source of Helicobacter pylori infection in the neonatal period 显示文摘 | Baldassarre ME Monno R Laforgla N | 2009 | Journal of perinatal medicine2009，37，3： | 1 |
| 14 | New views on the pathogenesis of high-grade pelvic serous carcinoma with suggestions for advancing future research显示文摘 | Sherman ME Guido R Wentzensen N | 2012 | Gynecol Oncol2012，127，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Red blood cell blood group antigens:structure and function显示文摘 | Reid ME Mohandas N | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 16 | Neisseria gonorrhoeae- induced human defensins 5 and 6 increase HIV infectivity: role in enhanced transmission显示文摘 | Klotman ME Rapista A Teleshova N | 2008 | J Immunol2008，180，9： | 1 |
| 17 | Positive psychology progress: empirical validation of interventions显示文摘 | Seligman ME Steen TA Park N | 2005 | Am Psy chol2005，60，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Oli-gomycin induces a decrease in the cellular content of a pathogenicmutation in the human mitochondrial ATPase 6 gene显示文摘 | MANFREDI G GUPTA N VAZQUEZ MEMUE ME | 1999 | J BiolChem1999，274，14： | 1 |
| 19 | Intermittent androgen suppression in the treatment of prostate cancer: a preliminary report 显示文摘 | Bruchovsky N Gleave ME | 1995 | Urology1995，45，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Ghrelin increases anxiety- like behavior and memory retention in rats显示文摘 | Carlini VP Monzo n ME Varas MM | 2002 | Biochemical and Bioph- ysical Research Communications2002，299，5： | 1 |
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