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1Glioma extent of resection and its impact on patient outcome显示文摘Neurosurgery. 2008 Apr;62(4):753-64; discussion 264-246.OBJECTIVE: There is still no general consensus in the literature regarding the role of extent of glioma resection in im-proving patient outcome. Although the importance of resection in obtaining tissue diagnosis and alleviating symptoms is clear,Sanai N Berger MS 2008中国神经肿瘤杂志2008,6,2:82
2湖南市场和污染区稻米中As、Pb、Cd污染及其健康风险评价显示文摘为了更好地了解和评价湖南大米中As、Pb和Cd含量及其对人体的健康影响,在对湖南矿区和冶炼区水稻土壤重金属污染调查的基础上,分别以湖南各地市场大米和污染区当地生产的稻谷样品为例,对其进行重金属含量分析及对人体的健康风险评价.结果表明,湖南各地市场大米样品中As、Pb和Cd的平均含量分别是0.20、0.20和0.28mg·kg-1,其中,衡阳市场大米中的As、Pb和Cd含量最高,其次是株洲和湘潭市场的大米.污染区稻谷中As、Pb和Cd含量分布均为:谷壳>糙米>精米,污染区精米中As、Pb和Cd的含量分别是0.24、0.21和0.65mg·kg-1,其中,来自衡阳常宁市水口山铅/锌矿区的稻谷样品中的As、Pb和Cd含量最高,其次是株洲清水塘冶炼区和湘潭锰矿区的稻谷.与市场大米样品相比,污染区精米中As、Pb和Cd的平均含量比市场大米样品高.无论是市场大米样品,还是从污染区稻田采集的稻米,均以衡阳地区稻米中的As、Pb和Cd污染最为严重,其次为株洲和湘潭地区.在As、Pb和Cd的健康风险评价中,Cd是湖南各地稻米中影响人体健康的主要因子,株洲和湘潭的Cd污染区达到90%以上,其次是As和Pb.雷鸣 曾敏 王利红 Williams Paul N 孙国新 2010环境科学学报2010,30,11:135
3心肺耐力:体质健康的核心要素--以美国有氧中心纵向研究为例显示文摘从20世纪40年代开始的体力活动与冠心病发病及死亡风险的研究使人们开始关注体力活动、心肺耐力与健康及疾病风险间的关联。特别是近些年来世界范围内体力活动不足问题日益加剧,体力活动与心肺耐力,以及心肺耐力在人体健康状况及疾病死亡风险中的重要作用尤其受到关注,成为公共健康与运动科学领域最活跃的研究方向之一。心肺耐力作为人群体力活动水平的一个客观生理指标,与各人群全死因死亡率及心血管疾病死亡率高度相关,是体质健康各组成部分的核心要素。以Steven N Blair教授在美国Cooper研究所主持开展的有氧中心纵向研究(ACLS)的系列成果为主要参考资料,综述体力活动、心肺耐力与人群健康及疾病风险间的关联,并讨论前瞻性流行病学研究在体力活动与公共健康研究领域的重要功能,揭示心肺耐力在体质健康各要素中的核心地位。谢敏豪 李红娟 王正珍 王娟 隋雪梅 31air Steven N 2011北京体育大学学报2011,34,2:102
4《2015年美国风湿病学会/欧洲抗风湿联盟痛风分类标准》摘译显示文摘痛风是以尿酸钠(monosodium urate,MSU)结晶在关节液和组织中沉积为特点的疾病,是最常见的关节炎。各国痛风患病率分别为美国3.9%、法国0.9%、英国1.4%-2.5%、德国1.4%,新西兰欧裔和毛利人分别为3.2%和6.1%。在过去的10年中,已有治疗痛风的新药面世或正在进行临床试验。无论是药物临床试验、痛风危险因素观察性研究、张冰清 盛峰 谷俊杰 杨丹 梁广宇 张昀 曾学军 Neogi T Jansen TL Dalbeth N 2015中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志2015,9,4:322
5Immunohistochemical analysis of p53,cyclinD1,RB1,c-fos and N-ras gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma in Iran显示文摘AIM: To study the effect of some genes especially those involved in cell cycle regulation on hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 25 patients (18 males and 7 females) with hepatocellular carcinoma were collected from 22 pathology centers in Tehran during 2000-2001, and stained using immunohistochemistry method (avidin-biotin-peroxidase) for detection of p53, cyclinD1, RB1, c-fos and N-ras proteins. RESULTS: Six (24%), 5 (20%), 12 (48%) and 2 samples (8%) were positive for p53, cyclinD1, C-fos and N-ras expression, respectively. Twenty-two (88%) samples had alterations in the G1 cell-cycle checkpoint protein expression (RB1 or cyclinD1). P53 positive samples showed a higher (9 times) risk of being positive for RB1 protein than p53 negative samples. Loss of expression of RB1 in association with p53 over-expression was observed in 4 (66.7%) of 6 samples. Loss of expression of RB1 was seen in all cyclinD1 positive, 20 (90.9%) N-ras negative, and 11 (50%) C-fos positive samples, respectively. CyclinD1 positive samples showed a higher (2.85 and 4.75 times) risk of being positive for c-fos and N-ras expression than cyclinD1 negative samples. CONCLUSION: The expression of p53, RB1 and c-fos genes appears to have a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in Iran. Simultaneous overexpression of these genes is significantly associated with their loss of expression during development of hepatocellular carcinoma.SJ Moghaddam EN Haghighi S Samiee N Shahid AR Keramati S Dadgar MR Zali 2007World Journal of Gastroenterology2007,13,4:73
6乳腺癌病人家庭支持和自理行为的相关性研究显示文摘采用家庭支持问卷和自理行为问卷对61例乳腺癌术后在门诊接受放疗的病人进行了调查。结果:乳腺癌术后放疗病人得到较多的家庭支持和执行较多的自理行为;病人的家庭支持和自理行为之间存在正性相关关系(r=029,P<005)。说明护理人员指导病人家属向病人提供有效的家庭支持,可促进病人自理。张海燕 TATSANA M MARAYART N 1999护理学杂志(综合版)1999,14,4:63
7评估大气细颗粒物暴露引起的全球疾病负担的一个综合风险函数显示文摘[背景]评估由于环境空气中细颗粒物(PM2.5)长期暴露引起的疾病负担,需要了解相对风险度(RR)函数的图形和幅度。然而,在世界上很多观察到高PM2.5环境浓度的地方,都缺乏足够的直接证据确定死亡RR函数的图形。[目的]建立可用于全球PM2.5暴露范围内成人死因的RR函数:缺血性心脏病(IHD)、脑血管疾病(脑卒中)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和肺癌(LC)。建立急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)发病的RR函数,用于估算〈5岁的儿童中死亡率和健康生活损失年数。[方法]通过整合现有的来自于环境空气污染(AAP)、二手烟草烟雾、家用固体烹饪用燃料和主动吸烟(AS)等研究的RR信息,拟合综合暴露-反应(IER)模型。采用颗粒物质的吸入剂量,通过转化AS暴露来估计全年PM2.5的暴露当量。在估算全球环境PM2.5浓度的基础上,得出各国的人群归因分数(PAFs)。[结果]与以往负担评估中使用的其他7种模型相比,IER模型是一种优越的RR预测方法。在不同国家中,归因于AAP暴露的PAF百分数各不相同,分别为:IHD,2~41;脑卒中,1~43;COPD,〈1~21;LC,〈1~25;ALRI,〈1~38。[结论]我们建立了一种以细颗粒物为基础的RR模型,它通过整合来自不同类型的燃烧所产生颗粒物排放的RR信息,涵盖全球范围的暴露。当获得新的RR信息时,可以对这个模型进行更新。Richard T.Burnett C.Arden Pope III Majid Ezzati Casey Olives Stephen S.Lim Sumi Mehta Hwashin H.Shin Gitanjali Singh Bryan Hubbell Michael Brauer H.Ross Anderson Kirk R.Smith John R.Balmes Nigel G.Bruce Haidong Kan Francine Laden Annette Prüss-Ustün Michelle C.Turner Susan M.Gapstur W.Ryan Diver Aaron Cohen 何蓉 张伊人 金泰廙 2014环境与职业医学2014,31,11:80
8灌区水资源合理配置研究进展显示文摘灌区水资源合理配置是提高灌区水资源利用效率及保障粮食安全的重要途径,也是实现灌区水资源可持续利用的有效调控措施。从灌区水资源管理政策、水资源循环转化规律、水资源优化配置模型与方法和水文生态4个方面,对国内外该领域的研究现状进行了对比分析。研究发现,国内灌区水资源配置主要存在4个方面的问题:水资源合理配置与保护政策落实不到位、水资源的统一管理机制不健全、水资源优化配置模型实用性不强和水资源优化配置基础条件较为薄弱。建议加强灌区水资源的统一管理政策与机制、变化环境下水资源循环转化规律、水资源承载力基础理论与评价新方法、水文生态调控技术、水资源实时风险调度与智能化管理技术以及水资源优化配置耦合技术研究。齐学斌 黄仲冬 乔冬梅 张现超 李平 Mathias N Andersen 2015水科学进展2015,26,2:66
9Ubiquitin modifications显示文摘Kirby N Swatek David Komander 2016Cell Research2016,26,4:77
10金厂沟梁-二道沟金矿田内花岗岩类侵入体锆石的离子探针U-Pb年代学及意义显示文摘金厂沟梁-二道沟金矿田内花岗岩类侵入体SHRIMP锆石U-Ph定年结果表明,该区中生代以来到少经历了三次中酸性岩浆侵入作用,它们分别以西台子二长花岗岩、娄上含辉石石英闪长岩和西对面沟花岗闪长岩及闪长玢岩脉在218±4Ma(印支期)、161±1Ma(燕山早期)和126±1Ma(燕山晚期)的侵位为标志。花岗岩类的地球化学资料表明,这些花岗岩类侵入体形成与造山作用有关,为造山后或陆内拉张作用的产物。二道沟矿区成矿前或成矿期闪长玢岩脉的年龄126±1Ma限定了该区金矿化的最大年龄;结合前人有关年代学资料,认为本区金矿化应发生在126~118Ma。这说明金厂沟梁-二道沟金矿田的金矿床与我国胶东、小秦岭和辽东等地区的金矿床是同时形成的,再次证明燕山晚期是中国最重要而广泛的金成矿期。此外,在这些主要的金矿区内,金矿化时间上均具有与各自区内最晚一次花岗质岩浆作用同时或稍晚的特征,这可能指示金矿床是造山作用或区域构造-岩浆演化最晚期的产物。苗来成 范蔚茗 翟明国 Qiu Y M McNaughton N J Groves D I 2003岩石学报2003,19,1:70
11应用RAPD技术评价丁香品种间遗传关系显示文摘采用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术分析了6个丁香(Sarinaa)品种间的遗传关系。用17个单引物共扩增出83个DNA片段,其中清晰可辨、重复的片段62个,占总数的74.6%。被检测出品种特有标记,可作为区别不同品种的重要性状。品种flora和NaudNotcutt间相似系数高达98.1%,证明它们是同一品种不同无性系。通过品种间相似系数比较,确认品种Rochester是从品种Flora选育而来;品种Maiden’sBlush是由朝鲜丁香(Syringaobiatavar.dilatata)和欧丁香品种MrsMarryBickle杂交而来。陈新露 赵祥云 Bradley N White James S.Pringle 1995园艺学报1995,22,2:55
12Myocardial reperfusion injury and oxidative stress: Therapeutic opportunities显示文摘Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Its associated mortality, morbidity and complications have significantly decreased with the development of interventional cardiology and percutaneous coronary angioplasty(PCA) treatment, which quick-ly and effectively restore the blood flow to the area previously subjected to ischemia. Paradoxi-cally, the restoration of blood flow to the ischemic zone leads to a massive production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) which generate rapid and severe damage to biomolecules, generating a phenomenon called myocardial reperfusion injury(MRI). In the clinical setting, MRI is associated with multiple complications such as lethal reperfusion, no-reflow, myocardial stunning, and reperfusion arrhythmias. Despite significant advances in the understanding of the mechanisms accounting for the myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, it remains an unsolved problem. Although promising results have been obtained in experimental studies(mainly in animal models), these benefits have not been translated into clinical settings. Thus, clinical trials have failed to find benefits from any therapy to prevent MRI. There is major evidence with respect to the contribution of oxidative stress to MRI in cardiovascular diseases. The lack- of consistency between basic studies and clinical trials is not solely based on the diversity inherent in epidemiology but is also a result of the methodological weak-nesses of some studies. It is quite possible that pharmacological issues, such as doses, active ingredients, bioavailability, routes of administration, co-therapies, startup time of the drug intervention,and its continuity may also have some responsibility for the lack- of consistency between different studies. Furthermore, the administration of high ascorbate doses prior to reperfusion appears to be a safe and rational therapy against the development of oxidative damage associated with myocardial reperfusion. In addition, the association with N-acetylcysteine(a glutathione donor) and deferoxamine(an iron chelator) could improve the antioxidant cardioprotection by ascorbate, mak-ing it even more effective in preventing myocardial reperfusion damage associated with PCA following AMI.Jaime González-Montero Roberto Brito Abraham IJ Gajardo Ramón Rodrigo 2018World Journal of Cardiology2018,10,9:56
13基于AHP_熵权法的孟印缅地区洪水灾害风险评估显示文摘孟印缅三国地处亚热带与热带季风气候区,因自然条件制约,洪涝灾害频繁发生,对'孟中印缅经济走廊'建设将会带来重大影响。开展孟印缅地区的洪水风险评估可为'孟中印缅经济走廊'的建设安全提供必要的信息和科技支撑。利用1980—2016年的降水数据,结合河网、数字高程和土地利用等数据,选取雨季降雨量、暴雨天数、高程、坡度、河网密度、植被覆盖度、土壤可蚀性、人口密度、地均GDP和土地利用10个指标,采用层次分析法和AHP_熵权法对孟印缅地区的洪水灾害风险分布进行了比较研究。研究表明:孟印缅地区高风险区和较高风险区分别占总面积的1.05%和28.76%,高风险区主要分布在印度北部的恒河平原、印度东北部的阿萨姆邦、孟加拉国大部分地区和缅甸南部。受自然、人口和经济条件的制约,孟加拉国是孟印缅三国中洪水风险最高的国家,高风险区和较高风险区分别占总面积的10.61%和65.87%。层次分析法和AHP_熵权法结果间的比较表明,后者比前者识别出更大范围的洪水高风险区。本研究为中国开展周边国家自然灾害的风险评估提供了有效的方法,有助于推进国家孟中印缅经济走廊的建设。刘媛媛 王绍强 王小博 江东 N H Ravindranath Atiq Rahman Nyo Mar Htwe Tartirose Vijitpan 2020地理研究2020,39,8:57
14New advances in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the leading cause of deaths in cirrhotic patients and the third cause of cancer related deaths.Most HCC are associated withwell known underlying risk factors,in fact,HCC arise in cirrhotic patients in up to 90%of cases,mainly due to chronic viral hepatitis and alcohol abuse.The worldwide prevention strategies are conducted to avoid the infection of new subjects and to minimize the risk of liver disease progression in infected patients.HCC is a condition which lends itself to surveillance as at-risk individuals can readily be identified.The American and European guidelines recommended implementation of surveillance programs with ultrasound every six months in patient atrisk for developing HCC.The diagnosis of HCC can be based on non-invasive criteria(only in cirrhotic patient)or pathology.Accurately staging patients is essential to oncology practice.The ideal tumour staging system in HCC needs to account for both tumour characteristics and liver function.Treatment allocation is based on several factors:Liver function,size and number of tumours,macrovascular invasion or extrahepatic spread.The recommendations in terms of selection for different treatment strategies must be based on evidence-based data.Resection,liver transplant and interventional radiology treatment are mainstays of HCC therapy and achieve the best outcomes in well-selected candidates.Chemoembolization is the most widely used treatment for unresectable HCC or progression after curative treatment.Finally,in patients with advanced HCC with preserved liver function,sorafenib is the only approved systemic drug that has demonstrated a survival benefit and is the standard of care in this group of patients.Sonia Pascual Iván Herrera Javier Irurzun 2016World Journal of Hepatology2016,8,9:51
15利用GOME卫星资料分析北京大气NO_2污染变化显示文摘利用GOME(Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment,全球臭氧监测实验)1996年1月—2002年12月NO2对流层柱浓度月平均卫星遥感资料以及根据北京市2001年1月1日—2002年12月31日NO2污染指数数据计算出的地面NO2日均质量浓度值,分析了北京市城市大气NO2污染变化的季节变化特征以及年际变化,并将2001年1月—2002年12月北京上空GOME NO2对流层柱浓度月平均值变化与北京市地面NO2日均质量浓度月平均值变化进行了比较,结果表明两者随时间的变化趋势具有较好的一致性,据此可以利用GOME NO2对流层柱浓度月平均卫星遥感资料来分析特定区域大气NO2的季节变化和年际变化。江文华 马建中 颜鹏 Andreas Richter John P.Burrows Hendrik Nǖβ 2006应用气象学报2006,17,1:47
16Microdissection testicular sperm extraction: an update显示文摘有非妨碍的精子缺乏(NOA ) 的病人曾经被认为由于在精液的精子的缺席与很少治疗选择不肥沃。在最后二十年, intracytoplasmic 精子注射( ICSI )的来临,和各种各样的阴囊的精子检索技术的申请,包括好针渴望( FNA ),常规阴囊的精子抽取( TESE )和 microdissection 阴囊的精子抽取( micro-TESE )在这组人革命化了治疗。因为有 NOA 的大多数人将在睾丸以内孤立精子发生的区域,研究说明了那个精子能与 NOA 在大多数人被检索,包括 Klinefelter 的症候群(KS ) ,化疗和 cryptorchidism 的优先的历史。Micro-TESE,什么时候在阴囊的功能上与更少手术后的复杂并发症和否定效果与常规 TESE 相比有更高的精子检索率(SRR ) 。在这篇文章,我们将比较精子抽取的不同过程的功效,与 NOA 在人讨论医疗和睾丸激素优化的角色并且描述 micro-TESE 外科的技术。而且,我们将更新我们的全面经验允许为 NOA 的特定的子集在精子检索的预后上建议。Ali A Dabaja Peter N Schlegel 2013Asian Journal of Andrology2013,15,1:41
17Oxidative stress and male reproductive health显示文摘有缺点的精子功能的主要原因之一是氧化应力,它不仅破坏精子 DNA 的正直而且在精子血浆膜由于蛋白质和类脂化合物的并行的损坏限制这些房间的使肥沃的潜力。如此的氧化压力的起源看起来包含精子线粒体,它有一个趋势作为一篇序言产生 superoxide 阴离子的高水平到进入内在的 apoptotic 串联。不幸地,这些房间有很小的能力因为他们仅仅在基础切除修理(BER ) 拥有第一酶,对如此的攻击作出回应小径, 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1 ) 。后者成功地创造一个 abasic 地点,而是精子因为他们缺乏下游的蛋白质,不能进一步处理氧化损害(APE1, XRCC1 ) 需要完成修理过程。在第一个有丝分裂的部门的 S 阶段的开始以前继续 BER 小径是卵母细胞的责任。如果一个错误被卵母细胞在开发的这个阶段犯,一个变化将被创造那将在身体在每个房间被代表。如此的机制可以在在作为年龄的后果在他们的细菌线承受了氧化应力的男性的后代观察的童年癌症和另外的疾病解释增加,环境或生活方式因素。在男不孕病人的精子的氧化 DNA 损坏的高流行可以为在 vitro 构思的孩子的健康有含意并且在细菌线为对免费激进的产生的起源的当前的研究担任一位司机。Robert J Aitken Tegan B Smith Matthew S Jobling Mark A Baker Geoffry N De Iuliis 2014Asian Journal of Andrology2014,16,1:48
18Generation of new glutinous rice by CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis of the Waxy gene in elite rice varieties显示文摘In rice, amylose content(AC) is controlled by a single dominant Waxy gene. We used Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9(Cas_9) to introduce a loss-of-function mutation into the Waxy gene in two widely cultivated elite japonica varieties. Our results show that mutations in the Waxy gene reduce AC and convert the rice into glutinous ones without affecting other desirable agronomic traits, offering an effective and easy strategy to improve glutinosity in elite varieties. Importantly, we successfully removed the transgenes from the progeny. Our study provides an example of generating improved crops with potential for commercialization, by editing a gene of interest directly in elite crop varieties.Jinshan Zhang Hui Zhang Jose Ramón Botella Jian-Kang Zhu 2018Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2018,60,5:49
19Overexpression of ADAM9 in non-small cell lung cancer correlates with brain metastasis显示文摘The 'a disintegrin and metalloprotease' (ADAM) family contributes to regulation of the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that are critical determinants of malignancy. To determine the relationship between metastasis and ADAM proteins, we compared the mRNA levels of ADAM9,-10,-12,-15, and-17 in sublines of an EBC-1 lung cancer cell line that were highly metastatic to either brain or bone. ADAM9 mRNA levels were significantly higher in highly brain-metastatic sublines than in the parent or highly bonemetastalic sublines. To elucidate the role ofADAM9 in brain metastasis, we stably transfected A549 and EBC-1 cells with a fulllength ADAM9 expression vector. Compared with mock-transfectants, ADAM9 overexpression resulted in increased invasive capacityShintani Y Higashiyama S Ohta M Hirabayashi H Yamamoto S Yoshimasu T Matsuda H Matsuura N 2004中国神经肿瘤杂志2004,2,2:36
20Hepatogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue in comparison with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘AIM: To investigate and compare the hepatogenic transdifferentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSC) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) in vitro. Transdifferentiation of BMSC into hepatic cells in vivo has been described. Adipose tissue represents an accessible source of ADSC, with similar characteristics to BMSC.METHODS: BMSCs were obtained from patients under-going total hip arthroplasty and ADSC from human adi-pose tissue obtained from lipectomy. Cells were grown in medium containing 15% human serum. Cultures were serum deprived for 2 d before cultivating under similar pro-hepatogenic conditions to those of liver develop-ment using a 2-step protocol with sequential addition of growth factors, cytokines and hormones. Hepatic differ-entiation was RT-PCR-assessed and liver-marker genes were immunohistochemically analysed. RESULTS: BMSC and ADSC exhibited a fibroblastic mor-phology that changed to a polygonal shape when cells differentiated. Expression of stem cell marker Thy1 de-creased in differentiated ADSC and BMSC. However, the expression of the hepatic markers, albumin and CYPs increased to a similar extent in differentiated BMSC and ADSC. Hepatic gene activation could be attributed to in-creased liver-enriched transcription factors (C/EBPβ and HNF4α), as demonstrated by adenoviral expression vec-tors.CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to hepatogenic transdifferentiation in vitro. ADSCs have a similar hepatogenic differentiation potential to BMSC, but a longer culture period and higher proliferation ca-pacity. Therefore, adipose tissue may be an ideal source of large amounts of autologous stem cells, and may become an alternative for hepatocyte regeneration, liver cell transplantation or preclinical drug testing.Raquel Taléns-Visconti Ana Bonora Ramiro Jover Vicente Mirabet Francisco Carbonell José Vicente Castell María José Gómez-Lechón 2006World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,36:35
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