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| 1 | The Reference Genome Sequence of Scutellaria baicalensis Provides Insights into the Evolution of Wogonin Biosynthesis显示文摘Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is important in Chinese traditional medicine where preparations of dried roots,'Huang Qin,' are used for liver and lung complaints and as complementary cancer treatments. We report a high-quality reference genome sequence for S. baicalensis where 93% of the 408.14-Mb genome has been assembled into nine pseudochromosomes with a super-N50 of 33.2 Mb. Comparison of this sequence with those of closely related species in the order Lamiales, sesamum indicum and Salvia splendens,revealed that a specialized metabolic pathway for the synthesis of 4'-deoxyflavone bioactives evolved in the genus Scu-tellaria. We found that the gene encoding a specific cinnamate coenzyme A ligase likely obtained its newfunc- tion following recent mutations, and that four genes encoding enzymes in the 4'-deoxyflavone pathway are present as tandem repeats in the genome of S. baicalensis. Further analyses revealed that gene duplications, segmental duplication, gene amplification, and point mutations coupled to gene neo- and subfunctionaliza-tions were involved in the evolution of 4'-deoxyflavone synthesis in the genus Scutellaria. Our study not only provides significant insight into the evolution of specific flavone biosynthetic pathways in the mint family, Lamiaceae, but also will facilitate the development of tools for enhancing bioactive productivity by metabolic engineering in microbes or by molecular breeding in plants. The reference genome of S. baicalensis is also useful for improving the genome assemblies for other members of the mint family and offers an important foundation for decoding the synthetic pathways of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants. | Qing Zhao Jun Yang Meng-Ying Cui Jie Liu Yumin Fang Mengxiao Yan Wenqing Qiu Huiwen Shang Zhicheng Xu Reheman Yidiresi Jing-Ke Weng Tomas Pluskal Marielle Vigouroux Burkhard Steuernagel Yukun Wei Lei Yang Yonghong Hu Xiao-Ya Chen Cathie Martin | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，7： | 23 |
| 2 | Surgical management of esophagogastric junction tumors显示文摘 | Burkhard HA von Rahden Hubert J Stein J Rüdiger Siewert | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，41： | 18 |
| 3 | 粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子在肺泡蛋白沉积症患者中的表达显示文摘目的 研究粒 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 (GM CSF)蛋白及mRNA在 4例肺泡蛋白沉积症(PAP)患者中的表达 ,探索PAP的发病机制。方法 采用ELISA法测定GM CSF蛋白 ,采用RT PCR检测外周血单个核细胞及肺泡巨噬细胞中GM CSFmRNA表达水平。GM CSFcDNA测序采用双脱氧链终止反应法。结果 4例PAP中 3例外周血单个核细胞和肺泡巨噬细胞均检测不到GM CSF释放 ,但mRNA表达水平均正常。cDNA测序发现 1例PAP患者GM CSFcDNA第 3 82位碱基发生点突变 (T→C) ,致 117位氨基酸序列发生改变 (异亮氨酸→苏氨酸 )。结论 GM CSF蛋白表达异常与PAP发病可能有关 ,GM CSFcDNA点突变可能是导致GM | 王选锭 罗发满 刘富光 Burkhard Bewig | 2001 | 中华结核和呼吸杂志2001，24，7： | 18 |
| 4 | Assessing Agricultural Sustainable Development Based on the DPSIR Approach: Case Study in Jiangsu, China显示文摘According to the contemporary ecosystem approach, the linkages of human actions with their environment have to be assessed in an integrative manner. The Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model is applied to identify and describe processes and interactions in human-environmental systems. An example application from a research project dealing with the development of sustainable management strategies for the agriculture in Jiangsu, China, illustrates the potentials and limitations of its sustainable development. The concept and indicators of ecological integrity are used to assess the indicators in the dimensions of DPSIR between 2003 and 2006. The main drivers included population growth which caused increasing demand for food, growing environmental demands, and rapidly decreasing of land and other natural resources. The main environmental problem was water pollution. The results show that in the dimension of driver, total grain output and agricultural land productivity both increased. Labor intensive agriculture has been promoted to increase agricultural land productivity. In the dimension of pressure, on the positive side, infrastructure got greatly improved, the input level such as total power of machinery, and level of fertilizer use increased, and level of pesticides use decreased, but on the negative side, cultivated land per capita and irrigation rate decreased, natural resources keep decreased. Environmental pollution indicators such as industrial wastewater discharge and acid rain rate increased in Jiangsu Province. In the aspect of state, ecosystem state was improved, plant coverage index increased, biological abundance index increased, fertilizer productivity increased, eco-environmental quality index increased, but land degradation index also increased. In the aspect of impact, output level increased, output efficiency enhanced, farmer's social economic benefit improved. In the aspect of response, social support was greatly improved, input for environmental governance increased. To assess the effects of environmental governance, Jiangsu government was successful to increase compliance rate of sulfur dioxide emissions, but not so efficient in compliance rate of industrial wastewater discharge. | ZHOU Shu-dong Felix Mueller Benjamin Burkhard CAO Xing-jin HOU Ying | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2013，12，7： | 12 |
| 5 | 激光性角膜手术与眼内屈光手术矫治超高度近视眼显示文摘目的:评价及探讨矫治超高度近视眼的各类屈光手术的有效性、稳定性和安全性。方法:随机选择临床中观察到的超高度近视患者行各类屈光手术者108眼,近视范围-10.00~-24.50D,术前屈光度平均为(-12.25±1.53)D,散光平均为(-1.52±0.55)D;手术方式的选择:(1)I组52眼,行LASIK术:(2)II组23眼,行透明晶状体超声乳化摘除加后房型人工晶状体植入术。(3)III组33眼行有晶状体眼虹膜固定型人工晶状体植入术。术后随访观察平均6mo,主要观察术后裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、屈光度、眼压及眼前段、眼底情况。结果:三组术后裸眼视力均比术前提高,术后裸眼视力≥0.5者分别是42眼(80.8%),20眼(87.0%),28眼(84.8%),术后屈光度分别为(-2.10±2.38)D,(-1.75±1.33)D,(0.83±1.16)D,主要并发症I组术后6mo黄斑出血1眼,II组术后15mo视网膜脱离1眼,III组平均角膜内皮细胞丢失率为4.5%。结论:对于超高度近视,晶状体性屈光手术效果优于LASIK术。对超高度近视行屈光手术,要根据患者年龄,眼部情况,手术医师的技术等,选择安全、有效、稳定性好的手术。 | 杨阳 何阳 H. Burkhard Dick | 2008 | 国际眼科杂志2008，8，10： | 9 |
| 6 | Characterization of pavement texture by means of height difference correlation and relation to wet skid resistance显示文摘Driving safety is of utmost importance in the automobile industry and is acknowledged by the introduction of the tire wet grip index as part of the EU tire label.The rubber pavement interaction is determined by the viscoelastic properties of the rubber as well as by the pavement texture.Nowadays available optical surface profiling instruments allow for a detailed measurement of surface roughness covering several length scales.This enables the validation of a mathematical statistical description of pavement texture within the framework of self-affine surfaces and hence provides a holistic characterization of surface roughness covering several length scales within a few characteristic parameters.We deduce within this article the correlation between classical surface roughness parameters and the parameter set of self-affine surfaces.These parameters allow for a detailed understanding of the relationship between pavement texture and its wet skid resistance.We present wet skid resistance measurements with the British pendulum and a linear friction tester device on different pavement textures.We demonstrate that the socalled estimated texture depth does not correlate to the surface skid resistance measured with the British pendulum.Finally,we deduce a dependency of wet skid resistance on pavement texture which is supported by current models for hysteresis friction. | Stefan Torbruegge Burkhard Wies | 2015 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2015，2，2： | 9 |
| 7 | Comparison of Parallel Kinematic Machines with Three Translational Degrees of Freedom and Linear Actuation显示文摘The development of new robot structures, in particular of parallel kinematic machines(PKM), is widely systematized by different structure synthesis methods. Recent research increasingly focuses on PKM with less than six degrees of freedom(DOF). However, an overall comparison and evaluation of these structures is missing. In order to compare symmetrical PKM with three translational DOF, different evaluation criteria are used. Workspace, maximum actuation forces and velocities, power, actuator stiffness, accuracy and transmission behavior are taken into account to investigate strengths and weaknesses of the PKMs. A selection scheme based on possible configurations of translational PKM including different frame configurations is presented. Moreover, an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm is described to determine the geometric parameters of the selected PKM for an exemplary load case and a prescribed workspace. The values of the mentioned criteria are determined for all considered PKM with respect to certain boundary conditions. The distribution and spreading of these values within the prescribed workspace is presented by using box plots for each criterion. Thereby, the performance characteristics of the different structures can be compared directly. The results show that there is no 'best' PKM. Further inquiries such as dynamic or stiffness analysis are necessary to extend the comparison and to finally select a PKM. | PRAUSE Isabel CHARAF EDDINE Sami CORVES Burkhard | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2015，28，4： | 7 |
| 8 | 全流量大鼠体外循环模型的建立显示文摘目的建立可存活全流量的大鼠体外循环(cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB)模型。方法8只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠异氟烷吸入诱导麻醉后,经口气管内插管,接呼吸机行机械通气。进行尾动脉、腹壁尾侧浅动静脉和右侧颈外静脉血管穿刺置管等外科准备。经颈外静脉置入的多孔套管为静脉引流通道,以经尾动脉置入套管为CPB动脉灌注管道,血液经过特制膜氧合器进行氧合建立CPB并进行90 min CPB灌注。实验动物均进行血气和血流动力学等基本生理指标监测,并在CPB前、CPB后60 min以及CPB后1周测定细胞因子(IL-6和IL-10)以了解CPB所致的大鼠全身炎症情况。结果成功建立了不输血全流量大鼠CPB模型,所有实验动物全部存活至7天以上。受试动物IL-6和IL-10在CPB后显著升高,一周后回降到术前正常水平。结论本实验成功建立了全流量大鼠CPB模型,CPB后大鼠出现明显的全身炎症反应,这为研究CPB并发症病理生理机制以及相应的应对策略提供可靠经济的动物模型。 | 朱斌 Mihai V. Podgoreanu G. Burkhard Mackensen 叶铁虎 黄宇光 | 2009 | 中国体外循环杂志2009，7，3： | 7 |
| 9 | 植物在修复、固定和重建水生、陆生生态系统中的应用显示文摘植物能够吸收或降解污染物来修复受污染的土壤和水体[1-2],还能固定土壤、泥沙防止侵蚀和污染物从固体介质中释放[3]。众多无机和有机污染物都能被对其有耐性且生物量大的植物有效降解。例如,凤眼莲能吸收和净化来自金矿采掘废水的氰化物,这类废水含各种氰化物以及重金属元素的浓度达到导致生物体产生毒性效应的水平。检测表明氰化物对凤眼莲的半数致死剂量(LC50)为13 mg/L,将经过高浓度氰化物废水驯化后的凤眼莲放在野外小型湿地进行试验,结果显示这类植物对氰化物的降解效率更高。放射性同位素试验发现氰化物分子中的C和N原子经过植物代谢合成天冬酰胺,从而将有毒性的氰化物转化为无毒的产物[4]。尾矿场也可以用植物来修复,一方面植物可以过滤污染物浓度很高的渗滤液,另一方面栽种植物可以固定边坡减少侵蚀。将高覆盖度植被的概念应用在一个尾矿场上,通过种植北美黄杉使其全年都维持较高的蒸腾效率来减少渗滤液。而边坡的固定首先需要在坡面安置固定、菱形的新鲜柳条编织成的笼状网格,其后覆上土壤并喷播能在生长期对固定土壤发挥作用的草本、灌木以及树木种子。这项技术同样适用于河岸侵蚀防护。 | Andreas SCHAEFFER 陈忠礼 Mathias EBEL Michael EVANGELOU Henner HOLLERT Martina RO-NICKOLL Burkhard SCHMIDT 袁野 Gottfried LENNARTZ | 2012 | 重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版)2012，29，3： | 4 |
| 10 | Helicobacter pylori infection prevents allergic asthma in mouse models through the induction of regulatory T cells显示文摘 | Arnold Isabelle C Dehzad Nina Reuter Sebastian Martin Helen Becher Burkhard Taube Christian Müller Anne | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，8： | 4 |
| 11 | Anti-inflammatory and apoptotic effects of the polyphenol curcumin on human fibroblast-like synoviocytes显示文摘 | Burkhard Kloesch Tatjana Becker Elisabeth Dietersdorfer Hans Kiener Guenter Steiner | 2013 | International Immunopharmacology2013，，2： | 3 |
| 12 | On weighted total least-squares adjustment for linear regression显示文摘 | Burkhard Schaffrin Andreas Wieser | 2008 | Journal of Geodesy2008，，7： | 3 |
| 13 | 动态^(18)F-FDG PET定量分析用于骨病变鉴别诊断显示文摘目的 评价18F 脱氧葡萄糖 (FDG)PET在骨骼病变中的诊断价值。方法 研究对象为40例原发性骨骼病变患者。所有患者在注射示踪剂后立即开始动态PET采集 ,持续 6 0min。对动态PET图像进行半定量分析 ,分别计算平均和最大标准摄取值 (SUVaver和SUVmax) ,病灶SUV/肌肉SUV比值 (T/M) ,病灶 6 0minSUV/ 30minSUV比值 (SUVaver 60 /3 0min和SUVmax 60 /3 0min)等。采用Patlak作图分析法对动态图像数据进行拟合计算 ,得出摄入常数 (Ki) ,计算FDG代谢率 (MRFDG)。根据接受器工作特性曲线 (ROC)确定各定量指标的诊断阈值 ,并比较其鉴别良恶性病变的灵敏度和特异性。结果 经病理检查证实恶性病变 2 1例 ,良性病变 19例。恶性病变的MRFDG和SUV值高于良性病变 ,但各种指标的数值分布均存在交叉重叠。SUVaver与MRFDG呈正相关 (r=0 6 7)。以SUV值≥ 1 8作为阈值时 ,鉴别良恶性病变的灵敏度和特异性分别为 85 0 %和 82 4% ,以MRFDG(1 1)为阈值时的灵敏度 (82 4% )与SUV相近 ,而特异性 (92 9% )较高。同时采用SUV(1 8)和SUVaver 60 /3 0min(1 1)作为鉴别标准时 ,较之单独采用SUV特异性可改善为 93 3% ,灵敏度略有降低 (81 3% )。结论 骨骼良恶性病变之间存在葡萄糖代谢率差异。单用静态FDGPET获取SUV值不能很好鉴? | 吴华 Antonia Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss Thomas O-Heichel Burkhard Lehner Ludger Bernd Volker Ewerbeck Cyrill Burger Ludwig G Strauss | 2002 | 中华核医学杂志2002，22，2： | 3 |
| 14 | RORγ-Expressing Th17 Cells Induce Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation via Redundant Effects of IL-17A and IL-17F显示文摘 | Moritz Leppkes Christoph Becker Ivaylo I. Ivanov Sebastian Hirth Stefan Wirtz Clemens Neufert Sandrine Pouly Andrew J. Murphy David M. Valenzuela George D. Yancopoulos Burkhard Becher Dan R. Littman Markus F. Neurath | 2009 | Gastroenterology2009，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | On weighted total least-squares adjustment for linear regression显示文摘 | Burkhard Schaffrin Andreas Wieser | 2008 | Journal of Geodesy2008，，7： | 2 |
| 16 | 工业测量技术显示文摘每项测量任务都有其自己的要求,没有一种传惑器原理可以同样好地适用于各种不同的应用范围。使用各种不同的传感器来满足方面的各种各样的需求,从几微米到几公里的测量范围都是可以实现的。 | Burkhard Duello | 2006 | 现代制造2006，，10： | 2 |
| 17 | Corneal architecture of femtosecond laser and microkeratome flaps imaged by anterior segment optical coherence tomography显示文摘 | Burkhard von Jagow Thomas Kohnen | 2009 | Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery2009，，1： | 2 |
| 18 | On the multivariate total least-squares approach to empirical coordinate transformations. Three algorithms显示文摘 | Burkhard Schaffrin Yaron A. Felus | 2008 | Journal of Geodesy2008，，6： | 2 |
| 19 | Evapotranspiration and soil water relationships in a range of disturbed and undisturbed ecosystems in the semi-arid Inner Mongolia,China显示文摘Aims Evapotranspiration(ET)is a key component of water balance and is closely linked to ecosystem productivity.In arid regions,large proportion of precipitation(PPT)is returned to the atmosphere through ET,with only a small amount available to plants.Our objective was to examine the variability in ET–soil water relationship based on a set of ecosystems that are representative for semi-arid Inner Mongolia and its main land use practices.Methods This study used Eddy covariance(EC)data of water vapor(i.e.ET,mm),PPT(mm),soil volumetric water content(VWC,%),root biomass density and soil properties from three paired sites in semi-arid Inner Mongolia:cropland(Cropland-D)versus undisturbed grassland(Steppe-D),grazed grassland(Grazed Steppe-X)versus fenced grassland(Fenced Steppe-X)and poplar plantation(Poplar-K)versus undisturbed shrubland(Shrubland-K).The paired sites experienced similar climate conditions and were equipped with the same monitoring systems.Important Findings The ET/PPT ratio was significantly lower at Cropland-D and Grazed Steppe-X in comparison to the undisturbed grasslands,Steppe-D and Fenced Steppe-X.These differences are in part explained by the lower VWC in the upper soil layers associated with compaction of surface soil in heavily grazed and fallow fields.In contrast,the ET/PPT ratio was much higher at the poplar plantation compared to the undisturbed shrubland because poplar roots tap groundwater.The VWC of different soil layers responded differently to rainfall events across the six study sites.Except for Poplar-K,ETwas significantly constrained by VWC at the other five sites,although the correlation coefficients varied among soil layers.The relative contribution of soil water to ET correlated with the density of root biomass in the soil(R2=0.67,P<0.01).The soil water storage in the upper 50 cm of soil contributed 59,43,64 and 23%of total water loss as ET at Steppe-D,Cropland-D,Shrubland-K and Poplar-K,respectively.Our across-site analysis indicates that the site level of soil water for ET differs between land use and land cover type due to altered root distribution and/or soil physical properties.As a result,we recommend that ecosystem models designed to predict the response of a wide variety of vegetation to climatic variation in arid regions include more detail in defining soil layers and interactions between evaporation,infiltration and root distribution patterns. | Nan Lu Shiping Chen Burkhard Wilske Ge Sun Jiquan Chen | 2011 | Journal of Plant Ecology2011，4，1： | 2 |
| 20 | The Nature-Based Ecological Engineering Paradigm: Symbiosis, Coupling, and Coordination显示文摘1.Introduction We are currently facing three major ecological threats on a global scale:biodiversity loss,climate change,and environmental pollution exacerbation.The degradation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems poses a major risk to human survival and development,brings serious impacts to the wellbeing of 3.2 billion people,and causes the loss of about 10%of the annual global gross domestic product(GDP)[1,2].Meanwhile,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic is still spreading rapidly throughout the world,showing that the present relationship between humans and nature is unsustainable.It is necessary to protect nature so as to maintain the self-resilience of ecosystems. | Xiahui Wang Jinnan Wang Bo Wang Benjamin Burkhard Lulu Che Chao Dai Lijie Zheng | 2022 | Engineering2022，，12： | 2 |
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